Laravel迁移：无法添加外键约束

Question

我试图通过Laravel Migrations将外键约束添加到我的数据库表中，但是我总是收到这样的错误：

Illuminate\Database\QueryException  :
SQLSTATE[HY000]: General error: 1215 Cannot add foreign key constraint
(SQL: alter table `tasks` add constraint `tasks_task_list_id_foreign` foreign key (`task_list_id`) references `task_lists` (`id`))

tasks表的迁移如下所示：

<?php

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;

class CreateTasksTable extends Migration
{
    /**
     * Run the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function up()
    {
        Schema::create('tasks', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->increments('id');
            $table->integer('user_id')->unsigned()->index();
            $table->integer('task_list_id')->unsigned()->index();
            $table->string('task');
            $table->timestamps();

            $table->foreign('user_id')->references('id')->on('users')->onDelete('cascade');
            $table->foreign('task_list_id')->references('id')->on('task_lists');
        });
    }

    /**
     * Reverse the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function down()
    {
        Schema::dropIfExists('tasks');
    }
}

这就是task_lists表：

<?php

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;

class CreateTaskListsTable extends Migration
{
    /**
     * Run the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function up()
    {
        Schema::create('task_lists', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->increments('id');
            $table->integer('user_id')->unsigned()->index();
            $table->string('name');
            $table->timestamps();

            $table->foreign('user_id')->references('id')->on('users')->onDelete('cascade');
        });
    }

    /**
     * Reverse the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function down()
    {
        Schema::dropIfExists('task_lists');
    }
}

我无法解决问题，非常感谢您提供任何帮助。

先感谢您！

Answer 1

您必须检查迁移顺序。 显然，您必须先执行de Users表迁移，然后再执行Tasks表迁移。 如果问题仍然存在，请尝试在up（）方法内部以及（Schemma :: create）之后进行如下操作：

    Schema::table('task_lists', function($table){
        $table->foreign('user_id')->references('id')->on('users')->onDelete('cascade');
    });