“创建非聚集索引”，那是什么，我该如何做一个？

Question

我是SQL的新手，正在编写一个查询，在该查询中我从多个表中返回了很多采购订单信息。

我的查询运行缓慢，因此我四处搜寻，许多人建议研究执行计划。 所以我做到了，但是我不完全了解结果。

我的执行计划说

“缺少索引（Impact 99.8849）：在[dbo]上创建非索引索引[]。[容器]（[TrackingNumber]）包含（[ResolvedCarrierTrackingLink]

它正在谈论的表[dbo].[Container]加上了使我的查询从2 seconds变为7 seconds 。 很明显，这是正确的，并且此表存在某种问题。

如何创建该索引？ 这是我可以在查询中执行的操作吗？还是必须进入实际的表并在其中乱七八糟？ 这是我正在运行的特定查询的临时更改，还是永久更改？ 是否有很好的资源指南来理解执行计划的结果及其含义？

这是我的完整查询代码：

SELECT
    o.Customer_Purchase_Order_Number as Shopify_Num,
    o.Control_Number, 
    o.Date_Entered as AMT_Timestamp,
    CASE 
       WHEN p.PickTicket_Number IS NULL
          THEN ist.Stage_Code 
          ELSE pst.Stage_Code 
    END AMT_Stage,
    CASE 
       WHEN p.PickTicket_Number IS NULL
          THEN i.PickTicket_Number 
          ELSE p.PickTicket_Number 
    END PickTicket_Number,
    i.Invoice_Number,
    CASE 
       WHEN o.Order_Status = 30 THEN 'CANCELED' 
       WHEN o.Order_Status = 45 THEN 'SHIPPED' 
       WHEN o.Order_Status = 10 THEN 'NORMAL' 
       WHEN o.Order_Status = 20 THEN 'NORMAL' 
    END Order_Status, 
    od.Odet_Line_Number,
    od.Item_Number,
    st.Description,
    od.Color_Code,
    c.Color_Description,
    o.Order_Value AS Total_Price_Before_Discount, 
    od.Price * od.Quantity_Ordered AS Line_Price_Before_Discount, 
    od.Discount_Value, 
    od.Discount_Percentage, 
    od.Price * od.Quantity_Ordered-od.Discount_Value AS Line_Price_After_Discount,
    SUM(od.Price * od.Quantity_Ordered - od.Discount_Value) OVER (PARTITION BY o.control_number) AS Total_Price_After_Discount,
    od.Tax_Value, od.Tax_Percentage,
    od.Quantity_Ordered,
    od.Quantity_Allocated,
    od.Quantity_Invoiced,
    CASE 
       WHEN od.Line_Status = 90 THEN 'ALLOCATED'
       WHEN od.Line_Status = 80 THEN 'CANCELED' 
       WHEN od.Line_Status = 70 THEN 'SHIPPED' 
       WHEN od.Line_Status = 50 THEN 'NORMAL' 
    END Line_Status,
    CASE  
       WHEN sh.packslip IS NOT NULL
          THEN 'SHIPPED & UPLOADED' 
          ELSE z.status 
    END Accellos_Status,
    CASE 
       WHEN sh.packslip IS NULL
          THEN ph.Date_modfy 
          ELSE sh.Date_modfy 
    END Accellos_Timestamp,  
    o.Warehouse_Code,
    b.UPS_Tracking_Number Tracking_Number, 
    CASE 
       WHEN sh.packslip IS NULL 
          THEN ph.ship_name 
          ELSE sh.SHIP_NAME 
    END Customer_Name,
    CASE 
       WHEN sh.packslip IS NULL 
          THEN ph.SHIP_ADD1 
          ELSE sh.SHIP_ADD1 
    END Customer_Addr, 
    CASE 
       WHEN sh.packslip IS NULL 
          THEN ph.SHIP_ADD2 
          ELSE sh.SHIP_ADD2 
    END Customer_Addr2, 
    CASE 
       WHEN sh.packslip IS NULL 
          THEN ph.SHIP_CITY 
          ELSE sh.SHIP_CITY 
    END Customer_City, 
    case when sh.packslip is null then ph.SHIP_PROV else sh.SHIP_PROV end Customer_State, 
    case when sh.packslip is null then ph.SHIP_ZIP else sh.SHIP_ZIP end Customer_Zip,  

    o.Ship_Via_Code,
    case when sh.packslip is null then ph.SHIP_VIA else sh.SHIP_VIA end Ship_Via,   
    sv.Description_1 as Ship_Descrp,
    case when sh.packslip is null then ph.SHIP_SERVC else sh.SHIP_SERVC end Ship_Service,  
    case when sh.packslip is null then ph.SERVICE else sh.SERVICE end Service_Descrp,  
    case when sh.packslip is null then ph.SHIP_NUM else sh.SHIP_NUM end Ship_Num,  
    case when sh.packslip is null then ph.COST_SHIP else sh.COST_SHIP end Ship_Cost,
    SUM(od.Freight_Charges) OVER(PARTITION BY o.control_number) AS Shipping_Cost_To_Customer,  
    case when sh.packslip is null then ph.SHIP_WGHT else sh.SHIP_WGHT end Ship_Weight,
    cont.ResolvedCarrierTrackingLink
FROM
    [JMNYC-AMTDB].[AMTPLUS].[dbo].Orders o (nolock)
JOIN
    [JMNYC-AMTDB].[AMTPLUS].[dbo].Order_Detail od (nolock) ON o.Company_Code = od.Company_Code 
                                                           AND o.Division_Code = od.Division_Code 
                                                           AND o.Control_Number  = od.Control_Number
LEFT JOIN
    [JMNYC-AMTDB].[AMTPLUS].[dbo].PickTickets P (nolock) ON o.Company_Code = p.Company_Code 
                                                         AND o.Division_Code = p.Division_Code 
                                                         AND o.Control_Number = p.Control_Number
LEFT JOIN
    [JMNYC-AMTDB].[AMTPLUS].[dbo].Invoices i (nolock) ON o.Company_Code = i.Company_Code 
                                                      AND o.Division_Code = i.Division_Code 
                                                      AND o.Control_Number = i.Control_Number
LEFT JOIN
   [JMNYC-AMTDB].[AMTPLUS].[dbo].box b (nolock) ON o.Company_Code = b.Company_Code 
                                                AND o.Division_Code = b.Division_Code 
                                                AND i.PickTicket_Number = b.PickTicket_Number
LEFT JOIN
    [JMNYC-AMTDB].[AMTPLUS].[dbo].Invoices_Stage ist (nolock) ON o.Company_Code = ist.Company_Code  
                                                AND o.Division_Code = ist.Division_Code 
                                                AND i.Invoice_Number = ist.Invoice_Number
LEFT JOIN 
    [JMNYC-AMTDB].[AMTPLUS].[dbo].PickTickets_Stage pst (nolock) on o.Company_Code=pst.Company_Code and o.Division_Code=pst.Division_Code and p.PickTicket_Number=pst.PickTicket_Number
LEFT JOIN
    [JMNYC-AMTDB].[AMTPLUS].[dbo].Color c (nolock) on od.Color_Code = c.Color_Code
LEFT JOIN
    [JMNYC-AMTDB].[AMTPLUS].[dbo].Style st (nolock) on o.Company_Code=st.Company_Code and o.Division_Code=st.Division_Code and od.item_number=st.item_number and c.color_code = st.color_code 
LEFT JOIN 
    [JMNYC-AMTDB].[AMTPLUS].[dbo].Ship_Via_File sv (nolock) on o.ship_via_code = sv.ship_via_code
LEFT JOIN
    pickhead ph (nolock) ON p.PickTicket_Number = ph.packslip
LEFT JOIN
    Z_Status z ON ph.PROCSTEP = z.procstep
LEFT JOIN 
    SHIPHIST sh (nolock) ON o.Customer_Purchase_Order_Number = sh.cust_po
LEFT JOIN
    [A1Ship].[dbo].Container cont ON cont.TrackingNumber = b.UPS_Tracking_Number
WHERE 
    CONCAT((o.Company_Code), (o.Division_Code)) = '03001' 
    AND o.Customer_Number = 'ecom2x'
    AND o.Customer_Purchase_Order_Number = '3124188'

Answer 1

那是什么？

您确实应该对索引进行一些研究，但是从根本上说，它们倾向于使某些查询更快，同时减慢更新，插入和删除的速度。

如何做一个？

至少在最新版本的SSMS中，您可以右键单击该消息，然后选择“缺少索引详细信息”，这将打开脚本编辑器窗口。 您可以编辑索引的名称。 例如，您发布的索引如下所示：

 CREATE NONCLUSTERED INDEX [IX_Container_TrackingNumber_INC_ResolvedCarrierTrackingLink] 
   ON [dbo].[Container] ([TrackingNumber]) 
   INCLUDE ([ResolvedCarrierTrackingLink])

您可以执行此tsql代码来创建索引。 根据您的组织，您可能需要向您的登录名/用户添加权限才能执行此操作，还可能需要OPS或DBA团队的批准。