Selenium 网格：DevToolsActivePort 文件不存在（未知错误：Chrome 无法启动：异常退出）

Question

我正在尝试使用 Selenium Grid 来自动化一些测试。 为了优化测试时间，我创建了一些在 LINUX 平台上工作的 VM（一个 VM 用作 Selenium 集线器，其他 VM 用作 Selenium 节点）。 在集线器和节点中启动独立服务器时都没有问题（一切正常：节点已成功连接到集线器）。 但是，当尝试执行测试 remoteWebDriver（使用 chrome）的 java 代码时，我得到了一个充满警告和错误的 window。 我认为chromedriver不高兴..？ 有人知道如何解决这个问题吗？

下面是我正在使用的 java 代码：

import org.openqa.selenium.Platform;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver;

public class GithubTest {

  public static void main(String[] args) throws MalformedURLException{
    String toBeTestedUrl = "https://github.com";
    String nodeUrl = "http:172.20.10.13:5555/wd/hub";
    DesiredCapabilities desiredCapabilities = DesiredCapabilities.chrome();
    desiredCapabilities.setBrowserName(DesiredCapabilities.chrome().getBrowserName());
    desiredCapabilities.setPlatform(Platform.LINUX);
    WebDriver driver = new RemoteWebDriver(new URL(nodeUrl), desiredCapabilities);


    driver.get(toBeTestedUrl);

    if(driver.getTitle().equalsIgnoreCase("The world’s leading software development platform · GitHub"))
        System.out.println("OK!");
    else 
        System.out.println("ERROR!");

    driver.quit();
  }
}

以下是 selenium 节点中的日志文件：

16:48:24.098 INFO - Selenium build info: version: '3.9.1', revision: '63f7b50'
16:48:24.108 INFO - Launching a Selenium Grid node on port 5555
16:48:26.313 INFO - Selenium Server is up and running on port 5555
16:48:26.313 INFO - Selenium Grid node is up and ready to register to the hub
16:48:26.344 INFO - Starting auto registration thread. Will try to register every 5000 ms.
16:48:26.345 INFO - Registering the node to the hub: http://172.20.10.10:4444/grid/register
16:48:26.442 INFO - Updating the node configuration from the hub
16:48:26.483 INFO - The node is registered to the hub and ready to use
16:49:08.370 INFO - Found handler:       org.openqa.selenium.remote.server.commandhandler.BeginSession@cdb1ecc
16:49:08.374 INFO - /session: Executing POST on /session (handler: BeginSession)
16:49:08.503 INFO - Capabilities are: Capabilities {browserName: chrome, goog:chromeOptions: {args: [], extensions: []}, platform: LINUX}
16:49:08.505 INFO - Capabilities {browserName: chrome, goog:chromeOptions: {args: [], extensions: []}, platform: LINUX} matched class org.openqa.selenium.remote.server.ServicedSession$Factory (provider: org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriverService)

执行 java class 时的错误日志：

  (unknown error: DevToolsActivePort file doesn't exist)
  (The process started from chrome location /usr/bin/google-chrome is no longer running, so ChromeDriver is assuming that Chrome has crashed.)
  (Driver info: chromedriver=2.41.578700 (2f1ed5f9343c13f73144538f15c00b370eda6706),platform=Linux 5.0.0-36-generic x86_64) (WARNING: The server did not provide any stacktrace information)
Command duration or timeout: 112 milliseconds
Build info: version: '3.9.1', revision: '63f7b50', time: '2018-02-07T22:42:28.403Z'
System info: host: 'SeleniumNode1', ip: '127.0.1.1', os.name: 'Linux', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '5.0.0-36-generic', java.version: '11.0.4'
Driver info: driver.version: unknown
Command duration or timeout: 288 milliseconds
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
        at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:490)
        at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.createThrowable(ErrorHandler.java:214)
        at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.throwIfResponseFailed(ErrorHandler.java:166)
        at org.openqa.selenium.remote.JsonWireProtocolResponse.lambda$new$0(JsonWireProtocolResponse.java:53)
        at org.openqa.selenium.remote.JsonWireProtocolResponse.lambda$getResponseFunction$2(JsonWireProtocolResponse.java:91)
        at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake.lambda$createSession$0(ProtocolHandshake.java:123)
        at java.base/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$3$1.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:195)
        at java.base/java.util.Spliterators$ArraySpliterator.tryAdvance(Spliterators.java:958)
        at java.base/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline.forEachWithCancel(ReferencePipeline.java:127)
        at java.base/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.copyIntoWithCancel(AbstractPipeline.java:502)
        at java.base/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.copyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:488)
        at java.base/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.wrapAndCopyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:474)
        at java.base/java.util.stream.FindOps$FindOp.evaluateSequential(FindOps.java:150)
        at java.base/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.evaluate(AbstractPipeline.java:234)
        at java.base/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline.findFirst(ReferencePipeline.java:543)
        at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake.createSession(ProtocolHandshake.java:126)
        at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake.createSession(ProtocolHandshake.java:73)
        at org.openqa.selenium.remote.HttpCommandExecutor.execute(HttpCommandExecutor.java:138)
        at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:601)
        at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.startSession(RemoteWebDriver.java:219)
        at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.<init>(RemoteWebDriver.java:142)
        at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.<init>(RemoteWebDriver.java:155)
        at GitTest.main(GitTest.java:19)
Caused by: org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: unknown error: Chrome failed to start: exited abnormally
  (unknown error: DevToolsActivePort file doesn't exist)
  (The process started from chrome location /usr/bin/google-chrome is no longer running, so ChromeDriver is assuming that Chrome has crashed.)
  (Driver info: chromedriver=2.41.578700 (2f1ed5f9343c13f73144538f15c00b370eda6706),platform=Linux 5.0.0-36-generic x86_64) (WARNING: The server did not provide any stacktrace information)
Command duration or timeout: 112 milliseconds
Build info: version: '3.9.1', revision: '63f7b50', time: '2018-02-07T22:42:28.403Z'
System info: host: 'SeleniumNode1', ip: '127.0.1.1', os.name: 'Linux', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '5.0.0-36-generic', java.version: '11.0.4'
Driver info: driver.version: unknown
Build info: version: '3.9.1', revision: '63f7b50', time: '2018-02-07T22:42:28.403Z'
System info: host: 'SeleniumHub', ip: '127.0.1.1', os.name: 'Linux', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '5.0.0-36-generic', java.version: '11.0.4'
Driver info: driver.version: unknown
        at jdk.internal.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
        at jdk.internal.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)
        at jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
        at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:490)
        at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.createThrowable(ErrorHandler.java:214)
        at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.throwIfResponseFailed(ErrorHandler.java:166)
        at org.openqa.selenium.remote.JsonWireProtocolResponse.lambda$new$0(JsonWireProtocolResponse.java:53)
        at org.openqa.selenium.remote.JsonWireProtocolResponse.lambda$getResponseFunction$2(JsonWireProtocolResponse.java:91)
        at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake.lambda$createSession$0(ProtocolHandshake.java:123)
        at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$3$1.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:195)
        at java.util.Spliterators$ArraySpliterator.tryAdvance(Spliterators.java:958)
        at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline.forEachWithCancel(ReferencePipeline.java:127)
        at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.copyIntoWithCancel(AbstractPipeline.java:502)
        at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.copyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:488)
        at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.wrapAndCopyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:474)
        at java.util.stream.FindOps$FindOp.evaluateSequential(FindOps.java:150)
        at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.evaluate(AbstractPipeline.java:234)
        at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline.findFirst(ReferencePipeline.java:543)
        at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake.createSession(ProtocolHandshake.java:126)
        at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake.createSession(ProtocolHandshake.java:73)
        at org.openqa.selenium.remote.server.RemoteSession$Factory.performHandshake(RemoteSession.java:145)
        at org.openqa.selenium.remote.server.ServicedSession$Factory.apply(ServicedSession.java:154)
        at org.openqa.selenium.remote.server.ActiveSessionFactory.lambda$apply$12(ActiveSessionFactory.java:176)
        at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$3$1.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:195)
        at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$11$1.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:442)
        at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$2$1.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:177)
        at java.util.Spliterators$ArraySpliterator.tryAdvance(Spliterators.java:958)
        at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline.forEachWithCancel(ReferencePipeline.java:127)
        at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.copyIntoWithCancel(AbstractPipeline.java:502)
        at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.copyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:488)
        at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.wrapAndCopyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:474)
        at java.util.stream.FindOps$FindOp.evaluateSequential(FindOps.java:150)
        at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.evaluate(AbstractPipeline.java:234)
        at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline.findFirst(ReferencePipeline.java:543)
        at org.openqa.selenium.remote.server.ActiveSessionFactory.apply(ActiveSessionFactory.java:179)
        at org.openqa.selenium.remote.server.NewSessionPipeline.lambda$null$2(NewSessionPipeline.java:65)
        at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$3$1.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:195)
        at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$2$1.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:177)
        at java.util.Collections$2.tryAdvance(Collections.java:4747)
        at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline.forEachWithCancel(ReferencePipeline.java:127)
        at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.copyIntoWithCancel(AbstractPipeline.java:502)
        at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.copyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:488)
        at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.wrapAndCopyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:474)
        at java.util.stream.FindOps$FindOp.evaluateSequential(FindOps.java:150)
        at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.evaluate(AbstractPipeline.java:234)
        at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline.findFirst(ReferencePipeline.java:543)
        at org.openqa.selenium.remote.server.NewSessionPipeline.lambda$createNewSession$3(NewSessionPipeline.java:68)
        at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$3$1.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:195)
        at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$3$1.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:195)
        at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$3$1.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:195)
        at java.util.stream.DistinctOps$1$2.accept(DistinctOps.java:175)
        at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$2$1.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:177)
        at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$3$1.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:195)
        at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$2$1.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:177)
        at java.util.stream.Streams$StreamBuilderImpl.tryAdvance(Streams.java:397)
        at java.util.stream.Streams$ConcatSpliterator.tryAdvance(Streams.java:720)
        at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline.forEachWithCancel(ReferencePipeline.java:127)
        at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.copyIntoWithCancel(AbstractPipeline.java:502)
        at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.copyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:488)
        at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.wrapAndCopyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:474)
        at java.util.stream.FindOps$FindOp.evaluateSequential(FindOps.java:150)
        at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.evaluate(AbstractPipeline.java:234)
        at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline.findFirst(ReferencePipeline.java:543)
        at org.openqa.selenium.remote.server.NewSessionPipeline.createNewSession(NewSessionPipeline.java:71)
        at org.openqa.selenium.remote.server.commandhandler.BeginSession.execute(BeginSession.java:65)
        at org.openqa.selenium.remote.server.WebDriverServlet.lambda$handle$0(WebDriverServlet.java:242)
        at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:515)
        at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:264)
        at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1128)
        at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:628)
        at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:834) ``` 

Answer 1

首先要检查的是您使用的是正确的 Chrome 驱动程序来驱动您的 Chrome 浏览器。 如果您不确定，请检查您的 Chrome 版本并从http://chromedriver.chromium.org/downloads再次下载驱动程序。 据我所知，您的 ChromeDriver 是 2.41，它仅支持 Chrome v67-69，因此可能是兼容性原因。

如果没有帮助，您可能需要在驱动程序初始化中添加额外的 arguments

chrome_options = Options()
chrome_options.add_argument('--headless')
chrome_options.add_argument('--no-sandbox')
chrome_options.add_argument('--disable-dev-shm-usage')
driver = webdriver.Chrome('/path/to/your_chrome_driver_dir/chromedriver',chrome_options=chrome_options)