[英]LoadError: cannot load such file — rails_helper (Rails 6 and Rspec)
我正在尝试为 rails 6 项目编写 rspec 测试。
当我运行rspec spec/controllers/user_spec.rb我得到这个错误
Migrations are pending. To resolve this issue,
run:rails db:migrate RAILS_ENV=test
No examples found.
所以我运行rails db:migrate RAILS_ENV=test然后我得到这个错误
rails aborted!
LoadError: cannot load such file -- rails_helper
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:22:in `require'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:22:in `block in require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/loaded_features_index.rb:89:in `register'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:21:in `require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:40:in `rescue in require'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:26:in `require'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/zeitwerk-2.2.1/lib/zeitwerk/kernel.rb:23:in `require'
/Users/MacBookAir/workspace/squealer/spec/factories/devise.rb:1:in `<main>'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:54:in `load'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:54:in `load'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/factory_bot-5.1.1/lib/factory_bot/find_definitions.rb:20:in `block (2 levels) in find_definitions'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/factory_bot-5.1.1/lib/factory_bot/find_definitions.rb:19:in `each'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/factory_bot-5.1.1/lib/factory_bot/find_definitions.rb:19:in `block in find_definitions'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/factory_bot-5.1.1/lib/factory_bot/find_definitions.rb:15:in `each'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/factory_bot-5.1.1/lib/factory_bot/find_definitions.rb:15:in `find_definitions'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/factory_bot-5.1.1/lib/factory_bot/reload.rb:6:in `reload'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/factory_bot_rails-5.1.1/lib/factory_bot_rails/railtie.rb:26:in `block in <class:Railtie>'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/activesupport-6.0.1/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:69:in `block in execute_hook'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/activesupport-6.0.1/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:62:in `with_execution_control'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/activesupport-6.0.1/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:67:in `execute_hook'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/activesupport-6.0.1/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:52:in `block in run_load_hooks'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/activesupport-6.0.1/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:51:in `each'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/activesupport-6.0.1/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:51:in `run_load_hooks'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/railties-6.0.1/lib/rails/application/finisher.rb:129:in `block in <module:Finisher>'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/railties-6.0.1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:32:in `instance_exec'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/railties-6.0.1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:32:in `run'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/railties-6.0.1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:61:in `block in run_initializers'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/railties-6.0.1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:60:in `run_initializers'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/railties-6.0.1/lib/rails/application.rb:363:in `initialize!'
/Users/MacBookAir/workspace/squealer/config/environment.rb:14:in `<main>'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:22:in `require'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:22:in `block in require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/loaded_features_index.rb:92:in `register'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:21:in `require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:30:in `require'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/zeitwerk-2.2.1/lib/zeitwerk/kernel.rb:23:in `require'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/activesupport-6.0.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:325:in `block in require'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/activesupport-6.0.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:291:in `load_dependency'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/activesupport-6.0.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:325:in `require'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/railties-6.0.1/lib/rails/application.rb:339:in `require_environment!'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/railties-6.0.1/lib/rails/application.rb:515:in `block in run_tasks_blocks'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/railties-6.0.1/lib/rails/commands/rake/rake_command.rb:23:in `block in perform'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/railties-6.0.1/lib/rails/commands/rake/rake_command.rb:20:in `perform'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/railties-6.0.1/lib/rails/command.rb:48:in `invoke'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/railties-6.0.1/lib/rails/commands.rb:18:in `<main>'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:22:in `require'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:22:in `block in require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/loaded_features_index.rb:92:in `register'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:21:in `require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:30:in `require'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/activesupport-6.0.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:325:in `block in require'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/activesupport-6.0.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:291:in `load_dependency'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/activesupport-6.0.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:325:in `require'
/Users/MacBookAir/workspace/squealer/bin/rails:9:in `<top (required)>'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/spring-2.1.0/lib/spring/client/rails.rb:28:in `load'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/spring-2.1.0/lib/spring/client/rails.rb:28:in `call'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/spring-2.1.0/lib/spring/client/command.rb:7:in `call'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/spring-2.1.0/lib/spring/client.rb:30:in `run'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/spring-2.1.0/bin/spring:49:in `<top (required)>'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/spring-2.1.0/lib/spring/binstub.rb:11:in `load'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/spring-2.1.0/lib/spring/binstub.rb:11:in `<top (required)>'
/Users/MacBookAir/workspace/squealer/bin/spring:15:in `<top (required)>'
bin/rails:3:in `load'
bin/rails:3:in `<main>'
Caused by:
Bootsnap::LoadPathCache::FallbackScan:
Tasks: TOP => db:migrate => db:load_config => environment
(See full trace by running task with --trace)
然后我将 bootsnap gem 和 go 删除到 config/boot.rb 并删除此行require 'bootsnap/setup'
然后我运行 bundle install 然后再次尝试运行rails db:migrate RAILS_ENV=test 。
我收到另一个错误
rails aborted!
LoadError: cannot load such file -- rails_helper
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/zeitwerk-2.2.1/lib/zeitwerk/kernel.rb:23:in `require'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/zeitwerk-2.2.1/lib/zeitwerk/kernel.rb:23:in `require'
/Users/MacBookAir/workspace/squealer/spec/factories/devise.rb:1:in `<top (required)>'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/factory_bot-5.1.1/lib/factory_bot/find_definitions.rb:20:in `load'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/factory_bot-5.1.1/lib/factory_bot/find_definitions.rb:20:in `block (2 levels) in find_definitions'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/factory_bot-5.1.1/lib/factory_bot/find_definitions.rb:19:in `each'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/factory_bot-5.1.1/lib/factory_bot/find_definitions.rb:19:in `block in find_definitions'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/factory_bot-5.1.1/lib/factory_bot/find_definitions.rb:15:in `each'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/factory_bot-5.1.1/lib/factory_bot/find_definitions.rb:15:in `find_definitions'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/factory_bot-5.1.1/lib/factory_bot/reload.rb:6:in `reload'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/factory_bot_rails-5.1.1/lib/factory_bot_rails/railtie.rb:26:in `block in <class:Railtie>'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/activesupport-6.0.1/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:69:in `block in execute_hook'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/activesupport-6.0.1/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:62:in `with_execution_control'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/activesupport-6.0.1/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:67:in `execute_hook'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/activesupport-6.0.1/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:52:in `block in run_load_hooks'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/activesupport-6.0.1/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:51:in `each'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/activesupport-6.0.1/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:51:in `run_load_hooks'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/railties-6.0.1/lib/rails/application/finisher.rb:129:in `block in <module:Finisher>'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/railties-6.0.1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:32:in `instance_exec'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/railties-6.0.1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:32:in `run'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/railties-6.0.1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:61:in `block in run_initializers'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/railties-6.0.1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:60:in `run_initializers'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/railties-6.0.1/lib/rails/application.rb:363:in `initialize!'
/Users/MacBookAir/workspace/squealer/config/environment.rb:14:in `<top (required)>'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/zeitwerk-2.2.1/lib/zeitwerk/kernel.rb:23:in `require'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/zeitwerk-2.2.1/lib/zeitwerk/kernel.rb:23:in `require'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/activesupport-6.0.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:325:in `block in require'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/activesupport-6.0.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:291:in `load_dependency'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/activesupport-6.0.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:325:in `require'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/railties-6.0.1/lib/rails/application.rb:339:in `require_environment!'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/railties-6.0.1/lib/rails/application.rb:515:in `block in run_tasks_blocks'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/railties-6.0.1/lib/rails/commands/rake/rake_command.rb:23:in `block in perform'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/railties-6.0.1/lib/rails/commands/rake/rake_command.rb:20:in `perform'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/railties-6.0.1/lib/rails/command.rb:48:in `invoke'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/railties-6.0.1/lib/rails/commands.rb:18:in `<top (required)>'
/Users/MacBookAir/workspace/squealer/bin/rails:9:in `require'
/Users/MacBookAir/workspace/squealer/bin/rails:9:in `<top (required)>'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/spring-2.1.0/lib/spring/client/rails.rb:28:in `load'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/spring-2.1.0/lib/spring/client/rails.rb:28:in `call'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/spring-2.1.0/lib/spring/client/command.rb:7:in `call'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/spring-2.1.0/lib/spring/client.rb:30:in `run'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/spring-2.1.0/bin/spring:49:in `<top (required)>'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/spring-2.1.0/lib/spring/binstub.rb:11:in `load'
/Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/spring-2.1.0/lib/spring/binstub.rb:11:in `<top (required)>'
/Users/MacBookAir/workspace/squealer/bin/spring:15:in `<top (required)>'
bin/rails:3:in `load'
bin/rails:3:in `<main>'
Tasks: TOP => db:migrate => db:load_config => environment
(See full trace by running task with --trace)
在这一点上，我准备把我的笔记本电脑扔进垃圾桶。 我什至不知道 zeitwerk gem 是什么，也不知道线程安全代码加载器是做什么的。 我只知道 Rails 6 需要它。
我的 github 仓库在这里
有谁知道我做错了什么？
我刚刚浏览了你的回购。 您实际上没有rails_helper文件。 您应该查找并替换rails_helper ，将其替换为test_helper
啊——我想通了。 我没有仔细阅读我的错误日志。
我正在使用 Devise gem。 在我的错误日志中，第 8 行下面提到了 spec/factories/devise.rb 中的一个文件
我查看了那个文件，发现我在文件顶部放置了require 'rails_helper.rb' 。 我删除了那行，现在我可以运行rails db:migrate RAILS_ENV=TEST
猜猜这是仔细阅读错误日志的一个教训
Rails Rspec `require': 无法加载此类文件 -- rails_helper (LoadError)
[英]Rails Rspec `require': cannot load such file -- rails_helper (LoadError)
尝试运行 rspec 时出错：`require': 无法加载此类文件 — rails_helper (LoadError)
[英]Error when trying to run rspec: `require': cannot load such file — rails_helper (LoadError)
Rails rspec LoadError：无法加载此类文件— main_helper
[英]Rails rspec LoadError: cannot load such file — main_helper
Rails：无法加载此类文件-byebug / byebug（LoadError）
[英]Rails: cannot load such file — byebug/byebug (LoadError)
`require'：无法加载此类文件-rails / all（LoadError）
[英]`require': cannot load such file — rails/all (LoadError)
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