C＃将5个整数打包成1个

Question

我正在尝试使用位移操作将5个整数（每个最多999个）打包和拆包为一个唯一的整数：

static UInt64 Combine(uint a, uint b, uint c, uint d, uint e)
    {
        return (a << 48) | (b << 32 ) | (c << 16) | (d << 8) | e;
    }

但是，我无法将号码拆开。 谁能指导我做错了什么？ 谢谢。

Answer 1

为了打包值0..999 ，您需要10位，而不是8位。 十个将为您提供值0..1023而八个将仅为您提供0..255 。

因此，您需要的功能类似于：

static UInt64 Combine(
    uint a, uint b, uint c, uint d, uint e
) {
    UInt64 retval = a;
    retval = (retval << 10) | b;
    retval = (retval << 10) | c;
    retval = (retval << 10) | d;
    retval = (retval << 10) | e;
    return retval;
}

然后，要解压缩它们，只需提取每组十位，一次一次，例如：

static void Extract(UInt64 val, out uint a, out uint b,
    out uint c, out uint d, out uint e
) {
    e = Convert.ToUInt32(val & 0x3ff); val = val >> 10;
    d = Convert.ToUInt32(val & 0x3ff); val = val >> 10;
    c = Convert.ToUInt32(val & 0x3ff); val = val >> 10;
    b = Convert.ToUInt32(val & 0x3ff); val = val >> 10;
    a = Convert.ToUInt32(val & 0x3ff);
}

Answer 2

另一种存储数字的方式。 有点不同。 但是，我想我会把它呈现给您。 基本上，我们只是在模仿“联盟”：

using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace Unions
{
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Explicit)]
        struct uShortArray
        {
            [FieldOffset(0)]
            public ushort Bytes01;
            [FieldOffset(2)]
            public ushort Bytes23;
            [FieldOffset(4)]
            public ushort Bytes45;
            [FieldOffset(6)]
            public ushort Bytes67;

            [FieldOffset(0)]
            public long long1;
        }
        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void Form1_Load(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
        {
            uShortArray ua = default(uShortArray);
            ua.Bytes01 = 999;
            ua.Bytes23 = 164;
            ua.Bytes45 = 581;
            ua.Bytes67 = 43;

            MessageBox.Show($"ua = [Bytes 0 - 1 : {ua.Bytes01}] ... [Byte 2 - 3 : {ua.Bytes23}] ... [Bytes 4 - 5 : {ua.Bytes45}] ... [Bytes 6 - 7 : {ua.Bytes67}] ... [long1 : {ua.long1}]");

            uShortArray ua2 = default(uShortArray);

            Combine(out ua2, 543, 657, 23, 999);

            MessageBox.Show($"ua2 = [Bytes 0 - 1 : {ua2.Bytes01}] ... [Byte 2 - 3 : {ua2.Bytes23}] ... [Bytes 4 - 5 : {ua2.Bytes45}] ... [Bytes 6 - 7 : {ua2.Bytes67}] ... [long1 : {ua2.long1}]");

            uShortArray ua3 = default(uShortArray);
            ua3.long1 = ua.long1;  //As you can see, you don't need an extract.  You just assign the "extract" value to long1.

            MessageBox.Show($"ua3 = [Bytes 0 - 1 : {ua3.Bytes01}] ... [Byte 2 - 3 : {ua3.Bytes23}] ... [Bytes 4 - 5 : {ua3.Bytes45}] ... [Bytes 6 - 7 : {ua3.Bytes67}] ... [long1 : {ua3.long1}]");
        }

        private void Combine(out uShortArray inUA, ushort in1, ushort in2, ushort in3, ushort in4)
        {
            inUA = default(uShortArray);

            inUA.Bytes01 = in1;
            inUA.Bytes23 = in2;
            inUA.Bytes45 = in3;
            inUA.Bytes67 = in4;
        }
    }
}

该结构仅存储4个值。 但是，您可以使用更大的类型（而不是长型）来容纳更多数字。