Laravel eloquent 如果关系不存在如何创建？

Question

我想查找或创建用户->设置关系。 我尝试使用$this->hasOne(UserSettings::class)->withDefault(); ，但是这个方法返回新的关系，而我需要在数据库中创建和存储默认值的关系，然后返回它。 有什么办法吗？

路线

 Route::get('settings', function (Request $request) {
            return $request->user()->load('settings');
        });

关系

 public function settings()
    {
        return $this->hasOne(UserSettings::class)->withDefault( // I want to save row with this values in DB if it not exists and return it after
            [
            'backup_password' => '',
            'backup_email' => '',
            'codeword' => '',
            'security_notifications' => 0,
            'password_changed_at' => null,
            'two_step_authentication' => 0
        ]);
}

UPD

我像这样解决了这个问题，但我很确定有更好更清洁的解决方案

if(!($this->hasOne(UserSettings::class)->exists())) {
            $settings = new UserSettings();
            $settings->user_id = Auth::id();
            $settings->backup_password = '';
            $settings->backup_email = '';
            $settings->codeword = '';
            $settings->security_notifications = 0;
            $settings->password_changed_at = null;
            $settings->two_step_authentication = 0;
            $settings->save();
        }
        return $this->hasOne(UserSettings::class);

Answer 1

例如，更清洁的方法是

public function settings()
{
    return $this->hasOne(UserSettings::class)->withDefault(function ($settings, $user) {
        $settings->fill([
            'backup_password' => '',
            'backup_email' => '',
            'codeword' => '',
            'security_notifications' => 0,
            'password_changed_at' => null,
            'two_step_authentication' => 0,
        ]);

        $user->settings()->save($settings);
    });
}

如果您的默认属性是恒定的，甚至更好

在您的用户设置UserSettings

/**
     * The model's default values for attributes.
     *
     * @var array
     */
    protected $attributes = [
            'backup_password' => '',
            'backup_email' => '',
            'codeword' => '',
            'security_notifications' => 0,
            'password_changed_at' => null,
            'two_step_authentication' => 0,
        ];

public function settings()
{
    return $this->hasOne(UserSettings::class)->withDefault(function ($settings, $user) {
        $user->settings()->save($settings);
    });
}

Answer 2

最好对用户 model 有一个单独的方法，该方法调用现有关系或创建新关系并将其保存到数据库中。 例如：

public function settings()
{
    return $this->hasOne(UserSettings::class)->withDefault(
        UserSettings::defaultAttributes()
    );
}

// This checks to see if the relationship already exists within
// the database and if it does not then creates a new relationship,
// saves it to the database with the default attributes which you
// could make on the UserSettings model and then returns the user Model
// with the new settings.
public function loadOrCreateSettings()
{
    if ( ! $this->settings()->exists()) {
        $this->settings()->create(UserSettings::defaultAttributes());
    }

    return $this;
}

这样做意味着您的路线更干净，并且您让用户 model 处理逻辑。

Route::get('settings', function (Request $request) {
     return $request->user()->loadOrCreateSettings();
});