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为什么这 3 行代码会返回 address-sanitizer 错误?

[英]Why does these 3 lines of code return address-sanitizer error?

在此处输入图片说明

int* mostVisited(int n, int* rounds, int roundsSize, int* returnSize){
  
    
    returnSize=malloc(sizeof(int)*100);
    
     printf("%d", roundsSize);
  
    return returnSize;
}

在这里你可以试试代码: https : //leetcode.com/contest/weekly-contest-203/problems/most-visited-sector-in-a-circular-track/

编辑:如果我评论print行,错误就会消失。

这是来自 Leetcode 的挑战,我知道我以某种方式访问​​了未分配的内存块,我访问了分配的内存堆栈中的某些内容。

我能想出的唯一解释是 Leetcode 的网站以某种方式不允许我在int函数中打印。

错误:

=================================================================
==32==ERROR: AddressSanitizer: heap-buffer-overflow on address 0x6140000001d0 at pc 0x000000404edd bp 0x7ffd3d94c7e0 sp 0x7ffd3d94c7d0
READ of size 4 at 0x6140000001d0 thread T0
    #2 0x7f337c09f82f in __libc_start_main (/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6+0x2082f)
0x6140000001d0 is located 0 bytes to the right of 400-byte region [0x614000000040,0x6140000001d0)
allocated by thread T0 here:
    #0 0x7f337d0baf88 in malloc (/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libasan.so.5+0x10bf88)
    #3 0x7f337c09f82f in __libc_start_main (/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6+0x2082f)
Shadow bytes around the buggy address:
  0x0c287fff7fe0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
  0x0c287fff7ff0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
  0x0c287fff8000: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
  0x0c287fff8010: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
  0x0c287fff8020: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
=>0x0c287fff8030: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00[fa]fa fa fa fa fa
  0x0c287fff8040: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd
  0x0c287fff8050: fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd
  0x0c287fff8060: fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd
  0x0c287fff8070: fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd fd
  0x0c287fff8080: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa
Shadow byte legend (one shadow byte represents 8 application bytes):
  Addressable:           00
  Partially addressable: 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 
  Heap left redzone:       fa
  Freed heap region:       fd
  Stack left redzone:      f1
  Stack mid redzone:       f2
  Stack right redzone:     f3
  Stack after return:      f5
  Stack use after scope:   f8
  Global redzone:          f9
  Global init order:       f6
  Poisoned by user:        f7
  Container overflow:      fc
  Array cookie:            ac
  Intra object redzone:    bb
  ASan internal:           fe
  Left alloca redzone:     ca
  Right alloca redzone:    cb
  Shadow gap:              cc
==32==ABORTING

您的代码有问题,但不是您认为的问题。 printf不能有错误:您传递了roundsSize的值, roundsSize打印它,句点。

你传递了returnSize ,它是一个指针。 然后分配给本地版本的returnSize ,它不会返回给调用者(为此,您需要**returnSize )。 但是无论如何你都会返回新值......你实际上想要做什么?

returnSize可能已经指向调用函数可读的良好内存位置。 它的目的是作为另一个返回值,以便您可以通知调用函数您要返回的数组的大小。 相反,您正在重新分配(本地版本)它以指向您也返回的数组。

调用函数永远不会看到returnSize这种更改,因为您对它所做的唯一更改已本地化到该函数,并且没有修改存储在原始内存地址的数据。 这个地址的数据可能是垃圾,因为它期望你的函数赋予它它的价值。 如果此垃圾值恰好大于数组的大小,则调用函数可能会尝试读取您分配的数组末尾。

所以你应该这样做的方式可能是这样的:

int* mostVisited(int n, int* rounds, int roundsSize, int* returnSize){
{
    *returnSize = 100; // or however it is that the size of the array should be determined
    int *ret = malloc(sizeof(*ret) * *returnSize);

    return ret;
}

当然,该函数应该做什么的其余逻辑仍然由您来完成。

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