MockMVC JsonPath 响应有空体？

Question

测试 controller 给出以下错误：java.lang.AssertionError：JSON 路径“$.firstName”处没有值。 显然，由于某种原因，我的回复内容是空的。 Controller 是一个 RestController 并且我是正确的 mocking 服务。 有人能帮我吗？

测试类：

@WebMvcTest(EmployeeController.class)
class EmployeeControllerTest {
    Employee employee = new Employee();

    @Autowired
    private MockMvc mvc;

    @MockBean
    private EmployeeServiceImpl service;


    @BeforeEach
    public void initEmployee() {
        employee.setFirstName("John");
        employee.setLastName("Doe");
        employee.setPlace("xxxx");
        employee.setEmployeeTitle(EmployeeTitle.SENIOR_JAVA_DEVELOPER);
        employee.setEmployeeId(1L);

    }

    @Test
    public void createEmployeeAPI() throws Exception {

        when(service.addNewEmployee(employee)).thenReturn(employee);

        mvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders
                .post("/employees")
                .content(asJsonString(employee))
                .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
                .accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON))
                .andDo(MockMvcResultHandlers.print())
                .andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isOk())
                .andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.jsonPath("$.firstName").value("John"));

    }

请求是正确的，但显然响应的主体是空的（参见下面的控制台 output）：

MockHttpServletRequest:
      HTTP Method = POST
      Request URI = /employees
       Parameters = {}
          Headers = [Content-Type:"application/json;charset=UTF-8", Accept:"application/json", Content-Length:"124"]
             Body = {"employeeId":1,"firstName":"John","lastName":"Doe","employeeTitle":"SENIOR_JAVA_DEVELOPER","place":"xxxx","photoURrl":null}
    Session Attrs = {}

MockHttpServletResponse:
           Status = 200
    Error message = null
          Headers = [Vary:"Origin", "Access-Control-Request-Method", "Access-Control-Request-Headers"]
     Content type = null
             Body = 
    Forwarded URL = null
   Redirected URL = null
          Cookies = []

Controller 代码：

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/employees")
public class EmployeeController extends ExceptionHandling {
    private final EmployeeService employeeService;

    @Autowired
    public EmployeeController(EmployeeService employeeService) {
        this.employeeService = employeeService;
    }

    @PostMapping()
    public Employee addEmployee(@RequestBody Employee employee) {
        return employeeService.addNewEmployee(employee);
    }

Answer 1

问题出在这里：

when(service.addNewEmployee(employee)).thenReturn(employee);

Internally Mockito uses an Object class's equals() method to compare object that has been passed to the method as an argument with object configured. 如果 equals() 未被覆盖，则使用 java.lang.Object 的 equals() 仅比较引用，即如果两个变量都指向一个且相同的 object 在堆中。 在当前示例中，Employe class（可能）没有实现 equals() 方法。 当提供预期的一个新的 object 时，会创建一个新的 object，引用不一样，因此 Mockito 将无法通过验证。

因为员工object是从json序列化而来，所以不是同一个object。

您可以使用Mockito.any()或Mockito.any(Employee.class)来解决此问题。