如何解决 javax.validation.ValidationException: HV000064: Unable to instanceiate ConstraintValidator: in Spring

Question

任何曾经使用过 spring-boot 的人都会遇到这个错误。

javax.validation.ValidationException: HV000064: Unable to instantiate ConstraintValidator:
**<more stack...>**
Caused by: java.lang.NoSuchMethodException: 
com.comapany.package.validator.<init>()

我知道这与此有关：

任何依赖于特定于实现的 ConstraintValidatorFactory 行为（依赖注入、无无参数构造函数等）的约束实现都不能被认为是可移植的。

但是我的 Validator 不能移植，因为它需要 repo 才能工作，所以这不是一个选项。

我曾尝试向我的验证器添加一个无参数构造函数，但后来我得到了这个：

javax.validation.ValidationException: HV000028: Unexpected exception during isValid call.
Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException

我还尝试覆盖 LocalValidatorFactoryBean：

@Bean
public LocalValidatorFactoryBean localValidatorFactoryBean(ConstraintValidatorFactory validatorFactory) {
        var bean = new LocalValidatorFactoryBean();
        bean.setConstraintValidatorFactory(validatorFactory);
        return bean;
    }

即使 Spring 识别出我的工厂，我仍然收到该错误（HV000064）。

另一种选择是在我的验证器的无参数构造函数中添加一个具体的 Repo，但这感觉不对。

public Validator(){
    repo = new ConcreteClassOfRepository();
}

那么我该如何进行呢？

编辑（重用代码）：

验证码

@Service
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class UniqueIdValidator implements ConstraintValidator<UniqueId, String> {

    @Autowired
    private SampleRepository repo;


    @Override
    public void initialize(UniqueId constraintAnnotation) {

    }

    @Override
    public boolean isValid(String s, ConstraintValidatorContext constraintValidatorContext) {
        return !repo.existsById(s);
    }

}

堆栈跟踪

javax.validation.ValidationException: HV000028: Unexpected exception during isValid call.

    at org.hibernate.validator.internal.engine.constraintvalidation.ConstraintTree.validateSingleConstraint(ConstraintTree.java:177)
    at org.hibernate.validator.internal.engine.constraintvalidation.SimpleConstraintTree.validateConstraints(SimpleConstraintTree.java:68)
    at org.hibernate.validator.internal.engine.constraintvalidation.ConstraintTree.validateConstraints(ConstraintTree.java:73)
    at org.hibernate.validator.internal.metadata.core.MetaConstraint.doValidateConstraint(MetaConstraint.java:127)
    at org.hibernate.validator.internal.metadata.core.MetaConstraint.validateConstraint(MetaConstraint.java:120)
    at org.hibernate.validator.internal.engine.ValidatorImpl.validateMetaConstraint(ValidatorImpl.java:552)
    at org.hibernate.validator.internal.engine.ValidatorImpl.validateConstraintsForSingleDefaultGroupElement(ValidatorImpl.java:515)
    at org.hibernate.validator.internal.engine.ValidatorImpl.validateConstraintsForDefaultGroup(ValidatorImpl.java:485)
    at org.hibernate.validator.internal.engine.ValidatorImpl.validateConstraintsForCurrentGroup(ValidatorImpl.java:447)
    at org.hibernate.validator.internal.engine.ValidatorImpl.validateInContext(ValidatorImpl.java:397)
    at org.hibernate.validator.internal.engine.ValidatorImpl.validate(ValidatorImpl.java:173)
    at org.hibernate.cfg.beanvalidation.BeanValidationEventListener.validate(BeanValidationEventListener.java:116)
    at org.hibernate.cfg.beanvalidation.BeanValidationEventListener.onPreInsert(BeanValidationEventListener.java:80)
    at org.hibernate.action.internal.EntityInsertAction.preInsert(EntityInsertAction.java:211)
    at org.hibernate.action.internal.EntityInsertAction.execute(EntityInsertAction.java:84)
    at org.hibernate.engine.spi.ActionQueue.executeActions(ActionQueue.java:604)
    at org.hibernate.engine.spi.ActionQueue.lambda$executeActions$1(ActionQueue.java:478)
    at java.base/java.util.LinkedHashMap.forEach(LinkedHashMap.java:684)
    at org.hibernate.engine.spi.ActionQueue.executeActions(ActionQueue.java:475)
    at org.hibernate.event.internal.AbstractFlushingEventListener.performExecutions(AbstractFlushingEventListener.java:348)
    at org.hibernate.event.internal.DefaultAutoFlushEventListener.onAutoFlush(DefaultAutoFlushEventListener.java:57)
    at org.hibernate.event.service.internal.EventListenerGroupImpl.fireEventOnEachListener(EventListenerGroupImpl.java:108)
    at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.autoFlushIfRequired(SessionImpl.java:1309)
    at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.list(SessionImpl.java:1389)
    at org.hibernate.query.internal.AbstractProducedQuery.doList(AbstractProducedQuery.java:1558)
    at org.hibernate.query.internal.AbstractProducedQuery.list(AbstractProducedQuery.java:1526)
    at org.hibernate.query.internal.AbstractProducedQuery.getSingleResult(AbstractProducedQuery.java:1574)
    at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.support.SimpleJpaRepository.existsById(SimpleJpaRepository.java:327)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:567)
    at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryComposition$RepositoryFragments.invoke(RepositoryComposition.java:371)
    at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryComposition.invoke(RepositoryComposition.java:204)
    at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactorySupport$ImplementationMethodExecutionInterceptor.invoke(RepositoryFactorySupport.java:657)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186)
    at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactorySupport$QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.doInvoke(RepositoryFactorySupport.java:621)
    at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactorySupport$QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.invoke(RepositoryFactorySupport.java:605)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186)
    at org.springframework.data.projection.DefaultMethodInvokingMethodInterceptor.invoke(DefaultMethodInvokingMethodInterceptor.java:80)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186)
    at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAspectSupport.invokeWithinTransaction(TransactionAspectSupport.java:366)
    at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor.invoke(TransactionInterceptor.java:99)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186)
    at org.springframework.dao.support.PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.invoke(PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.java:139)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186)
    at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.support.CrudMethodMetadataPostProcessor$CrudMethodMetadataPopulatingMethodInterceptor.invoke(CrudMethodMetadataPostProcessor.java:178)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186)
    at org.springframework.aop.interceptor.ExposeInvocationInterceptor.invoke(ExposeInvocationInterceptor.java:93)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.JdkDynamicAopProxy.invoke(JdkDynamicAopProxy.java:212)
    at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy112.existsById(Unknown Source)
    at com.packageName.ValidationTest.trackingBugCausedByValidatorNotPortable(ValidationTest.java:99)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:567)
    at org.junit.platform.commons.util.ReflectionUtils.invokeMethod(ReflectionUtils.java:675)
    at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.MethodInvocation.proceed(MethodInvocation.java:60)
    at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain$ValidatingInvocation.proceed(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:125)
    at org.junit.jupiter.engine.extension.TimeoutExtension.intercept(TimeoutExtension.java:132)
    at org.junit.jupiter.engine.extension.TimeoutExtension.interceptTestableMethod(TimeoutExtension.java:124)
    at org.junit.jupiter.engine.extension.TimeoutExtension.interceptTestMethod(TimeoutExtension.java:74)
    at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker$ReflectiveInterceptorCall.lambda$ofVoidMethod$0(ExecutableInvoker.java:115)
    at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker.lambda$invoke$0(ExecutableInvoker.java:105)
    at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain$InterceptedInvocation.proceed(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:104)
    at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain.proceed(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:62)
    at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain.chainAndInvoke(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:43)
    at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain.invoke(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:35)
    at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker.invoke(ExecutableInvoker.java:104)
    at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker.invoke(ExecutableInvoker.java:98)
    at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.lambda$invokeTestMethod$6(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:202)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
    at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.invokeTestMethod(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:198)
    at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.execute(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:135)
    at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.execute(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:69)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$5(NodeTestTask.java:135)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$7(NodeTestTask.java:125)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:135)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$8(NodeTestTask.java:123)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:122)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:80)
    at java.base/java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1507)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.invokeAll(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:38)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$5(NodeTestTask.java:139)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$7(NodeTestTask.java:125)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:135)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$8(NodeTestTask.java:123)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:122)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:80)
    at java.base/java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1507)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.invokeAll(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:38)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$5(NodeTestTask.java:139)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$7(NodeTestTask.java:125)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:135)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$8(NodeTestTask.java:123)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:122)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:80)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.submit(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:32)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestExecutor.execute(HierarchicalTestExecutor.java:57)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestEngine.execute(HierarchicalTestEngine.java:51)
    at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:229)
    at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.lambda$execute$6(DefaultLauncher.java:197)
    at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.withInterceptedStreams(DefaultLauncher.java:211)
    at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:191)
    at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:128)
    at com.intellij.junit5.JUnit5IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit5IdeaTestRunner.java:69)
    at com.intellij.rt.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:33)
    at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:230)
    at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:58)
Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException
    at com.packageName.UniqueIdValidator.isValid(UniqueIdValidator.java:27)
    at com.packageName.UniqueIdValidator.isValid(UniqueIdValidator.java:11)
    at org.hibernate.validator.internal.engine.constraintvalidation.ConstraintTree.validateSingleConstraint(ConstraintTree.java:171)

样本库

@Repository
public interface SampleRepository extends JpaRepository<SampleEntity, String> {

}

跟踪测试

    @Test
    void trackingBugCausedByValidatorNotPortable() {
        var entity = new SampleEntity();
        entity.setId("an id");
        repo.save(entity);
        repo.delete(entity);
        assertTrue(repo.existsById("an id"));
        fail("Add @UniqueId to SampleEntity and run");
    }

repo.save()成功， repo.delete()成功，但repo.existsById()因上述异常而中断

CustomConstraintValidatorFactory 和 ImplementationFactory

public class CustomConstraintValidatorFactory implements ConstraintValidatorFactory {

    private final ConstraintValidatorFactory defaultFactory;
    private final ImplementationFactory[] implementations;

    public CustomConstraintValidatorFactory(ConstraintValidatorFactory defaultFactory, ImplementationFactory... implementations) {
        this.defaultFactory = defaultFactory;
        this.implementations = implementations;
    }

    @Override
    public <T extends ConstraintValidator<?, ?>> T getInstance(Class<T> key) {
        return Arrays.stream(implementations)
            .filter(factory -> factory.supports(key))
            .findFirst()
            .map(ImplementationFactory::create)
            .map(v -> (T) v)
            .orElseGet(() -> defaultFactory.getInstance(key));
    }

    @Override
    public void releaseInstance(ConstraintValidator<?, ?> instance) {
    }
}

public class InheritanceMatchValidatorFactory implements ImplementationFactory {

    Class klass;
    Supplier<ConstraintValidator> validator;

    @Override
    public boolean supports(Class key) {
        return klass.isAssignableFrom(key);
    }

    @Override
    public ConstraintValidator<?, ?> create() {
        return validator.get();
    }

}

Answer 1

您可以尝试在测试类中实现 SpringConstraintValidatorFactory 并在尝试之前注入应用程序上下文并删除 @AllArgsConstructor @NoArgsConstructor。

@Import({Validator.class})
@ContextConfiguration(classes = Application.class)
public class Test {
    private LocalValidatorFactoryBean validator;

    @Autowired
    private ConfigurableApplicationContext applicationContext;

    @BeforeEach
    void initialize() {
        SpringConstraintValidatorFactory springConstraintValidatorFactory
                = new SpringConstraintValidatorFactory(
                applicationContext.getAutowireCapableBeanFactory());
        validator = new LocalValidatorFactoryBean();
        validator.setConstraintValidatorFactory(springConstraintValidatorFactory);
        validator.setApplicationContext(applicationContext);
        validator.afterPropertiesSet();
    }
    @Test
    void testValidator(){
        //call the validator here
    }
}

Answer 2

老兄这个问题一团糟。 没有解释你想要做什么。 您在 repo 上调用方法，该方法在那里不存在（您的意思是 CrudRepository 吗？），除非您自己定义它，然后它应该已显示。 实体未显示。 实际问题不是针对...

因此，您的 SampleRepository 似乎不是自动装配的。 很可能是因为你的

public LocalValidatorFactoryBean localValidatorFactoryBean(ConstraintValidatorFactory validatorFactory)

只是在那里设置一个默认的ConstraintValidatorFactoryImpl类，它只是通过反射使用无参数构造函数创建验证器实例，并且不会发生注入。 你能验证一下是不是这样吗？ 如果是这样，您需要找到一些执行注入的策略（可能是 SpringConstraintValidatorFactory 吗？）并设置这个，即。 尝试声明 SpringConstraintValidatorFactory bean 并使用该 bean 设置 LocalValidatorFactoryBean。

但这只是一个猜测，我对这个问题的理解不够充分。

Answer 3

错误堆栈是 NPE

Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException
    at com.packageName.UniqueIdValidator.isValid(UniqueIdValidator.java:27)
    at com.packageName.UniqueIdValidator.isValid(UniqueIdValidator.java:11)

所有你需要做的是确保你的String s对象不为空，而在调用isValid()

也许你可以这样做

@Override
    public boolean isValid(String s, ConstraintValidatorContext constraintValidatorContext) {
        return (!s.isEmpty ? !repo.existsById(s) : false);
    }

除此之外，您还应该确保您的repo对象也不为 null，我建议的一件事是使用您的 repo 对象而不是@Autowire创建构造函数。

@Service
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class UniqueIdValidator implements ConstraintValidator<UniqueId, String> {

    private final SampleRepository sampleRepository;

    public void UniqueIdValidator(SampleRepository sampleRepository){
         this.sampleRepository = sampleRepository;
    }

    @Override
    public void initialize(UniqueId constraintAnnotation) {

    }

    @Override
    public boolean isValid(String s, ConstraintValidatorContext constraintValidatorContext) {
        return !repo.existsById(s);
    }

}