无法将提交推送到GitHub上新创建的存储库

Question

我最近刚刚在我的帐户上（仅对我而言）在GitHub上创建了一个新的存储库。 使用命令行，我导航到一个包含一些文件和文件夹的文件夹，我想使用命令行将其推送到联机存储库。 我的在线存储库仅包含一个初始提交和一个自述文件。 我使用git add --all将所有内容git add --all到文件夹中，并使用当前目录作为主目录，但在推送时仍然遇到问题。

我尝试使用fetch ， pull ， merge ， rebase ，然后再次push ，但是它不起作用。 这是我所做的一部分：

Muaz Aljarhi@MuazAljarhi-PC MINGW64 /f/muaz/Programming/Java (master)
$ git push -u origin master
fatal: HttpRequestException encountered.
   An error occurred while sending the request.
Username for 'https://github.com': Muaz.Al.Jarhi@Gmail.com
To https://github.com/SamuraiHub/Java.git
 ! [rejected]        master -> master (fetch first)
error: failed to push some refs to 'https://github.com/SamuraiHub/Java.git'
hint: Updates were rejected because the remote contains work that you do
hint: not have locally. This is usually caused by another repository pushing
hint: to the same ref. You may want to first integrate the remote changes
hint: (e.g., 'git pull ...') before pushing again.
hint: See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details.

Muaz Aljarhi@MuazAljarhi-PC MINGW64 /f/muaz/Programming/Java (master)
$ ^C

Muaz Aljarhi@MuazAljarhi-PC MINGW64 /f/muaz/Programming/Java (master)
$ git fetch origin master
warning: no common commits
remote: Counting objects: 3, done.
remote: Total 3 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0), pack-reused 0
Unpacking objects: 100% (3/3), done.
From https://github.com/SamuraiHub/Java
 * branch            master     -> FETCH_HEAD
 * [new branch]      master     -> origin/master
Auto packing the repository in background for optimum performance.
See "git help gc" for manual housekeeping.
Counting objects: 6350, done.
Delta compression using up to 8 threads.
Compressing objects: 100% (6164/6164), done.
Writing objects: 100% (6350/6350), done.
Total 6350 (delta 534), reused 0 (delta 0)
Removing duplicate objects: 100% (256/256), done.

Muaz Aljarhi@MuazAljarhi-PC MINGW64 /f/muaz/Programming/Java (master)
$ git merge origin master
merge: origin - not something we can merge

Muaz Aljarhi@MuazAljarhi-PC MINGW64 /f/muaz/Programming/Java (master)
$ git push -u origin master
fatal: HttpRequestException encountered.
   An error occurred while sending the request.
Username for 'https://github.com': Muaz.Al.Jarhi@Gmail.com
To https://github.com/SamuraiHub/Java.git
 ! [rejected]        master -> master (non-fast-forward)
error: failed to push some refs to 'https://github.com/SamuraiHub/Java.git'
hint: Updates were rejected because the tip of your current branch is behind
hint: its remote counterpart. Integrate the remote changes (e.g.
hint: 'git pull ...') before pushing again.
hint: See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details.

Muaz Aljarhi@MuazAljarhi-PC MINGW64 /f/muaz/Programming/Java (master)
$ git pull
There is no tracking information for the current branch.
Please specify which branch you want to merge with.
See git-pull(1) for details.

    git pull <remote> <branch>

If you wish to set tracking information for this branch you can do so with:

    git branch --set-upstream-to=origin/<branch> master


Muaz Aljarhi@MuazAljarhi-PC MINGW64 /f/muaz/Programming/Java (master)
$ git checkout master
Already on 'master'

Muaz Aljarhi@MuazAljarhi-PC MINGW64 /f/muaz/Programming/Java (master)
$ git pull
There is no tracking information for the current branch.
Please specify which branch you want to merge with.
See git-pull(1) for details.

    git pull <remote> <branch>

If you wish to set tracking information for this branch you can do so with:

    git branch --set-upstream-to=origin/<branch> master


Muaz Aljarhi@MuazAljarhi-PC MINGW64 /f/muaz/Programming/Java (master)
$ git push -u origin master
fatal: HttpRequestException encountered.
   An error occurred while sending the request.
Username for 'https://github.com': Muaz.Al.Jarhi@Gmail.com
To https://github.com/SamuraiHub/Java.git
 ! [rejected]        master -> master (non-fast-forward)
error: failed to push some refs to 'https://github.com/SamuraiHub/Java.git'
hint: Updates were rejected because the tip of your current branch is behind
hint: its remote counterpart. Integrate the remote changes (e.g.
hint: 'git pull ...') before pushing again.
hint: See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details.

Muaz Aljarhi@MuazAljarhi-PC MINGW64 /f/muaz/Programming/Java (master)
$ git pull --rebase
There is no tracking information for the current branch.
Please specify which branch you want to rebase against.
See git-pull(1) for details.

    git pull <remote> <branch>

If you wish to set tracking information for this branch you can do so with:

    git branch --set-upstream-to=origin/<branch> master


Muaz Aljarhi@MuazAljarhi-PC MINGW64 /f/muaz/Programming/Java (master)
$ git fetch origin master
From https://github.com/SamuraiHub/Java
 * branch            master     -> FETCH_HEAD

Muaz Aljarhi@MuazAljarhi-PC MINGW64 /f/muaz/Programming/Java (master)
$ git merge origin master
merge: origin - not something we can merge

Muaz Aljarhi@MuazAljarhi-PC MINGW64 /f/muaz/Programming/Java (master)
$ git merge master
Already up-to-date.

Muaz Aljarhi@MuazAljarhi-PC MINGW64 /f/muaz/Programming/Java (master)
$ git push -u origin master
fatal: HttpRequestException encountered.
   An error occurred while sending the request.
Username for 'https://github.com': Muaz.Al.Jarhi@Gmail.com
To https://github.com/SamuraiHub/Java.git
 ! [rejected]        master -> master (non-fast-forward)
error: failed to push some refs to 'https://github.com/SamuraiHub/Java.git'
hint: Updates were rejected because the tip of your current branch is behind
hint: its remote counterpart. Integrate the remote changes (e.g.
hint: 'git pull ...') before pushing again.
hint: See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details.

Muaz Aljarhi@MuazAljarhi-PC MINGW64 /f/muaz/Programming/Java (master)
$ ^C

Muaz Aljarhi@MuazAljarhi-PC MINGW64 /f/muaz/Programming/Java (master)
$ git pull --rebase
There is no tracking information for the current branch.
Please specify which branch you want to rebase against.
See git-pull(1) for details.

    git pull <remote> <branch>

If you wish to set tracking information for this branch you can do so with:

    git branch --set-upstream-to=origin/<branch> master


Muaz Aljarhi@MuazAljarhi-PC MINGW64 /f/muaz/Programming/Java (master)
$ git pull
There is no tracking information for the current branch.
Please specify which branch you want to merge with.
See git-pull(1) for details.

    git pull <remote> <branch>

If you wish to set tracking information for this branch you can do so with:

    git branch --set-upstream-to=origin/<branch> master


Muaz Aljarhi@MuazAljarhi-PC MINGW64 /f/muaz/Programming/Java (master)
$ git pull origin master --rebase
From https://github.com/SamuraiHub/Java
 * branch            master     -> FETCH_HEAD
First, rewinding head to replay your work on top of it...



Muaz Aljarhi@MuazAljarhi-PC MINGW64 /f/muaz/Programming/Java ((ec222e4...)|AM/REBASE)
$

Muaz Aljarhi@MuazAljarhi-PC MINGW64 /f/muaz/Programming/Java ((ec222e4...)|AM/REBASE)
$ git push -u origin master
fatal: HttpRequestException encountered.
   An error occurred while sending the request.
Username for 'https://github.com': Muaz.Al.Jarhi@Gmail.com
To https://github.com/SamuraiHub/Java.git
 ! [rejected]        master -> master (non-fast-forward)
error: failed to push some refs to 'https://github.com/SamuraiHub/Java.git'
hint: Updates were rejected because a pushed branch tip is behind its remote
hint: counterpart. Check out this branch and integrate the remote changes
hint: (e.g. 'git pull ...') before pushing again.
hint: See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details.

Muaz Aljarhi@MuazAljarhi-PC MINGW64 /f/muaz/Programming/Java ((ec222e4...)|AM/REBASE)
$ git checkout master
Checking out files: 100% (10551/10551), done.
Previous HEAD position was ec222e4... Initial commit
Switched to branch 'master'

Muaz Aljarhi@MuazAljarhi-PC MINGW64 /f/muaz/Programming/Java (master|AM/REBASE)
$ git push -u origin master
fatal: HttpRequestException encountered.
   An error occurred while sending the request.
Username for 'https://github.com': Muaz.Al.Jarhi@Gmail.com
To https://github.com/SamuraiHub/Java.git
 ! [rejected]        master -> master (non-fast-forward)
error: failed to push some refs to 'https://github.com/SamuraiHub/Java.git'
hint: Updates were rejected because the tip of your current branch is behind
hint: its remote counterpart. Integrate the remote changes (e.g.
hint: 'git pull ...') before pushing again.
hint: See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details.

Muaz Aljarhi@MuazAljarhi-PC MINGW64 /f/muaz/Programming/Java (master|AM/REBASE)
$

除了从网站上载并使用--force或-f选项以外，还有其他解决方法（我知道它可能不会在这里引起问题，但通常不应该使用它）？

Answer 1

在线存储库仅包含一个初始提交和一个自述文件

那是你的问题。 您的本地副本不包含该提交。

我可能会通过添加远程，获取origin/master ，将我的本地工作重新定位 （而不合并）在顶部，然后推送：

git remote add origin <url>
git fetch origin
git checkout master
git rebase origin/master
git push

当然，如果您希望合并也可以。 但是您有一个语法错误：

 $ git merge origin master merge: origin - not something we can merge 

您需要合并origin/master （一个命名远程跟踪引用的参数），而不是origin master （两个参数）。

您的git pull失败，因为没有master的跟踪信息：

 $ git pull There is no tracking information for the current branch. Please specify which branch you want to merge with. See git-pull(1) for details. git pull <remote> <branch> If you wish to set tracking information for this branch you can do so with: git branch --set-upstream-to=origin/<branch> master 

Git不知道要获取哪个远程分支并将其合并到本地master ，但是您可以使用git branch --set-upstream-to告诉它，如错误消息所示。

请确保阅读Git提供的错误消息。 它们可能有点密集，但是它们确实包含有用的信息。

除了从网站上载并使用--force或-f选项以外，还有其他解决方法（我知道它可能不会在这里引起问题，但通常不应该使用它）？

在这种情况下，如果您不希望GitHub创建的README，我认为强制推送不会有任何危害（尽管我建议先获取并使用--force-with-lease ，这样不太可能让您可能会不认识您）。