Apache POI - 读取由TEXT（）公式格式化的单元格
[英]Apache POI - Read a cell formatted by TEXT() formula
问题描述
我有一个包含日期的EXCEL文件。 它们被格式化为TEXT，例如： =TEXT(TODAY(); "yyyy-MM-dd")
在EXCEL中，日期被正确格式化为文本，但是当我使用Apache POI读取单元格时，它将返回数值。 为什么？ 为什么POI没有读取格式化的文本值？
我不想在JAVA应用程序中格式化日期，因为EXCEL文件应该定义格式（每个值可能不同）。
这是我读取单元格值的代码：
private static String getString(Cell cell) {
if (cell == null) return null;
if (cell.getCellTypeEnum() != CellType.FORMULA) {
switch (cell.getCellTypeEnum()) {
case STRING:
return cell.getStringCellValue().trim();
case BOOLEAN:
return String.valueOf(cell.getBooleanCellValue());
case NUMERIC:
return String.valueOf(cell.getNumericCellValue());
case BLANK:
return null;
case ERROR:
throw new RuntimeException(ErrorEval.getText(cell.getErrorCellValue()));
default:
throw new RuntimeException("unexpected cell type " + cell.getCellTypeEnum());
}
}
FormulaEvaluator evaluator = cell.getSheet().getWorkbook().getCreationHelper().createFormulaEvaluator();
try {
CellValue cellValue = evaluator.evaluate(cell);
switch (cellValue.getCellTypeEnum()) {
case NUMERIC:
return String.valueOf(cellValue.getNumberValue());
case STRING:
return cellValue.getStringValue().trim();
case BOOLEAN:
return String.valueOf(cellValue.getBooleanValue());
case ERROR:
throw new RuntimeException(ErrorEval.getText(cellValue.getErrorValue()));
default:
throw new RuntimeException("unexpected
cell type " + cellValue.getCellTypeEnum());
}
} catch (RuntimeException e) {
throw new RuntimeException("Could not evaluate the value of " + cell.getAddress() + " in sheet " + cell.getSheet().getSheetName(), e);
}
}
2 个解决方案
解决方案1
2 已采纳 2019-01-11 14:51:40
如果使用的Excel不是英语，则只会出现此问题。 然后公式不是真正的=TEXT(A2,"yyyy-MM-dd") ，例如我的德国Excel =TEXT(A2,"JJJJ-MM-TT") 。
如您所见， TEXT函数中的格式部分始终依赖于语言环境，尽管所有其他公式部分始终是en_US语言环境。 这是因为该格式部分位于公式中的字符串中，不会更改。 所以在德语中它是=TEXT(A2,"JJJJ-MM-TT") （年= Jahr，Day = Tag），而在法语中它是=TEXT(A2,"AAAA-MM-JJ") （年=Année， Day = Jour）。
而且因为apache poi的FormulaEvaluator还没有语言环境设置，所以无法正确评估该公式。
然后我们有两种可能性。
首先，我们希望存储的单元格值应该是所需的字符串。 因此，如果单元格公式以“TEXT”开头并包含“JJJJ-MM-TT”，则不进行评估，因为这样做不正确。 而是从Excel的上一次评估中获取字符串单元格值。
其次，我们可以用公式中的en_US替换依赖于语言环境的格式部分，然后让apache poi进行评估。 至少如果我们只想读取而不是重写Excel文件，这不会破坏Excel文件中的某些内容。
代码第一种方法：
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.*;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.CellType;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.*;
import org.apache.poi.ss.formula.eval.ErrorEval;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
class ReadExcelExample {
private static String getString(Cell cell, FormulaEvaluator evaluator) {
if (cell == null) return "null";
String text = "";
switch (cell.getCellType()) {
//switch (cell.getCellTypeEnum()) {
case STRING:
text = cell.getRichStringCellValue().getString();
break;
case NUMERIC:
if (DateUtil.isCellDateFormatted(cell)) {
text = String.valueOf(cell.getDateCellValue());
} else {
text = String.valueOf(cell.getNumericCellValue());
}
break;
case BOOLEAN:
text = String.valueOf(cell.getBooleanCellValue());
break;
case FORMULA:
text = cell.getCellFormula();
//if formula is TEXT(...,"JJJJ-MM-TT") then do not evaluating:
if (cell.getCellFormula().startsWith("TEXT") && cell.getCellFormula().contains("JJJJ-MM-TT")) {
text = text + ": value got from cell = " + cell.getRichStringCellValue().getString();
} else {
CellValue cellValue = evaluator.evaluate(cell);
switch (cellValue.getCellType()) {
//switch (cellValue.getCellTypeEnum()) {
case STRING:
text = text + ": " + cellValue.getStringValue();
break;
case NUMERIC:
if (DateUtil.isCellDateFormatted(cell)) {
text = text + ": " + String.valueOf(DateUtil.getJavaDate(cellValue.getNumberValue()));
} else {
text = text + ": " + String.valueOf(cellValue.getNumberValue());
}
break;
case BOOLEAN:
text = text + ": " + String.valueOf(cellValue.getBooleanValue());
break;
case ERROR:
throw new RuntimeException("from CellValue: " + ErrorEval.getText(cellValue.getErrorValue()));
default:
throw new RuntimeException("unexpected cellValue type " + cellValue.getCellType());
}
}
break;
case ERROR:
throw new RuntimeException("from Cell: " + ErrorEval.getText(cell.getErrorCellValue()));
case BLANK:
text = "";
break;
default:
throw new RuntimeException("unexpected cell type " + cell.getCellType());
}
return text;
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
//Workbook wb = WorkbookFactory.create(new FileInputStream("SAMPLE.xls"));
Workbook wb = WorkbookFactory.create(new FileInputStream("SAMPLE.xlsx"));
DataFormatter formatter = new DataFormatter(new java.util.Locale("en", "US"));
FormulaEvaluator evaluator = wb.getCreationHelper().createFormulaEvaluator();
Sheet sheet = wb.getSheetAt(0);
for (Row row : sheet) {
for (Cell cell : row) {
CellReference cellRef = new CellReference(row.getRowNum(), cell.getColumnIndex());
System.out.print(cellRef.formatAsString());
System.out.print(" - ");
String text = "";
try {
text = getString(cell, evaluator);
} catch (Exception ex) {
text = ex.toString();
}
System.out.println(text);
}
}
wb.close();
}
}
德国Excel：
结果：
A1 - Value
B1 - Formula
A2 - Fri Jan 11 00:00:00 CET 2019
B2 - TEXT(A2,"JJJJ-MM-TT"): value got from cell = 2019-01-11
A3 - 123.45
B3 - A3*2: 246.9
B4 - java.lang.RuntimeException: from CellValue: #DIV/0!
B5 - TODAY(): Fri Jan 11 00:00:00 CET 2019
B6 - B5=A2: true
A7 - java.lang.RuntimeException: from CellValue: #N/A
B8 - TEXT(TODAY(),"JJJJ-MM-TT"): value got from cell = 2019-01-11
英文计算：
结果：
A1 - Value
B1 - Formula
A2 - Fri Jan 11 00:00:00 CET 2019
B2 - TEXT(A2,"yyyy-MM-dd"): 2019-01-11
A3 - 123.45
B3 - A3*2: 246.9
B4 - java.lang.RuntimeException: from CellValue: #DIV/0!
B5 - TODAY(): Fri Jan 11 00:00:00 CET 2019
B6 - B5=A2: true
A7 - java.lang.RuntimeException: from CellValue: #N/A
B8 - TEXT(TODAY(),"yyyy-MM-dd"): 2019-01-11
代码第二种方法（用en_US代替依赖于语言环境的格式部分）：
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.*;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.CellType;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.*;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.util.Locale;
class ExcelEvaluateTEXTDiffLocales {
private static String getString(Cell cell, DataFormatter formatter, FormulaEvaluator evaluator, Locale locale) {
String text = "";
if (cell.getCellType() == CellType.FORMULA) {
String cellFormula = cell.getCellFormula();
text += cellFormula + ":= ";
if (cellFormula.startsWith("TEXT")) {
int startFormatPart = cellFormula.indexOf('"');
int endFormatPart = cellFormula.lastIndexOf('"') + 1;
String formatPartOld = cellFormula.substring(startFormatPart, endFormatPart);
String formatPartNew = formatPartOld;
if ("de".equals(locale.getLanguage())) {
formatPartNew = formatPartNew.replace("T", "D"); // Tag = Day
// Monat = Month
formatPartNew = formatPartNew.replace("J", "Y"); // Jahr = Year
//...
} else if ("fr".equals(locale.getLanguage())) {
formatPartNew = formatPartNew.replace("J", "D"); // Jour = Day
// Mois = Month
formatPartNew = formatPartNew.replace("A", "Y"); // Année = Year
//...
} //...
cellFormula = cellFormula.replace(formatPartOld, formatPartNew);
cell.setCellFormula(cellFormula);
}
}
try {
text += formatter.formatCellValue(cell, evaluator);
} catch (org.apache.poi.ss.formula.eval.NotImplementedException ex) {
text += ex.toString();
}
return text;
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
//Workbook wb = WorkbookFactory.create(new FileInputStream("SAMPLE.xls"));
Workbook wb = WorkbookFactory.create(new FileInputStream("SAMPLE.xlsx"));
Locale locale = new Locale("fr", "CH");
DataFormatter formatter = new DataFormatter(locale);
FormulaEvaluator evaluator = wb.getCreationHelper().createFormulaEvaluator();
Sheet sheet = wb.getSheetAt(0);
for (Row row : sheet) {
for (Cell cell : row) {
CellReference cellRef = new CellReference(row.getRowNum(), cell.getColumnIndex());
System.out.print(cellRef.formatAsString());
System.out.print(" - ");
String text = "";
text = getString(cell, formatter, evaluator, locale);
System.out.println(text);
}
}
wb.close();
}
}
法国计算：
结果：
A1 - Value
B1 - Formula
A2 - 1/11/2019
B2 - TEXT(A2,"AAAA-MM-JJ"):= 2019-01-11
A3 - 123.45
B3 - A3*2:= 246.9
B4 - 1/A4:= #DIV/0!
B5 - TODAY():= 1/12/2019
B6 - B5=A2:= FALSE
A7 - NA():= #N/A
B8 - TEXT(TODAY(),"AAAA-MM-JJ"):= 2019-01-12
提示：这里使用的apache poi版本是4.0.1 。 也许较低版本可能会有进一步的评估问题
解决方案2
0 2019-01-13 07:41:40
为org / apache / poi / ss / formula / functions / TextFunction.java提供补丁
当然，我的第一个答案只是纠正症状。 最终解决方案显然应该是评估TEXT函数应该考虑不同的区域设置。
工作草案：
更改了org/apache/poi/ss/formula/functions/TextFunction.java ，如下所示：
...
/**
* An implementation of the TEXT function<br>
* TEXT returns a number value formatted with the given number formatting string.
* This function is not a complete implementation of the Excel function, but
* handles most of the common cases. All work is passed down to
* {@link DataFormatter} to be done, as this works much the same as the
* display focused work that that does.
*
* <b>Syntax<b>:<br> <b>TEXT</b>(<b>value</b>, <b>format_text</b>)<br>
*/
public static final Function TEXT = new Fixed2ArgFunction() {
public ValueEval evaluate(int srcRowIndex, int srcColumnIndex, ValueEval arg0, ValueEval arg1) {
double s0;
String s1;
try {
s0 = evaluateDoubleArg(arg0, srcRowIndex, srcColumnIndex);
s1 = evaluateStringArg(arg1, srcRowIndex, srcColumnIndex);
} catch (EvaluationException e) {
return e.getErrorEval();
}
try {
// Correct locale dependent format strings
Locale locale = org.apache.poi.util.LocaleUtil.getUserLocale();
if ("de".equals(locale.getLanguage())) {
s1 = s1.replace("T", "D"); // Tag = Day
// Monat = Month
s1 = s1.replace("J", "Y"); // Jahr = Year
//... further replacements
} else if ("fr".equals(locale.getLanguage())) {
s1 = s1.replace("J", "D"); // Jour = Day
// Mois = Month
s1 = s1.replace("A", "Y"); // Année = Year
//... further replacements
} //... further languages
// Ask DataFormatter to handle the String for us
String formattedStr = formatter.formatRawCellContents(s0, -1, s1);
return new StringEval(formattedStr);
} catch (Exception e) {
return ErrorEval.VALUE_INVALID;
}
}
};
...
然后获取内容如下：
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.*;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.CellType;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.*;
import org.apache.poi.util.LocaleUtil;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.util.Locale;
class ExcelEvaluateDiffLocales {
private static String getString(Cell cell, DataFormatter formatter, FormulaEvaluator evaluator) {
String text = "";
if (cell.getCellType() == CellType.FORMULA) {
String cellFormula = cell.getCellFormula();
text += cellFormula + ":= ";
}
try {
text += formatter.formatCellValue(cell, evaluator);
} catch (org.apache.poi.ss.formula.eval.NotImplementedException ex) {
text += ex.toString();
}
return text;
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
//Workbook wb = WorkbookFactory.create(new FileInputStream("SAMPLE.xls"));
Workbook wb = WorkbookFactory.create(new FileInputStream("SAMPLE.xlsx"));
Locale locale = new Locale("fr", "FR");
LocaleUtil.setUserLocale(locale);
DataFormatter formatter = new DataFormatter();
FormulaEvaluator evaluator = wb.getCreationHelper().createFormulaEvaluator();
Sheet sheet = wb.getSheetAt(0);
for (Row row : sheet) {
for (Cell cell : row) {
CellReference cellRef = new CellReference(row.getRowNum(), cell.getColumnIndex());
System.out.print(cellRef.formatAsString());
System.out.print(" - ");
String text = "";
text = getString(cell, formatter, evaluator);
System.out.println(text);
}
}
wb.close();
}
}
如何使用apache poi从公式单元格中读取单元格值
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