Tomcat 9 JDK 14 “java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/xml/ws/WebServiceRef”

Question

I have a java web app that has been working normally with Netbeans 12 and Tomcat 9. However, I recently updated my JDK from 1.8.0 to 14.0.2 and now I get this error every time I try to run the project:

27-Jul-2020 23:29:47.565 SEVERE [http-nio-8080-exec-6] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.filterStart Exception starting filter [Tomcat WebSocket (JSR356) Filter]
 java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/xml/ws/WebServiceRef
    at org.apache.catalina.core.DefaultInstanceManager.populateAnnotationsCache(DefaultInstanceManager.java:303)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.DefaultInstanceManager.newInstance(DefaultInstanceManager.java:142)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.DefaultInstanceManager.newInstance(DefaultInstanceManager.java:135)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.<init>(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:111)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.filterStart(StandardContext.java:4481)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5121)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:740)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:716)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:703)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDescriptor(HostConfig.java:620)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployApps(HostConfig.java:491)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.check(HostConfig.java:1644)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:564)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.modeler.BaseModelMBean.invoke(BaseModelMBean.java:300)
    at java.management/com.sun.jmx.interceptor.DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.invoke(DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.java:809)
    at java.management/com.sun.jmx.mbeanserver.JmxMBeanServer.invoke(JmxMBeanServer.java:801)
    at org.apache.catalina.manager.ManagerServlet.check(ManagerServlet.java:1479)
    at org.apache.catalina.manager.ManagerServlet.deploy(ManagerServlet.java:900)
    at org.apache.catalina.manager.ManagerServlet.doGet(ManagerServlet.java:334)
    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:634)
    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:741)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:231)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
    at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:53)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:199)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:96)
    at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:592)
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.RequestFilterValve.process(RequestFilterValve.java:319)
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.RemoteAddrValve.invoke(RemoteAddrValve.java:88)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:140)
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:80)
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.AbstractAccessLogValve.invoke(AbstractAccessLogValve.java:625)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:87)
    at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:342)
    at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:498)
    at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:66)
    at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:796)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1372)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:49)
    at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1130)
    at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:630)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
    at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:832)

我已将 javax.xml.ws 添加到我的 pom 文件中，但没有运气：

<dependency>
    <groupId>javax.xml.ws</groupId>
    <artifactId>jaxws-api</artifactId>
    <version>2.3.1</version>
</dependency>

我也试过没有成功：

• 在我的 pom 中使用 jakarta 版本而不是 javax
• 将 jaxws-api jar 添加到 Tomcat 的 lib 文件夹
• 切换到 JDK 9、10、11、13
• 切换到 Tomcat 8.5、10

我什至可以在我的代码中导入/引用 WebServiceRef class 而不会出现编译错误，所以我知道它就在那里。 为什么我会收到此错误/如何解决？

如果需要，我可以发布更多详细信息。

编辑：

我相信错误在于启动 Tomcat 而不是运行我的项目。 我的项目能够毫无错误地构建 - 只有在部署它时我才会收到错误。 我已经下载了 Tomcat 的源代码，并且确实可以看到 WebServiceRef class 的使用。 我的想法是，由于 javax.xml.ws 不再包含在 JDK 9+ 中，因此 Tomcat 的代码会引发错误。 我只是不知道如何为 Tomcat 添加库以使用 - 将其添加到 lib 文件夹中不起作用。

Answer 1

我终于能够通过将以下 JARs 添加到 Tomcat 的 lib 文件夹（JAX WS API 及其所有依赖项）来解决此问题：

• jaxws-api-2.3.1
• jaxb-api-2.3.1
• javax.xml.soap-api-1.4.0
• javax.annotation-api-1.3.2
• java.activation-api-1.2.0