[英]Request-scoped beans not working in Spring tests with Cucumber
我有一个基于 Spring 4.3.28 的应用程序(即不是 Spring Boot。),我想将我的集成测试迁移到 Cucumber。
我已经按照本教程进行了调整,并将其改编为普通的 Spring。
到目前为止,我编写的测试工作正常(Spring 上下文已初始化等),但是一旦涉及请求范围的 bean,它们就会停止工作:
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: No thread-bound request found: Are you
referring to request attributes outside of an actual web request, or processing a
request outside of the originally receiving thread? If you are actually operating
within a web request and still receive this message, your code is probably running
outside of DispatcherServlet/DispatcherPortlet: In this case, use
RequestContextListener or RequestContextFilter to expose the current request.
我创建了一个尝试重现该问题的小型示例项目。
有一个名为 AppConfig 的上下文配置 class:
@Configuration
public class AppConfig {
@Bean
@Scope("request“) // when this line is removed, the test succeeds
public ExampleService exampleService() {
return new ExampleService();
}
@Bean("dependency")
@Scope("request") // when this line is removed, the test succeeds
public String dependencyBean() {
return "dependency bean";
}
}
ExampleService 是请求范围的,并获得一个由@Autowired 注入的请求范围的 bean:
public class ExampleService {
@Autowired
@Qualifier("dependency")
String dependencyBean;
public String process() { return "I have a "+dependencyBean; }
}
对于测试,我有一个带有 Spring 注释的超类:
@ContextConfiguration(classes = AppConfig.class)
@CucumberContextConfiguration
@WebAppConfiguration
public class TestBase {
@Autowired
public ExampleService underTest;
}
还有一个简单的 Spring 测试运行得很好:
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
public class ExampleServicePlainSpringTest extends TestBase {
@Test
public void whenProcessingDataThenResultShouldBeReturned() {
assertThat(this.underTest.process()).isEqualTo("I have a dependency bean");
}
}
Cucumber 测试由该测试 class 存根执行:
@RunWith(Cucumber.class)
public class ExampleServiceCucumberTest extends TestBase {}
实际的 cucumber 步骤定义在这里:
public class CucumberStepDefinitions extends TestBase {
private String result;
@When("I process data")
public void iProcessData() {
result = this.underTest.process();
}
@Then("the result should be returned")
public void checkResult() {
assertThat(result).isEqualTo("I have a dependency bean");
}
}
Cucumber 的 .feature 文件位于 src/test/resources 目录下,package 名称与步骤定义 class 相同:
Feature: Example
Scenario: Example service bean returns dependency
When I process data
Then the result should be returned
通常当我遇到“no thread-bound request found”错误时,这是因为缺少@WebAppConfiguration
注解,或者当我尝试将请求范围的 bean 注入到非请求范围的 bean 中时。 但这里不是这样。 我究竟做错了什么?
我能够弄清楚如何解决它; 更新的代码位于问题中链接的 github 存储库中。
使用SpringRunner
时,请求上下文在 ServletTestExecutionListener 中初始化,该ServletTestExecutionListener
隐式添加到测试的TestExecutionListener
列表中。 初始化发生在该侦听器的beforeTestMethod()
方法中。
但是,正如@MPKorsanje 在评论中正确指出的那样(谢谢),Cucumber 没有测试方法,所以beforeTestMethod()
永远不会执行。
我的解决方案是添加ServletTestExecutionListener
的自定义子类作为TestExecutionListener
,它将beforeTestClass()
调用委托给beforeTestMethod()
:
public class ClassLevelServletTestExecutionListener extends ServletTestExecutionListener {
@Override
public void beforeTestClass(TestContext testContext) throws Exception {
super.beforeTestMethod(testContext);
}
@Override
public void afterTestClass(TestContext testContext) throws Exception {
super.afterTestMethod(testContext);
}
}
在ExampleServiceCucumberTest
中:
@ContextConfiguration(classes = {AppConfig.class})
@CucumberContextConfiguration
@WebAppConfiguration
@TestExecutionListeners(ClassLevelServletTestExecutionListener.class)
// extend the Spring class to get the default TestExecutionListeners
public class TestBase extends AbstractJUnit4SpringContextTests {
@Autowired
public ExampleService underTest;
}
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