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C# - 捕获鼠标光标图像

[英]C# - Capturing the Mouse cursor image

背景

我的问题

  • 当鼠标光标是普通指针或手形图标时,代码工作正常 - 鼠标在屏幕截图上正确呈现
  • 但是,当鼠标光标变为插入点(“I-beam”光标)时 - 例如键入NOTEPAD - 然后代码不起作用 - 结果是我得到了一个模糊的光标图像 - 就像一个非常半透明(灰色)版本,而不是空白和白色的预期。

我的问题

  • 当图像是这些“I-beam”类型图像之一时,如何捕获鼠标光标图像
  • 注意:如果您点击原始文章,有人提出建议 - 它不起作用

资源

这是来自原始文章。

    static Bitmap CaptureCursor(ref int x, ref int y)
    {
        Bitmap bmp;
        IntPtr hicon;
        Win32Stuff.CURSORINFO ci = new Win32Stuff.CURSORINFO();
        Win32Stuff.ICONINFO icInfo;
        ci.cbSize = Marshal.SizeOf(ci);
        if (Win32Stuff.GetCursorInfo(out ci))
        {
            if (ci.flags == Win32Stuff.CURSOR_SHOWING)
            {
                hicon = Win32Stuff.CopyIcon(ci.hCursor);
                if (Win32Stuff.GetIconInfo(hicon, out icInfo))
                {
                    x = ci.ptScreenPos.x - ((int)icInfo.xHotspot);
                    y = ci.ptScreenPos.y - ((int)icInfo.yHotspot);

                    Icon ic = Icon.FromHandle(hicon);
                    bmp = ic.ToBitmap(); 
                    return bmp;
                }
            }
        }

        return null;
    }

虽然我无法解释为什么会发生这种情况,但我想我可以展示如何解决这个问题。

ICONINFO结构包含两个成员hbmMask和hbmColor,它们分别包含光标的掩码和颜色位图(有关官方文档,请参阅ICONINFO的MSDN页面)。

当您为默认光标调用GetIconInfo()时,ICONINFO结构包含有效的掩码和颜色位图,如下所示(注意:已添加红色边框以清楚地显示图像边界):

默认光标掩码位图 默认光标掩码位图图像

默认光标颜色位图 默认光标颜色位图图像

当Windows绘制默认光标时,首先使用AND光栅操作应用蒙版位图,然后使用XOR光栅操作应用颜色位图。 这导致不透明的光标和透明背景。

但是,当你为I-Beam光标调用GetIconInfo()时,ICONINFO结构只包含一个有效的掩码位图,而没有颜色位图,如下所示(注意:再次添加红色边框以清楚地显示图像边界) ):

I-Beam光标掩码位图 ibeam光标掩码位图图像

根据ICONINFO文档,I-Beam光标是单色光标。 掩码位图的上半部分是AND掩码,掩码位图的下半部分是XOR位图。 当Windows绘制I-Beam光标时,首先使用AND光栅操作在桌面上绘制此位图的上半部分。 然后使用XOR光栅操作在顶部绘制位图的下半部分。 屏幕,光标将显示为其背后内容的反转。

您链接的原始文章的评论之一提到了这一点。 在桌面上,由于光栅操作应用于桌面内容,因此光标将显示正确。 但是,如果图像是在没有背景的情况下绘制的,就像在发布的代码中一样,Windows执行的光栅操作会导致图像褪色。

话虽这么说,这个更新的CaptureCursor()方法将处理彩色和单色光标,当光标是单色时提供纯黑色光标图像。

static Bitmap CaptureCursor(ref int x, ref int y)
{
  Win32Stuff.CURSORINFO cursorInfo = new Win32Stuff.CURSORINFO();
  cursorInfo.cbSize = Marshal.SizeOf(cursorInfo);
  if (!Win32Stuff.GetCursorInfo(out cursorInfo))
    return null;

  if (cursorInfo.flags != Win32Stuff.CURSOR_SHOWING)
    return null;

  IntPtr hicon = Win32Stuff.CopyIcon(cursorInfo.hCursor);
  if (hicon == IntPtr.Zero)
    return null;

  Win32Stuff.ICONINFO iconInfo;
  if (!Win32Stuff.GetIconInfo(hicon, out iconInfo))
    return null;

  x = cursorInfo.ptScreenPos.x - ((int)iconInfo.xHotspot);
  y = cursorInfo.ptScreenPos.y - ((int)iconInfo.yHotspot);

  using (Bitmap maskBitmap = Bitmap.FromHbitmap(iconInfo.hbmMask))
  {
    // Is this a monochrome cursor?
    if (maskBitmap.Height == maskBitmap.Width * 2)
    {
      Bitmap resultBitmap = new Bitmap(maskBitmap.Width, maskBitmap.Width);

      Graphics desktopGraphics = Graphics.FromHwnd(Win32Stuff.GetDesktopWindow());
      IntPtr desktopHdc = desktopGraphics.GetHdc();

      IntPtr maskHdc = Win32Stuff.CreateCompatibleDC(desktopHdc);
      IntPtr oldPtr = Win32Stuff.SelectObject(maskHdc, maskBitmap.GetHbitmap());

      using (Graphics resultGraphics = Graphics.FromImage(resultBitmap))
      {
        IntPtr resultHdc = resultGraphics.GetHdc();

        // These two operation will result in a black cursor over a white background.
        // Later in the code, a call to MakeTransparent() will get rid of the white background.
        Win32Stuff.BitBlt(resultHdc, 0, 0, 32, 32, maskHdc, 0, 32, Win32Stuff.TernaryRasterOperations.SRCCOPY);
        Win32Stuff.BitBlt(resultHdc, 0, 0, 32, 32, maskHdc, 0, 0, Win32Stuff.TernaryRasterOperations.SRCINVERT);

        resultGraphics.ReleaseHdc(resultHdc);
      }

      IntPtr newPtr = Win32Stuff.SelectObject(maskHdc, oldPtr);
      Win32Stuff.DeleteObject(newPtr);
      Win32Stuff.DeleteDC(maskHdc);
      desktopGraphics.ReleaseHdc(desktopHdc);

      // Remove the white background from the BitBlt calls,
      // resulting in a black cursor over a transparent background.
      resultBitmap.MakeTransparent(Color.White);
      return resultBitmap;
    }
  }

  Icon icon = Icon.FromHandle(hicon);
  return icon.ToBitmap();
}

代码存在一些问题,可能是也可能不是问题。

  1. 检查单色光标只是测试高度是否是宽度的两倍。 虽然这似乎合乎逻辑,但ICONINFO文档并未强制要求仅定义单色光标。
  2. 可能有一种更好的方法来渲染光标,即我使用的方法调用的BitBlt() - BitBlt() - MakeTransparent()组合。
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
struct CURSORINFO
{
    public Int32 cbSize;
    public Int32 flags;
    public IntPtr hCursor;
    public POINTAPI ptScreenPos;
}

[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
struct POINTAPI
{
    public int x;
    public int y;
}

[DllImport("user32.dll")]
static extern bool GetCursorInfo(out CURSORINFO pci);

[DllImport("user32.dll")]
static extern bool DrawIcon(IntPtr hDC, int X, int Y, IntPtr hIcon);

const Int32 CURSOR_SHOWING = 0x00000001;

public static Bitmap CaptureScreen(bool CaptureMouse)
{
    Bitmap result = new Bitmap(Screen.PrimaryScreen.Bounds.Width, Screen.PrimaryScreen.Bounds.Height, PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb);

    try
    {
        using (Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(result))
        {
            g.CopyFromScreen(0, 0, 0, 0, Screen.PrimaryScreen.Bounds.Size, CopyPixelOperation.SourceCopy);

            if (CaptureMouse)
            {
                CURSORINFO pci;
                pci.cbSize = System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(CURSORINFO));

                if (GetCursorInfo(out pci))
                {
                    if (pci.flags == CURSOR_SHOWING)
                    {
                        DrawIcon(g.GetHdc(), pci.ptScreenPos.x, pci.ptScreenPos.y, pci.hCursor);
                        g.ReleaseHdc();
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
    catch
    {
        result = null;
    }

    return result;
}

这是Dimitar的响应的修改版本(使用DrawIconEx),它在多个屏幕上为我工作:

public class ScreenCapturePInvoke
{
    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
    private struct CURSORINFO
    {
        public Int32 cbSize;
        public Int32 flags;
        public IntPtr hCursor;
        public POINTAPI ptScreenPos;
    }

    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
    private struct POINTAPI
    {
        public int x;
        public int y;
    }

    [DllImport("user32.dll")]
    private static extern bool GetCursorInfo(out CURSORINFO pci);

    [DllImport("user32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
    static extern bool DrawIconEx(IntPtr hdc, int xLeft, int yTop, IntPtr hIcon, int cxWidth, int cyHeight, int istepIfAniCur, IntPtr hbrFlickerFreeDraw, int diFlags);

    private const Int32 CURSOR_SHOWING = 0x0001;
    private const Int32 DI_NORMAL = 0x0003;

    public static Bitmap CaptureFullScreen(bool captureMouse)
    {
        var allBounds = Screen.AllScreens.Select(s => s.Bounds).ToArray();
        Rectangle bounds = Rectangle.FromLTRB(allBounds.Min(b => b.Left), allBounds.Min(b => b.Top), allBounds.Max(b => b.Right), allBounds.Max(b => b.Bottom));

        var bitmap = CaptureScreen(bounds, captureMouse);
        return bitmap;
    }

    public static Bitmap CapturePrimaryScreen(bool captureMouse)
    {
        Rectangle bounds = Screen.PrimaryScreen.Bounds;

        var bitmap = CaptureScreen(bounds, captureMouse);
        return bitmap;
    }

    public static Bitmap CaptureScreen(Rectangle bounds, bool captureMouse)
    {
        Bitmap result = new Bitmap(bounds.Width, bounds.Height);

        try
        {
            using (Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(result))
            {
                g.CopyFromScreen(bounds.Location, Point.Empty, bounds.Size);

                if (captureMouse)
                {
                    CURSORINFO pci;
                    pci.cbSize = Marshal.SizeOf(typeof (CURSORINFO));

                    if (GetCursorInfo(out pci))
                    {
                        if (pci.flags == CURSOR_SHOWING)
                        {
                            var hdc = g.GetHdc();
                            DrawIconEx(hdc, pci.ptScreenPos.x-bounds.X, pci.ptScreenPos.y-bounds.Y, pci.hCursor, 0, 0, 0, IntPtr.Zero, DI_NORMAL);
                            g.ReleaseHdc();
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        catch
        {
            result = null;
        }

        return result;
    }
}

根据其他答案,我制作了一个没有所有Windows API内容的版本(单色部分),因为这些解决方案并不适用于所有单色游标。 我通过组合两个蒙版部分从蒙版创建光标。

我的解决方案

Bitmap CaptureCursor(ref Point position)
{
   CURSORINFO cursorInfo = new CURSORINFO();
   cursorInfo.cbSize = Marshal.SizeOf(cursorInfo);
   if (!GetCursorInfo(out cursorInfo))
      return null;

   if (cursorInfo.flags != CURSOR_SHOWING)
      return null;

   IntPtr hicon = CopyIcon(cursorInfo.hCursor);
   if (hicon == IntPtr.Zero)
      return null;

   ICONINFO iconInfo;
   if (!GetIconInfo(hicon, out iconInfo))
      return null;

   position.X = cursorInfo.ptScreenPos.x - iconInfo.xHotspot;
   position.Y = cursorInfo.ptScreenPos.y - iconInfo.yHotspot;

   using (Bitmap maskBitmap = Bitmap.FromHbitmap(iconInfo.hbmMask))
   {
      // check for monochrome cursor
      if (maskBitmap.Height == maskBitmap.Width * 2)
      {
         Bitmap cursor = new Bitmap(32, 32, PixelFormat.Format32bppArgb);
         Color BLACK = Color.FromArgb(255, 0, 0, 0); //cannot compare Color.Black because of different names
         Color WHITE = Color.FromArgb(255, 255, 255, 255); //cannot compare Color.White because of different names
         for (int y = 0; y < 32; y++)
         {
            for (int x = 0; x < 32; x++)
            {
               Color maskPixel = maskBitmap.GetPixel(x, y);
               Color cursorPixel = maskBitmap.GetPixel(x, y + 32);
               if (maskPixel == WHITE && cursorPixel == BLACK)
               {
                  cursor.SetPixel(x, y, Color.Transparent);
               }
               else if (maskPixel == BLACK)
               {
                  cursor.SetPixel(x, y, cursorPixel);
               }
               else
               {
                  cursor.SetPixel(x, y, cursorPixel == BLACK ? WHITE : BLACK);
               }
            }
         }
         return cursor;
      }
   }

   Icon icon = Icon.FromHandle(hicon);
   return icon.ToBitmap();
}

您对I光束光标的半透明“灰色”版本的描述让我想知道您是否遇到图像缩放或光标错位的问题。

在该网站上发布的一个人提供了一个(破碎的)链接,该链接指向我追踪到的特殊行为: http//www.efg2.com/Lab/Graphics/CursorOverlay.htm

该页面上的示例不在C#中,但是codeproject解决方案的作者可能已经做了类似的事情,我知道自己在大量场景中使用图形对象时搞砸了我的缩放:

在加载图像后的任何ImageMouseDown事件中,使用Canvas.Draw方法在位图顶部以透明度绘制CusorBitmap。 请注意,如果位图被拉伸以适合TImage,则需要进行一些坐标调整(重新缩放)。

这是修补版本,包含此页面上显示的错误的所有修复:

public static Bitmap CaptureImageCursor(ref Point point)
{
    try
    {
        var cursorInfo = new CursorInfo();
        cursorInfo.cbSize = Marshal.SizeOf(cursorInfo);

        if (!GetCursorInfo(out cursorInfo))
            return null;

        if (cursorInfo.flags != CursorShowing)
            return null;

        var hicon = CopyIcon(cursorInfo.hCursor);
        if (hicon == IntPtr.Zero)
            return null;

        Iconinfo iconInfo;
        if (!GetIconInfo(hicon, out iconInfo))
        {
            DestroyIcon(hicon);
            return null;
        }

        point.X = cursorInfo.ptScreenPos.X - iconInfo.xHotspot;
        point.Y = cursorInfo.ptScreenPos.Y - iconInfo.yHotspot;

        using (var maskBitmap = Image.FromHbitmap(iconInfo.hbmMask))
        {
            //Is this a monochrome cursor?  
            if (maskBitmap.Height == maskBitmap.Width * 2 && iconInfo.hbmColor == IntPtr.Zero)
            {
                var final = new Bitmap(maskBitmap.Width, maskBitmap.Width);
                var hDesktop = GetDesktopWindow();
                var dcDesktop = GetWindowDC(hDesktop);

                using (var resultGraphics = Graphics.FromImage(final))
                {
                    var resultHdc = resultGraphics.GetHdc();

                    BitBlt(resultHdc, 0, 0, final.Width, final.Height, dcDesktop, (int)point.X + 3, (int)point.Y + 3, CopyPixelOperation.SourceCopy);
                    DrawIconEx(resultHdc, 0, 0, cursorInfo.hCursor, 0, 0, 0, IntPtr.Zero, 0x0003);

                    //TODO: I have to try removing the background of this cursor capture.
                    //Native.BitBlt(resultHdc, 0, 0, final.Width, final.Height, dcDesktop, (int)point.X + 3, (int)point.Y + 3, Native.CopyPixelOperation.SourceErase);

                    resultGraphics.ReleaseHdc(resultHdc);
                    ReleaseDC(hDesktop, dcDesktop);
                }

                DeleteObject(iconInfo.hbmMask);
                DeleteDC(dcDesktop);
                DestroyIcon(hicon);

                return final;
            }

            DeleteObject(iconInfo.hbmColor);
            DeleteObject(iconInfo.hbmMask);
            DestroyIcon(hicon);
        }

        var icon = Icon.FromHandle(hicon);
        return icon.ToBitmap();
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        //You should catch exception with your method here.
        //LogWriter.Log(ex, "Impossible to get the cursor.");
    }

    return null;
}

此版本适用于:

  1. I-Beam游标。
  2. 黑色游标。
  3. 普通游标。
  4. 倒置游标。

见工作,这里: https//github.com/NickeManarin/ScreenToGif/blob/master/ScreenToGif/Util/Native.cs#L991

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