繁体   English   中英

Scanf 在 VS Code 中无法按预期工作

[英]Scanf doesn't work as expected in VS Code

我练习了一个简单的例子,在 C 中输入运算符:代码如下:

#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
    int a,b;
    char opera;
    printf("input 2 integer number ");
    scanf("%d %d",&a,&b);

    printf("\n input the operator: ");
    scanf("%c", &opera);

    switch (opera)
    {
    case '+':
        printf("result is %d \n", a+b);
        break; 
    default:
        break;
    }
}

问题:终端将通过输入运算符

input 2 integer number
4 5
input the operator:
PS D:\Quang\3. Study\C\Bai 2\.vscode>

但如果我先输入操作,它会起作用:

#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
    int a,b;
    char opera;
    printf("\n input the operator: ");
    scanf("%c", &opera);
    printf("input 2 integer number");
    scanf("%d %d",&a,&b);
    switch (opera)
    {
    case '+':
        printf("result is %d \n",a+b);
        break; 
    default:
        break;
    }
}

结果:

input the operator: +
input 2 integer number 4 5
result is 9

有人对 VS Code 有同样的问题吗?

那么在扫描两个整数之后, stdin缓冲区不是空的,一个'\n'新行字符留在那里,所以在读取一个字符作为运算符之后,你实际上读取了那个新行字符,所以你可以通过制作来解决这个问题自定义刷新 function,它只读取留在标准输入中的字符,如下所示:

#include <stdio.h>

// make stdin buffer empty
void flush() {
  int c;
  while(1) {
    c = fgetc(stdin);
    if(c == EOF || c == '\n') break;
  }
}

int main() {
  int a, b;
  char opera;
  printf("input 2 integer number ");
  scanf("%d %d",&a,&b);
  flush();
  printf("input the operator: ");
  scanf("%c", &opera);

  // I have added other operators
  switch (opera) {
    case '+': printf("result is %d", a + b); break;
    case '-': printf("result is %d", a - b); break;
    case '/': printf("result is %d", a / b); break;
    case '*': printf("result is %d", a * b); break;
    case '%': printf("result is %d", a % b); break;
    default: printf("unknown operation");
  }
}

或者只是在读取实际运算符之前使用 scanf 读取新行字符,如下所示:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
  int a, b;
  char opera;
  printf("input 2 integer number ");
  scanf("%d %d",&a,&b);
  printf("input the operator: ");
  // read the new line char before reading the operator
  scanf(" %c", &opera);

  // I have added other operators
  switch(opera) {
    case '+': printf("result is %d", a + b); break;
    case '-': printf("result is %d", a - b); break;
    case '/': printf("result is %d", a / b); break;
    case '*': printf("result is %d", a * b); break;
    case '%': printf("result is %d", a % b); break;
    default: printf("unknown operation");
  }
}

结果:

input 2 integer number 4 5
input the operator: *
result is 20

那是因为您首先输入了2个数字...

input 2 integer number 4 5

最后,您按回车键。 所以这个 '\n' 字符存储在输入缓冲区中......当你的下一条语句执行时:

scanf("%c", &opera);

此输入由缓冲区中已存在的 '\n' 完成。 这会导致跳过输入。

解决方案:-

使用以下语句。

scanf(" %c",&opera);        // Any extra spaces or newline will be discarded...

你想读这个:-

C - 常见问题

有两种方法可以解决这个问题:

  1. scanf(..., &opera)语句之前使用fflush(stdin)
  2. 如果您不想执行上述步骤,只需在scanf(..., &opera)%c字符之前留一个空格,例如:

     scanf(" %c", &opera);

暂无
暂无

声明:本站的技术帖子网页,遵循CC BY-SA 4.0协议,如果您需要转载,请注明本站网址或者原文地址。任何问题请咨询:yoyou2525@163.com.

 
粤ICP备18138465号  © 2020-2024 STACKOOM.COM