如何在 C# 中反序列化此 XML 文档

Question

这是我的 XML：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Fruit>
  <Fruit_group name='Tropical'>
    <fruit_types name ='Tropical Used'>
        <fruit>bananas</fruit>
        <fruit>mangoes</fruit>
    </fruit_types>
  </Fruit_group>
  <Fruit_group name='Citrus'>
    <fruit_types name ='Citruses Used'>
      <fruit>orange</fruit>
      <fruit>lime</fruit>
      <fruit>grapefruit</fruit>
      <excluded_fruits>
         <fruit>mandarin</fruit>
      </excluded_fruits>
    </fruit_types>
  </Fruit_group>
</Fruit>

这是我的 XML 文本示例..
有没有办法反序列化它并保留元素的名称......我的意思是我想要：

Tropical -> Tropical Used -> fruit -> bananas, mangoes

Citrus->Citruses Used -> 
fruit = orange, lime, grapefruit
excluded = mandarin....
Something like this...

有人可以帮助我了解这是如何工作的吗？

Answer 1

您可以使用XML to c# website 根据 XML 创建一个类。

在这种情况下，我有这个例子

using System;
using System.Xml.Serialization;
using System.Collections.Generic;
namespace Xml2CSharp
{
[XmlRoot(ElementName="fruit_types")]
public class Fruit_types {
    [XmlElement(ElementName="fruit")]
    public List<string> Fruit { get; set; }
    [XmlAttribute(AttributeName="name")]
    public string Name { get; set; }
    [XmlElement(ElementName="excluded_fruits")]
    public Excluded_fruits Excluded_fruits { get; set; }
}

[XmlRoot(ElementName="Fruit_group")]
public class Fruit_group {
    [XmlElement(ElementName="fruit_types")]
    public Fruit_types Fruit_types { get; set; }
    [XmlAttribute(AttributeName="name")]
    public string Name { get; set; }
}

[XmlRoot(ElementName="excluded_fruits")]
public class Excluded_fruits {
    [XmlElement(ElementName="fruit")]
    public string Fruit { get; set; }
}

[XmlRoot(ElementName="Fruit")]
public class Fruit {
    [XmlElement(ElementName="Fruit_group")]
    public List<Fruit_group> Fruit_group { get; set; }
}

}

另外，您可以阅读这篇关于 XML 反序列化的文章。

Answer 2

我建议使用xmltocsharp将XML转换为Model并进行必要的更改。 例如，将string更改为Excluded_fruits下的List<string>

   [XmlRoot(ElementName = "fruit_types")]
public class Fruit_types
{
    [XmlElement(ElementName = "fruit")]
    public List<string> Fruit { get; set; }
    [XmlAttribute(AttributeName = "name")]
    public string Name { get; set; }
    [XmlElement(ElementName = "excluded_fruits")]
    public Excluded_fruits Excluded_fruits { get; set; }
}

[XmlRoot(ElementName = "Fruit_group")]
public class Fruit_group
{
    [XmlElement(ElementName = "fruit_types")]
    public Fruit_types Fruit_types { get; set; }
    [XmlAttribute(AttributeName = "name")]
    public string Name { get; set; }
}

[XmlRoot(ElementName = "excluded_fruits")]
public class Excluded_fruits
{
    [XmlElement(ElementName = "fruit")]
    public List<string> Fruit { get; set; }
}

[XmlRoot(ElementName = "Fruit")]
public class Fruit
{
    [XmlElement(ElementName = "Fruit_group")]
    public List<Fruit_group> Fruit_group { get; set; }
}

模型准备就绪后，您可以使用XmlSerializer Deserialize xml 文件

        using (StreamReader r = new StreamReader(xmlfilepath))
        {
            string xmlString = r.ReadToEnd();

            XmlSerializer ser = new XmlSerializer(typeof(Fruit));

            using (TextReader reader = new StringReader(xmlString))
            {
                var fruits = (Fruit)ser.Deserialize(reader);

                foreach(var fruitgroup in fruits.Fruit_group)
                {
                    Console.Write($"{fruitgroup.Name} -> ");
                    Console.Write($"{fruitgroup.Fruit_types.Name} -> ");
                    Console.Write($"fruit = {string.Join(",", fruitgroup.Fruit_types.Fruit.ToArray())}; ");
                    if (fruitgroup.Fruit_types.Excluded_fruits?.Fruit?.Count() > 0)
                        Console.Write($"excluded = {string.Join(",", fruitgroup.Fruit_types.Excluded_fruits.Fruit.ToArray())}{Environment.NewLine}");
                    else
                        Console.WriteLine();
                }
            }
        }

Answer 3

我喜欢使用 xml linq 进行自定义解析以获得更平坦的结果：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Xml;
using System.Xml.Linq;

namespace ConsoleApplication1
{
    class Program
    {
        const string FILENAME = @"c:\temp\test.xml";
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(FILENAME);

            List<Fruit_Group> groups = doc.Descendants("Fruit_group").Select(x => new Fruit_Group()
            {
                groupName = (string)x.Attribute("name"),
                typeName = (string)x.Element("fruit_types").Attribute("name"),
                fruits = x.Elements("fruit_types").Elements("fruit").Select(y => (string)y).ToArray(),
                excluded = x.Descendants("excluded_fruits").Elements("fruit").Select(y => (string)y).ToArray()
            }).ToList();
        }
    }
    public class Fruit_Group
    {
        public string groupName { get; set;}
        public string typeName { get; set; }
        public string[] fruits { get; set; }
        public string[] excluded { get; set; }
    }
}