Spring boot junit 测试 - ClassNotFoundException

Question

我有一个运行没有问题的 spring 启动应用程序。 我想写一些单元测试并遇到以下异常：

java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext

    at
org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:125)
    at
org.springframework.test.context.support.DefaultTestContext.getApplicationContext(DefaultTestContext.java:108)
    at
org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.injectDependencies(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:117)
    at
org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:83)
    at
org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.SpringBootDependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(SpringBootDependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:44)
    at
org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:246)
    at
org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:227)    at
org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:289)
    at
org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
    at
org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:291)
    at
org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:246)
    at
org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:97)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)  at
org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)     at
org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)   at
org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)     at
org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)    at
org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
    at
org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:70)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)    at
org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:190)
    at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137)   at
com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:68)
    at
com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:47)
    at
com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:242)
    at
com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:70)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException:
Error creating bean with name 'requestMappingHandlerAdapter' defined
in class path resource
[org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/web/servlet/WebMvcAutoConfiguration$EnableWebMvcConfiguration.class]:
Bean instantiation via factory method failed; nested exception is
org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to
instantiate
[org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter]:
Factory method 'requestMappingHandlerAdapter' threw exception; nested
exception is java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError:
net/minidev/json/writer/JsonReaderI     at
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(ConstructorResolver.java:587)
    at
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1250)
    at
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1099)
    at
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:541)
    at
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:501)
    at
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:317)
    at
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$$Lambda$123/1758624236.getObject(Unknown
Source)     at
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:228)
    at
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:315)
    at
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:199)
    at
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:760)
    at
org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:869)
    at
org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:550)
    at
org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.refresh(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:140)
    at
org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:759)
    at
org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:395)
    at
org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:327)
    at
org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootContextLoader.loadContext(SpringBootContextLoader.java:138)
    at
org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContextInternal(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:99)
    at
org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:117)
    ... 25 more Caused by:
org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to
instantiate
[org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter]:
Factory method 'requestMappingHandlerAdapter' threw exception; nested
exception is java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError:
net/minidev/json/writer/JsonReaderI     at
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.SimpleInstantiationStrategy.instantiate(SimpleInstantiationStrategy.java:185)
    at
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(ConstructorResolver.java:579)
    ... 44 more Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError:
net/minidev/json/writer/JsonReaderI     at
com.jayway.jsonpath.internal.DefaultsImpl.<init>(DefaultsImpl.java:17)
    at
com.jayway.jsonpath.internal.DefaultsImpl.<clinit>(DefaultsImpl.java:15)
    at
com.jayway.jsonpath.Configuration.getEffectiveDefaults(Configuration.java:48)
    at
com.jayway.jsonpath.Configuration.access$000(Configuration.java:34)
    at
com.jayway.jsonpath.Configuration$ConfigurationBuilder.build(Configuration.java:229)
    at
org.springframework.data.web.JsonProjectingMethodInterceptorFactory.<init>(JsonProjectingMethodInterceptorFactory.java:75)
    at
org.springframework.data.web.ProjectingJackson2HttpMessageConverter.initProjectionFactory(ProjectingJackson2HttpMessageConverter.java:87)
    at
org.springframework.data.web.ProjectingJackson2HttpMessageConverter.<init>(ProjectingJackson2HttpMessageConverter.java:72)
    at
org.springframework.data.web.config.SpringDataWebConfiguration.extendMessageConverters(SpringDataWebConfiguration.java:162)
    at
org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurerComposite.extendMessageConverters(WebMvcConfigurerComposite.java:144)
    at
org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration.extendMessageConverters(DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration.java:123)
    at
org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurationSupport.getMessageConverters(WebMvcConfigurationSupport.java:758)
    at
org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurationSupport.requestMappingHandlerAdapter(WebMvcConfigurationSupport.java:565)
    at
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.WebMvcAutoConfiguration$EnableWebMvcConfiguration.requestMappingHandlerAdapter(WebMvcAutoConfiguration.java:467)
    at
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.WebMvcAutoConfiguration$EnableWebMvcConfiguration$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$c37b1a28.CGLIB$requestMappingHandlerAdapter$8(<generated>)
    at
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.WebMvcAutoConfiguration$EnableWebMvcConfiguration$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$c37b1a28$$FastClassBySpringCGLIB$$2c18252f.invoke(<generated>)
    at
org.springframework.cglib.proxy.MethodProxy.invokeSuper(MethodProxy.java:228)
    at
org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassEnhancer$BeanMethodInterceptor.intercept(ConfigurationClassEnhancer.java:361)
    at
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.WebMvcAutoConfiguration$EnableWebMvcConfiguration$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$c37b1a28.requestMappingHandlerAdapter(<generated>)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)  at
sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at
sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:497)     at
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.SimpleInstantiationStrategy.instantiate(SimpleInstantiationStrategy.java:154)
    ... 45 more Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException:
net.minidev.json.writer.JsonReaderI     at
java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:381)  at
java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:424)   at
sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:331)   at
java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:357)   ... 69 more

我想要的只是测试一个@Service 注释的 bean 并正确连接它。

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class ImageResizeTest {

    @Autowired
    private ImageService imageService;

    @Test
    public void imageResizeTest() throws IOException {
        BufferedImage image = ImageIO.read(new File("E:\\tmp\\original.jpg"));
        imageService.storeComicCover(image, "mytest.jpg");
    }
}

@Service
public class ImageService {
    private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ImageService.class);
    public static final String FORMAT_NAME = "jpg";

    @Value("${image.norm.resize.height}")
    private int normalResizeHeight;
    @Value("${image.norm.resize.width}")
    private int normalResizeWidth;

    @Value("${image.thumb.resize.height}")
    private int thumbResizeHeight;
    @Value("${image.thumb.resize.width}")
    private int thumbResizeWidth;

    @Value("${image.mini.resize.height}")
    private int miniResizeHeight;
    @Value("${image.mini.resize.width}")
    private int miniResizeWidth;

    @Value("${image.comics.original.path}")
    private String originalComicPath;
    @Value("${image.stories.original.path}")
    private String originalStoriesPath;
    @Value("${image.characters.original.path}")
    private String originalCharactersPath;

    @Value("${image.comic.resized.path}")
    private String resizeComicPath;
    @Value("${image.stories.resized.path}")
    private String resizeStoriesPath;
    @Value("${image.characters.resized.path}")
    private String resizeCharactersPath;

    public ImageAttributes storeComicCover(BufferedImage originalImage, String originalImageName) {

我试图用测试范围在 Maven 中添加缺少的库，但这没有效果。

<parent>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
    <version>2.0.1.RELEASE</version>
</parent>

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.postgresql</groupId>
        <artifactId>postgresql</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-security-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-security-config</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-validator</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-validator</artifactId>
        <version>1.6</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.imgscalr</groupId>
        <artifactId>imgscalr-lib</artifactId>
        <version>4.2</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
        <artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId>
        <version>2.8.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
        <artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId>
        <version>2.8.0</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
        <optional>true</optional>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

我究竟做错了什么？ 我很感激任何帮助。

Answer 1

似乎缺少一些库。 请将以下内容添加到您的 pom.xml 并检查：

com.fasterxml.jackson.core jackson-databind 2.4.5
com.google.code.gson gson 2.3.1
net.minidev json-smart 2.1.1
org.slf4j slf4j-api 1.7.10
net.minidev asm 2.1.1

如果没有，问题就出在别处。

Answer 2

@SpringBootTest(classes={...classesRequired...}) 您可以尝试加载所需的类，看看它是否可以那样工作。 SpringBootTest 应该加载所需的应用程序上下文。