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如何在java中修复循环while/try catch错误

[英]How to fix loop while/try catch error in java

我正在创建一个简单的计算器程序(这个 Java 编程的第一周)。

问题背景:只有 5 个选项有效。 (1-加;2-减;3-乘;4.除;5.退出)。 当用户输入 1-4 选项时,结果将填充,但用户需要循环返回以重新输入数据,直到选择选项 5。 5是退出程序(结束循环/程序的唯一方法)。 我的问题: 1. 如何阻止 try-catch 不停地运行? 有没有更好的方法来实现try-catch? 例如,处理字符串数据错误消息。理想情况下,如果输入了字符串,代码应该循环返回以通过生成消息“请重新输入数字...”来重新启动,直到用户输入有效数字 2. 我正在尝试在主类中使用尽可能多的静态方法。 我不确定我做的方式是否准确?

这是我输入的代码:

    12 2 
    //-everything works well.
    2 //-enter again 
    s s (string entry-error) 

然后,将填充以下消息:

    "You have entered invalid floats. please re-enter:  
    Exception in thread "main" java.util.InputMismatchException
        ...
        at calculator.performSubtract(calculator.java:65)
        at calculator.main(calculator.java:34)" 

代码(示例)

   public class calculator {
//use static methods to implement the program 
    static Scanner userInput = new Scanner(System.in);
    static int userChoice;
    static float numberOne;
    static float numberTwo; 
    static float answer; 
    static int choice;

    public static void main(String[] args) {
       do {
       //this menu statement has to be repeated unless 5 is entered (exit the 
      //program) 
        System.out.println("Welcome to <dj's> Handy Calculator\n\n\t \1. Addition \n\t 2. Subtraction\n\t 3. Multiplication\n\t 4. Division\n\t 5. Exit\n\n");
        System.out.print("What would you like to do? ");

        try {   
        choice = userInput.nextInt();
        }catch (InputMismatchException e) {
            continue;
        }
        switch (choice) {
        case 2: performSubtract();
        break;
        ...
        case 5: exit();
        break;
        } 
        }while(choice >0 && choice <5);
        userInput.close();
    }

    public static void performSubtract () {
        //catch error statement. 
        try {
        numberOne = userInput.nextFloat();
        numberTwo= userInput.nextFloat();
        answer= numberOne-numberTwo;
        } catch (Exception e) {
        System.out.println("You have entered invalid floats. please re-enter:  ");
        numberOne = userInput.nextFloat();
        numberTwo= userInput.nextFloat();
        }
        System.out.printf("Please enter two floats to subtraction, separated by a space: %.1f %.1f\n", numberOne, numberTwo);
        System.out.printf("Result of subtraction %.1f and %.1f is %.1f\n", numberOne, numberOne, answer);
        System.out.println("\nPress enter key to continue...");
    }

}

我认为问题在于您没有从扫描仪中清除问题令牌。 您的 catch 语句会打印一条错误消息,然后继续尝试将相同的标记再次解析为 int 或 float。

您可以在这里查看: https : //www.geeksforgeeks.org/scanner-nextint-method-in-java-with-examples/

看起来您需要调用userInput.next()才能超越无效令牌。

此外,如果您愿意,hasNextInt() 将让您完全避免捕获。

对于第一个问题:try-catch 块通常用于查看您的代码是否运行无误。 通过你解释一下你正在尝试做的,我会改为使用while循环赋值为之前numberOnenumberTwo输入是否浮动或不喜欢:

// pseudo

while(input != float || input2 != float)
{
  print(please reenter)
}
numberOne = input
numberTwo = input2

您的错误在于Scanner.nextFloat在读取无效输入时不会推进当前标记。 这意味着当您在 catch 语句中再次调用nextFloat两次时,您将再次读取标记ss ,其中第一个将导致再次抛出 InputMismatchException 。 您应该将performSubtract方法更改为如下所示:

public static void performSubtract () {
    //catch errors
    System.out.println("Please enter two floats to subtraction, separated by a space");
    userInput.nextLine();//ignore the new line
    do {
        try {
            String[] nextLineTokens = userInput.nextLine().split("\\s+");
            if(nextLineTokens.length != 2)
            {
                System.out.println("You have not entered two floats. please re-enter:");
                continue;
            }
            numberOne = Float.parseFloat(nextLineTokens[0]);
            numberTwo = Float.parseFloat(nextLineTokens[1]);
            answer= numberOne-numberTwo;
            break;
        }
        catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println("You have entered invalid floats. please re-enter:  ");
        }
    } while (true);
    System.out.printf("You entered: %.1f %.1f\n", numberOne, numberTwo);
    System.out.printf("Result of subtraction %.1f minus %.1f is %.1f\n", numberOne, numberTwo, answer);
    System.out.println("\nPress enter key to continue...");
    userInput.nextLine();
}

此外,如果您输入无效的输入,您的解析代码会继续,但如果您输入的数字不是 1-5,则会退出。 如果这是您第一次读入输入,代码也会因无效输入而退出。 您可能应该像这样更改解析迭代循环:

public static void main(String[] args) {
    while(choice != 5) {
        //this menu statement has to be repeated unless 5 is entered (exit the 
        //program) 
        System.out.println("Welcome to <dj's> Handy Calculator\n\n\t 1. Addition \n\t 2. Subtraction\n\t 3. Multiplication\n\t 4. Division\n\t 5. Exit\n\n");
        System.out.print("What would you like to do? ");

        try {   
            choice = userInput.nextInt();
        }
        catch (InputMismatchException e) {
            userInput.next();
            continue;
        }
        switch (choice) {
            case 2: performSubtract();
            break;
            // ...
            case 5: exit();
            break;
        } 
    }
    userInput.close();
}

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