尝试安装 polymer 时出现 npm 错误

Question

我正在尝试使用 html 和 javascript 来测试传感器，就像这里显示的那样，但是当我尝试安装polymer时，正如它在自述文件中所写的那样，我收到此错误：

kupu@kupu:~/Dropbox/IOT/generic-sensor-demos/sensor-info$ npm install -g polymer-cli
npm WARN checkPermissions Missing write access to /usr/local/lib/node_modules
npm ERR! code EACCES
npm ERR! syscall access
npm ERR! path /usr/local/lib/node_modules
npm ERR! errno -13
npm ERR! Error: EACCES: permission denied, access '/usr/local/lib/node_modules'
npm ERR!  { [Error: EACCES: permission denied, access '/usr/local/lib/node_modules']
npm ERR!   stack:
npm ERR!    'Error: EACCES: permission denied, access \'/usr/local/lib/node_modules\'',
npm ERR!   errno: -13,
npm ERR!   code: 'EACCES',
npm ERR!   syscall: 'access',
npm ERR!   path: '/usr/local/lib/node_modules' }
npm ERR! 
npm ERR! The operation was rejected by your operating system.
npm ERR! It is likely you do not have the permissions to access this file as the current user
npm ERR! 
npm ERR! If you believe this might be a permissions issue, please double-check the
npm ERR! permissions of the file and its containing directories, or try running
npm ERR! the command again as root/Administrator.

npm ERR! A complete log of this run can be found in:
npm ERR!     /home/kupu/.npm/_logs/2020-05-09T17_52_32_877Z-debug.log

即使我尝试以sudo运行它，我也会得到：

kupu@kupu:~/Dropbox/IOT/generic-sensor-demos/sensor-info$ sudo npm install -g polymer-cli
/usr/local/bin/polymer -> /usr/local/lib/node_modules/polymer-cli/bin/polymer.js

> wd@1.11.2 install /usr/local/lib/node_modules/polymer-cli/node_modules/wd
> node scripts/build-browser-scripts

/usr/local/lib/node_modules/polymer-cli/node_modules/mkdirp/index.js:90
                    throw err0;
                    ^

Error: EACCES: permission denied, mkdir '/usr/local/lib/node_modules/polymer-cli/node_modules/wd/build'
    at Object.mkdirSync (fs.js:753:3)
    at sync (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/polymer-cli/node_modules/mkdirp/index.js:71:13)
    at Object.<anonymous> (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/polymer-cli/node_modules/wd/scripts/build-browser-scripts.js:6:1)
    at Module._compile (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:689:30)
    at Object.Module._extensions..js (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:700:10)
    at Module.load (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:599:32)
    at tryModuleLoad (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:538:12)
    at Function.Module._load (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:530:3)
    at Function.Module.runMain (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:742:12)
    at startup (internal/bootstrap/node.js:283:19)
npm WARN optional SKIPPING OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY: fsevents@1.2.9 (node_modules/polymer-cli/node_modules/fsevents):
npm WARN notsup SKIPPING OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY: Unsupported platform for fsevents@1.2.9: wanted {"os":"darwin","arch":"any"} (current: {"os":"linux","arch":"x64"})

npm ERR! code ELIFECYCLE
npm ERR! errno 1
npm ERR! wd@1.11.2 install: `node scripts/build-browser-scripts`
npm ERR! Exit status 1
npm ERR! 
npm ERR! Failed at the wd@1.11.2 install script.
npm ERR! This is probably not a problem with npm. There is likely additional logging output above.

npm ERR! A complete log of this run can be found in:
npm ERR!     /root/.npm/_logs/2020-05-09T17_53_02_303Z-debug.log

有没有好的灵魂可以帮助我？

Answer 1

您遇到了典型的 npm EACCES 权限问题。 这与您的用户无权修改 npm 尝试存储全局包的目录有关。 这可能很烦人。 您应该在这里查看最适合您的解决方案： https://docs.npmjs.com/resolving-eacces-permissions-errors-when-installing-packages-globally

Answer 2

你可以修复它，

sudo npm install --unsafe-perm -g polymer-cli

Unsafe-perm 标志设置为 true 以在运行 package 脚本时抑制用户标识符/组标识符切换。该标志明确设置为 false 以防止非 root 用户安装包。

您也可以尝试更改node_modules的所有权，

要将所有权更改为当前用户作为组 -

sudo chown -R root: <YOUR_USERNAME>/usr/local/lib/node_modules/

sudo chmod -R 775 /usr/local/lib/node_modules/

并且永远不要使用sudo进行 npm 相关查询。