Android Espresso - 在 swipeUp 到列表结尾后单击带有特定字符串的第一个 RecyclerView 项目

Question

基本上，Espresso scrollTo 不适用于此视图，因此要断言已创建一个项目，我必须将向上滑动到列表末尾并使用特定字符串检查第一个项目。 该项目是创建该项目的另一个测试的结果。 根据之前运行的测试次数，该项目重复多次是正常的。 现在我无法点击项目，因为它不是完全可见的，或者有多个。 我设法在不同的情况下分别解决了这两个问题，但在这个问题上却没有同时解决。

我使用来自 stackoverflow 的这段代码来避免多个类似的视图异常：

public class FirstViewMatcher extends BaseMatcher {

public static boolean matchedBefore = false;

public FirstViewMatcher() {
    matchedBefore = false;
}

@Override
public boolean matches(Object item) {
    if (matchedBefore) {
        return false;
    } else {
        matchedBefore = true;
        return true;
    }
}

@Override
public void describeTo(Description description) {
    description.appendText(" first similar view to appear.");
}

@Factory
public static <T> Matcher<View> firstView() {
    return new FirstViewMatcher();
}

并在执行单击时使用此代码，以便视图不需要完全可见。

ViewInteraction scrollView = onView(withId(R.id.ptr_layout));
    scrollView.perform(swipeUp(), swipeUp());
ViewInteraction testItem= onView(
            allOf(withText("Favorite Test"),
                    FirstViewMatcher.firstView()));
    testItem.check(matches(allOf(isEnabled(), isClickable()))).perform(
            new ViewAction() {
                @Override
                public Matcher<View> getConstraints() {
                    return ViewMatchers.isDisplayingAtLeast(1); // no constraints, they are checked above
                }

                @Override
                public String getDescription() {
                    return "clicking not fully visible item";
                }

                @Override
                public void perform(UiController uiController, View view) {
                    view.performClick();
                }
            }
    );

我收到此错误：

E/TestRunner: failed: a_CheckFavoriteDetails(ca.com.android.celero.Public.ACU_E_CheckFavoriteDetails)
----- begin exception -----
E/TestRunner: androidx.test.espresso.base.DefaultFailureHandler$AssertionFailedWithCauseError: '(is enabled and is clickable)' doesn't match the selected view.
Expected: (is enabled and is clickable)
     Got: "AppCompatTextView{id=2131362475, res-name=favourite_list_item_description, visibility=VISIBLE, width=837, height=50, has-focus=false, has-focusable=false, has-window-focus=true, is-clickable=false, is-enabled=true, is-focused=false, is-focusable=false, is-layout-requested=false, is-selected=false, layout-params=android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout$LayoutParams@83ce175, tag=null, root-is-layout-requested=false, has-input-connection=false, x=165.0, y=46.0, text=Favorite Test, input-type=0, ime-target=false, has-links=false}"

    at dalvik.system.VMStack.getThreadStackTrace(Native Method)
    at java.lang.Thread.getStackTrace(Thread.java:1720)
    at androidx.test.espresso.base.DefaultFailureHandler.getUserFriendlyError(DefaultFailureHandler.java:96)
    at androidx.test.espresso.base.DefaultFailureHandler.handle(DefaultFailureHandler.java:59)
    at androidx.test.espresso.ViewInteraction.waitForAndHandleInteractionResults(ViewInteraction.java:324)
    at androidx.test.espresso.ViewInteraction.check(ViewInteraction.java:306)
    at ca.com.android.celero.Public.ACU_E_CheckFavoriteDetails.a_CheckFavoriteDetails(ACU_E_CheckFavoriteDetails.java:166)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
    at androidx.test.internal.runner.junit4.statement.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:80)
    at androidx.test.internal.runner.junit4.statement.RunAfters.evaluate(RunAfters.java:61)
    at androidx.test.rule.ActivityTestRule$ActivityStatement.evaluate(ActivityTestRule.java:531)
    at androidx.test.rule.GrantPermissionRule$RequestPermissionStatement.evaluate(GrantPermissionRule.java:134)
    at org.junit.rules.RunRules.evaluate(RunRules.java:20)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325)
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:78)
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:57)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
    at androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4.run(AndroidJUnit4.java:104)
    at org.junit.runners.Suite.runChild(Suite.java:128)
    at org.junit.runners.Suite.runChild(Suite.java:27)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
    at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137)
    at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:115)
    at androidx.test.internal.runner.TestExecutor.execute(TestExecutor.java:56)
    at androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner.onStart(AndroidJUnitRunner.java:395)
    at android.app.Instrumentation$InstrumentationThread.run(Instrumentation.java:2189)
 Caused by: junit.framework.AssertionFailedError: '(is enabled and is clickable)' doesn't match the selected view.
Expected: (is enabled and is clickable)
     Got: "AppCompatTextView{id=2131362475, res-name=favourite_list_item_description, visibility=VISIBLE, width=837, height=50, has-focus=false, has-fo
----- end exception -----

Answer 1

ViewActions.scrollTo仅适用于ScrollView并且ViewActions.swipeUp在RecyclerView使用时可能会RecyclerView 。 FirstViewMatcher不是一个好的解决方案，因为它只会在第一次使用时起作用。 您收到错误是因为您希望TextView可点击，但事实并非如此。

相反，您应该考虑使用RecyclerViewActions对您的RecyclerView执行测试：

onView(R.id.your_recycler_view)
    .perform(actionOnItemAtPosition<RecyclerView.ViewHolder>(0, click())

RecyclerViewActions.actionOnItemAtPosition将滚动到该位置，然后执行操作。