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如何使用JavaScript访问JSON数据中嵌套数组中的特定元素?

[英]How to access a specific element in nested array in JSON data using JavaScript?

我有JSON数据,其结构如下。 意图是查找特定的数据点,例如年利润,即5000。

我想通过按名称查找列(例如“ profit”),确定列索引(在示例中为3),然后使用列索引选择第二个节点中的第n个(第3个)元素(“年度”)来完成此操作)的“数据”数组。

如何使用Javascript中的findIndex()函数做到这一点(请参见下面代码的关键部分)?

JSON数据:

 { "datatable": { "data": [ [ "AAPL", "quarterly", 1000, 2000 ], [ "AAPL", "annual", 5000, 10000 ] ], "columns": [{ "name": "ticker" "type": "String" }, { "name": "timedim" "type": "String" }, { "name": "profit", "type": "Integer" }, { "name": "revenue", "type": "Integer" } ] } } 

JavaScript代码:

  // daten contains the "data" array of the JSON dataset // spalten contains the "columns" array of the JSON dataset var i = spalten.findIndex(obj => obj.name == "profit"); output += '<p>Annual profit AAPL: ' + daten[i] + '</p>'; elroot.innerHTML += output; 

根据您提供的JSON结构,以下方法将起作用。 如果您想基于参数获得特定利润,编写函数会很好。

  var output = ""
  function getProfit(type="annual", column=2) {
    var arrForType = yourData.datatable.data.find(arr => arr.indexOf(type) !== -1);
    return arrForType[column];
  }

  var i = yourData.datatable.columns.findIndex(obj => obj.name == "profit");
  output += '<p>Annual profit AAPL: ' + getProfit("annual", i) + '</p>';
  document.body.innerHTML += output;

您具有2-dimensional数组,因此,需要两个索引:

const json = {
  "datatable": {
    "data": [
      [
        "AAPL",
        "quarterly",
        1000,
        2000
      ],
      [
        "AAPL",
        "annual",
        5000,
        10000
      ]
    ],
    "columns": [{
        "name": "ticker",
        "type": "String"
      },
      {
        "name": "timedim",
        "type": "String"
      },
      {
        "name": "profit",
        "type": "Integer"
      },
      {
        "name": "revenue",
        "type": "Integer"
      }
    ]
  }
}
var profitIndex = json.datatable.columns.findIndex(item => item.name == 'profit');
var annualIndex = json.datatable.data.findIndex(array => array.indexOf('annual') > -1);
var annualProfit = json.datatable.data[annualIndex][profitIndex];

如果需要一个功能,它可能如下所示:

var getValueFromJson = function (json, columnName, dataMarker) {
    var columnIndex = json.datatable.columns.findIndex(item => item.name == columnName);
    var dataMarkerIndex = json.datatable.data.findIndex(array => array.indexOf(dataMarker) > -1);
    if (columnIndex < 0 || dataMarkerIndex < 0) {
        return null;
    }
    return json.datatable.data[dataMarkerIndex][columnIndex];
}

console.log(getValueFromJson(json, 'profit', 'quarterly'));
console.log(getValueFromJson(json, 'profit', 'annual'));
console.log(getValueFromJson(json, 'revenue', 'quarterly'));
console.log(getValueFromJson(json, 'revenue', 'annual'));

上面的代码打印:

> 1000
> 5000
> 2000
> 10000

这是基本思想,如果您显然需要扩展,则需要以一种更好的方式进行。

let output = '';

// Searches the desired index (refactor as needed)
const index = spalten.findIndex(obj => obj.name == "profit")

// Extract all the profits (if you dont need all just select the desired one)
daten.map(item => output += `<p>${item[1]} profit ${item[0]}: ${item[index]}</p>`)

您不需要findIndex只需使用findincludes就像这样:

 const data = { "datatable": { "data": [ [ "AAPL", "quarterly", 1000, 2000 ], [ "AAPL", "annual", 5000, 10000 ] ], "columns": [{ "name": "ticker", "type": "String" }, { "name": "timedim", "type": "String" }, { "name": "profit", "type": "Integer" }, { "name": "revenue", "type": "Integer" } ] } }; function findValue(type) { return data.datatable.data.find(e => e.includes(type))[2]; } console.log(findValue("annual")); console.log(findValue("quarterly")); 

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