Rails docker postgres 连接被拒绝

Question

我正在尝试 dockerize 我的 Rails 应用程序，但是当我想使用 docker-compose 运行它时出现此错误：

! Unable to load application: PG::ConnectionBad: could not connect to server: Connection refused
    Is the server running on host "postgres" (127.0.0.1) and accepting
    TCP/IP connections on port 5432?

我的 docker-compose 文件是：

version: '2'
services:
  web:
    build: .
    image: cda_app
    container_name: "cda_app_web"
    ports:
      - '127.0.0.1:${WEB_PORT}:3000'
    env_file: .env
    volumes:
      - gems:/gems
      - ./:/var/www/app
    logging:
      driver: 'json-file'
      options:
        max-size: '100m'
        max-file: '5'
    links:
      - redis
      - postgres
    entrypoint: 'bundle exec puma -C config/puma.rb'
  redis:
    image: 'redis'
    volumes:
      - redis:/data
      - redis_log:/var/log/redis
  postgres:
    image: 'postgres:12.4'
    volumes:
      - postgres:/var/lib/postgresql/data
      - postgres_log:/var/log/postgresql
volumes:
  gems:
  redis:
  redis_log:
  postgres:
  postgres_log:

Dockerfile：

ARG BASE_IMAGE=ruby:2.7.1
FROM $BASE_IMAGE

RUN apt-get update && \
  apt-get install -y \
    apt-utils \
    build-essential \
    cmake \
    curl \
    ghostscript \
    libmagic-dev \
    libpq-dev \
    openssh-client \
    rename \
  && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

RUN curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_12.x | bash && apt-get install -y nodejs
RUN npm install -g yarn

WORKDIR /var/www/app

RUN mkdir /gems
ENV BUNDLE_PATH=/gems
RUN gem install bundler

ARG BUNDLE_WITHOUT=development:test
COPY Gemfile Gemfile.lock ./
RUN bundle install --jobs $(nproc) --with BUNDLE_WITHOUT

COPY package.json yarn.lock ./
RUN yarn install --check-files --ignore-optional

COPY . .

RUN rename -f -v 's/\.sample//' config/*sample.yml

EXPOSE 3000

CMD ./bin/puma -b tcp://0.0.0.0:3000

我的数据库.yml：

default: &default
  pool: <%= ENV["DB_POOL"] %>
  template: 'template0'
  adapter: 'postgresql'
  database: <%= ENV["DB_NAME"] %>
  username: <%= ENV["DB_USER"] %>
  host: <%= ENV["DB_HOST"] %>
  port: <%= ENV["DB_PORT"] %>
  password: <%= ENV["DB_PASSWORD"] %>
  timeout: 5000
  encoding: 'utf8'
  min_messages: WARNING

development:
  <<: *default
  database: <%= ENV["DB_NAME"] %>_development

test:
  <<: *default
  database: <%= ENV["DB_NAME"] %>_test<%= ENV['TEST_ENV_NUMBER'] %>

production:
  <<: *default
  database: <%= ENV["DB_NAME"] %>_production

.env 文件：

DB_NAME=cda_database
DB_HOST=postgres
DB_USER=postgres
DB_PASSWORD=postgres
DB_PORT=5432
DB_POOL=5

我不明白我做错了什么？，看来我做的一切都是正确的。 但我得到了错误。 我正在使用 Digitalocean，此外，数据库在 docker 之外工作。 但它无法在 docker 中访问。

Answer 1

您可以在 docker-compose 文件中进行尝试。 我希望它工作

postgres:
  image: 'postgres:12.4'
  volumes:
    - postgres:/var/lib/postgresql/data
    - postgres_log:/var/log/postgresql
  environment:
    - POSTGRES_USER= postgres
    - POSTGRES_PASSWORD= postgres

Answer 2

您可以在docker-compose.yml中为postgresql分别编写环境变量，例如：

version: '2'
services:
  web:
    build: .
    image: cda_app
    container_name: "cda_app_web"
    ports:
      - '127.0.0.1:${WEB_PORT}:3000'
    env_file: .env
    volumes:
      - gems:/gems
      - ./:/var/www/app
    logging:
      driver: 'json-file'
      options:
        max-size: '100m'
        max-file: '5'
    links:
      - redis
      - postgres
    entrypoint: 'bundle exec puma -C config/puma.rb'
  redis:
    image: 'redis'
    volumes:
      - redis:/data
      - redis_log:/var/log/redis
  postgres:
    image: 'postgres:12.4'
    volumes:
      - postgres:/var/lib/postgresql/data
      - postgres_log:/var/log/postgresql
  environment:
      POSTGRES_PASSWORD: "${DB_PASSWORD}"
      POSTGRES_USER: "${DB_USER}"
      POSTGRES_DB: "${DB_NAME}"

volumes:
  gems:
  redis:
  redis_log:
  postgres:
  postgres_log:

请注意，file.env 必须与 docker-compose.yml 位于同一目录中