Mocking 使用 JUnit/Mockito 的保存方法

Question

I'm writing a spring boot web app and am trying to figure out how to unit test a method that is simply saving a record to a db using junit and mockito, which I've never used before. 这是我的保存方法：

    @PostMapping
    public ResponseEntity<?> saveRecord(@RequestBody Record record, BindingResult result) {
        if(!result.hasErrors()) {
            Record newRecord = recordsService.save(record);
            // Return the location of the created resource
            URI uri = ServletUriComponentsBuilder.fromCurrentRequest().path("/{recordId}").buildAndExpand(newRecord.getId()).toUri();
            return new ResponseEntity<>(uri, HttpStatus.CREATED);
        } else {
            return new ResponseEntity<>(result.getAllErrors(), HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST);
        }
    }

请注意，它返回一个 ResponseEntity<?> object，我有点不确定如何在测试中重新创建它，因为 ResponseEntity 可能包含 URI 或输入中的错误，以及 HttpStatus。 所以我想知道是否可以在编写这个单元测试时获得一些帮助。 假设我从这个开始：

@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
public class RecordsControllerTest {

    @Mock
    private RecordRepo recordRepo;

    @InjectMocks
    private RecordsService recordsService = new RecordsService();

     @Test
     public void saveRecordTest() {
         Record mock = new Record();

         //case 1: HttpStatus.CREATED
         Mockito.when(recordsService.save(Mockito.any(Record.class))).thenReturn(...);

         //case 2: HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST
         Mockito.when(recordsService.save(Mockito.any(Record.class))).thenReturn(...);

     }
.
.
.
}

Answer 1

第一：如果你使用@InjectMocks，那么你不应该自己创建recordsService ，而是让 Mockito 创建它：

@InjectMocks
private RecordsService recordsService;

也就是说，我建议使用 @WebMvcTest 来测试 Spring 控制器。

@WebMvcTest(GreetingController.class)
public class RecordsControllerTest {
    
     @Autowired
     private MockMvc mockMvc;

     @MockBean
     private RecordsService recordsService;

     @Test
     public void saveRecordTest() {
         Record mock = new Record();

         //case 1: HttpStatus.CREATED
         Mockito.when(recordsService.save(Mockito.any(Record.class))).thenReturn(...);

         //case 2: HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST
         Mockito.when(recordsService.save(Mockito.any(Record.class))).thenReturn(...);

     }
.
.
.
}

有关更多详细信息，请参阅https://spring.io/guides/gs/testing-web/