[英]Injecting Dependency in Method in ASP.NET Core
我有以下场景:我得到了一个服务ICompanyDocumentsService
,其中有一个我在Startup
类中注册的单一实现CompanyDocumentsService
:
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
services.AddScoped<ICompanyDocumentService, CompanyDocumentService>();
}
我在很多地方都需要这个服务,在 Constructor 中使用 DI 并不会打扰我。 但是,有一个地方我需要在方法中注入它(或者可能在属性中会更好):
public abstract class CompanyDocumentBase
{
public abstract object GetAllProperties(Employee employee, string properties,
CompanyDocumentReferenceData documentReferenceData);
// blah, blah, lots of Formatting Methods
private CompanyDocumentService CompanyDocumentService { get; set; } // **inject service here**
public string GetFormattedEmployeeIndividualEmploymentAgreementNumber(Employee employee,
ICompanyDocumentService companyDocumentService = null) // **optional because
//inherited class doesn't need to know anything about this service, it concerns only it's result**
{
companyDocumentService = CompanyDocumentService;
var test =
companyDocumentService.GetEmloyeeIndividualEmploymentAgreementNumber(employee.Id);
return string.Empty;
}
}
有很多继承CompanyDocumentBase
类只关心它的方法结果,如上所述,这就是为什么该参数是可选的,这就是为什么我不需要在构造函数中注入 DI,因此继承类将不需要那个。
public class JobDescriptionCompanyDocument : CompanyDocumentBase
{
public override object GetAllProperties(Employee employee,
string properties, CompanyDocumentReferenceData documentReferenceData)
{
var document = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<JobDescriptionModel>(properties);
document.IndividualEmploymentAgreementNumber = GetEmployeeIndividualEmploymentAgreementNumber(employee);
return document;
}
}
有什么简单的方法可以实现这一目标吗? 最好不需要安装单独的库,如 Unity 或 Autofac。 理想的做法是以某种方式将CompanyDocumentsService
的实例直接放入该属性中,例如:
private CompanyDocumentService CompanyDocumentService => Startup.Services.blah that instance
一种 hack 方式(我个人不推荐它)是在构建容器之后,您可以解析IHttpContextAccessor
的实例并将其设置为静态类,例如IoC
然后你可以做private CompanyDocumentService CompanyDocumentService => IoC.HttpContextAccessor.HttpContext.RequestServices.GetService()
。
该接口是一个单例,并提供从静态上下文对范围服务的访问。
请注意,您可能必须明确注册 HttpContextAccessor: https ://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/aspnet/core/fundamentals/http-context ? view = aspnetcore-3.1
更新
我会推荐什么
如果您对对象工厂持开放态度,并改变了DocumentBase
的实例化方式,请尝试创建一个工厂,并且每当您需要DocumentBase
的实例时,只使用工厂来创建它:
public abstract class CompanyDocumentBase
{
// Use internal so that access only limited to friendly assembly
internal CompanyDocumentService CompanyDocumentService { get; set; }
}
// Inject this class to where you need to create an instance of CompanyDocumentBase
public class CompanyDocumentFactory<T> where T : CompanyDocumentBase
{
private readonly IServiceProvider _services;
// DI contaiener has implicit IServiceProvider support, when you do this on constructor, it injects service provider of *current* scope
// If this factory is registered as singleton, you need to use IHttpContextAccessor to use request's service provider in Create method
// because your DocumentService is scoped.
public CompanyDocumentFactory(IServiceProvider services)
{
_services = services;
}
public T Create()
{
// Create an instance of document use your current method.
var instance = new T();
instance.CompanyDocumentService = _services.GetRequiredService<ICompanyDocumentService>();
return instance;
}
}
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