使用powershell在XML节点内设置属性

Question

我有一个Xml文件，其中包含如下所示的节点：

<Installation>
    <VersionData Type="Upgrade" 
    </VersionData>
    <DeploymentData>
        <DataFileGroup enable="True">
            <DataFileItem name="file2.exe.config" enable="True" installMode="Both" sourceFolder="C:\files\" distributionType="AddReplace" >
                <ItemTarget featureName="AppServer" targetPaths="$targetPath/folder3;"/>
                <ItemTarget featureName="WebServer" targetPaths="$targetPath/folder1;"/>
                <ItemTarget featureName="DBServer" targetPaths="$targetPath;"/>
            </DataFileItem>
        </DataFileGroup>
    </DeploymentData>
</Installation>

$xmlFile = "C:\work\myXML.xml"
$xml = [xml](Get-Content $xmlFile)  
$xml.Load($xmlFile)

首先，我需要获取featureName为DBServer的targetPaths的值。 然后我要更改的值：

ItemTarget featureName="DBServer" targetPaths="$targetPath;"   

至

ItemTarget featureName="DBServer" targetPaths="$targetPath;$concate_TargetPath"

Answer 1

首先，您需要通过更改来修复XML

<VersionData Type="Upgrade" 
</VersionData>

至

<VersionData Type="Upgrade" />

拥有有效的xml文件后，您可以执行以下操作来更新属性值：

$xmlFile = "C:\work\myXML.xml"
[xml]$xml = Get-Content $xmlFile -Raw

# find all nodes 'ItemTarget' with featureName 'DBServer'
$nodes =  $xml.SelectNodes("//ItemTarget[@featureName='DBServer']")
foreach ($node in $nodes) {
    # change the value of the 'targetPaths' attribute
    # because of the dollar signs, use single quotes here if this should be the literal value.
    # if you mean to have these values expanded from variables with these names, use double quotes
    $node.targetPaths = '$targetPath;$concate_TargetPath'
}

# save the changes to a new xml file
$xml.Save('C:\work\myXML_Updated.xml')

---

UPDATE：查找要使用XPath更新的节点

---

从您的评论中，我了解到的不仅仅是原始问题中的内容。

如果你只需要改变targetPaths属性为ItemTarget是在节点的节点DataFileItem其中有一个属性称为name和其值等于一个特定的值， 则 targetPaths属性需要通过添加新的路径， 如果改变该新路径尚不存在。 （我到目前为止是否正确？）

在这种情况下，请尝试以下操作：

 # this is the name attribute to search for the DataFileItem node $dataFileName = "file2.exe.config" # this is the path to add to the 'targetPaths' attribute if not already present $newPath = "SomeNewPathToAppend" $xmlFile = 'C:\\work\\myXML.xml' [xml]$xml = Get-Content $xmlFile -Raw # find all nodes 'ItemTarget' with featureName 'DBServer' within the 'DataFileItem' node that has attribute $dataFileName $nodes = $xml.SelectNodes("//DataFileItem[@name='$dataFileName']/ItemTarget[@featureName='DBServer']") foreach ($node in $nodes) { # split the current value by the semicolon and remove empty elements $paths = $node.targetPaths.Split(";", [System.StringSplitOptions]::RemoveEmptyEntries) # check if the $newPath is not already in this array if ($paths -notcontains $newPath) { # change the value of the 'targetPaths' attribute by adding the $newPath to it $paths += $newPath $node.targetPaths = "{0};" -f ($paths -join ';') } } # save the changes to a new xml file $xml.Save('C:\\work\\myXML_Updated.xml') 

---

更新：查找节点以不区分大小写方式更新

---

因为上面的代码使用区分大小写的XPath来查找要更新的节点，所以它无法处理应以不区分大小写的方式比较任何name或featureName的情况。

因此，这是一种新方法，可通过不区分大小写的比较为您提供要更新的项目：

 # this is the name attribute to search for the DataFileItem node $dataFileName = "file2.exe.config" # this is the path to add to the 'targetPaths' attribute if not already present $newPath = "SomeNewPathToAppend" $xmlFile = 'C:\\work\\myXML.xml' [xml]$xml = Get-Content $xmlFile -Raw # find all 'DataFileItem' nodes that have attribute 'name' equal to $dataFileName (case insensitive) $nodes = $xml.GetElementsByTagName("DataFileItem") | Where-Object { $_.name -eq $dataFileName } # or do it like this: # $nodes = $xml.ChildNodes.DeploymentData.DataFileGroup.DataFileItem | Where-Object { $_.name -eq $dataFileName } # within these 'DataFileItem' nodes, find all 'ItemTarget' elements where attribute 'featureName' equals "DBServer" (case insensitive) $nodes.ItemTarget | Where-Object { $_.featureName -eq "DBServer" } | ForEach-Object { # split the current value by the semicolon and remove empty elements $paths = $_.targetPaths.Split(";", [System.StringSplitOptions]::RemoveEmptyEntries) # check if the $newPath is not already in this array if ($paths -notcontains $newPath) { # change the value of the 'targetPaths' attribute by adding the $newPath to it $paths += $newPath $_.targetPaths = "{0};" -f ($paths -join ';') } } # save the changes to a new xml file $xml.Save('C:\\work\\myXML_Updated.xml')