繁体   English   中英

当我更改 model 层的属性时 animation 中的意外行为

[英]Unexpected behaviour in animation when i change the properties of the model layers

参考这篇文章,我正在尝试将动画调整为横向模式。 基本上我想要的是旋转-90°(顺时针90°)的所有图层,并且动画水平运行而不是垂直运行。 作者没有费心解释背后的逻辑,obj-c 中有十几个纸张折叠库,它们都基于相同的架构,所以显然这是 go 进行折叠的方式。

编辑:为了进一步阐明我想要实现的目标,在这里您可以查看我想要的动画的三个快照(起点、半场和终点)。 在上面链接的问题中,animation 从下到上折叠,而我希望它从左到右折叠。

在下面,您可以查看稍加调整的原始项目:

  • 我改变了灰色bottomSleeve层的最终角度值,以及红色和蓝色的角度;
  • 我通过将perspectiveLayer speed设置为0来暂停动画初始化并添加了 slider,然后将 slider 值设置为等于perspectiveLayer timeOffset以便您可以通过滑动交互地运行动画的每一帧。 当 slider 上的触摸事件结束时,动画将从相对于当前timeOffset的帧恢复到最终值。
  • 在运行使用CATransaction添加到相关表示层的每个 animation 之前,我更改了所有 model 层值。 此外,完成后, perspectiveLayer速度再次设置为0
  • 为了更好的视觉理解,我将perspectiveLayer backgroundColor设置为cyan

只是指出,有两个主要功能:

  1. viewDidLoad()中调用的setupLayers()负责设置图层位置和锚点,以及将它们作为子图层添加到mainView图层。
  2. animate() ,在setupLayers()中递归调用,负责添加动画。 在这里,我还将 model 图层值设置为相关动画的最终值,然后再添加它们。

只需复制、粘贴并运行:

class ViewController: UIViewController {

var transform: CATransform3D = CATransform3DIdentity
var topSleeve: CALayer = CALayer()
var middleSleeve: CALayer = CALayer()
var bottomSleeve: CALayer = CALayer()
var topShadow: CALayer = CALayer()
var middleShadow: CALayer = CALayer()
let width: CGFloat = 300
let height: CGFloat = 150
var firstJointLayer: CATransformLayer = CATransformLayer()
var secondJointLayer:CATransformLayer = CATransformLayer()
var sizeHeight: CGFloat = 0
var positionY: CGFloat = 0

var perspectiveLayer: CALayer = {
    let perspectiveLayer = CALayer()
    perspectiveLayer.speed = 0.0
    perspectiveLayer.fillMode = .removed
    return perspectiveLayer
}()

var mainView: UIView = {
    let view = UIView()
    return view
}()

private let slider: UISlider = {
    let slider = UISlider()
    slider.addTarget(self, action: #selector(slide(sender:event:)) , for: .valueChanged)
    return slider
}()

override func viewDidLoad() {
    super.viewDidLoad()
    view.addSubview(slider)
    setupLayers()
}

override func viewDidLayoutSubviews() {
    super.viewDidLayoutSubviews()
    slider.frame = CGRect(x: view.bounds.size.width/3,
                          y: view.bounds.size.height/10*8,
                          width: view.bounds.size.width/3,
                          height: view.bounds.size.height/10)
}

@objc private func slide(sender: UISlider, event: UIEvent) {
    if let touchEvent = event.allTouches?.first {
        
        switch touchEvent.phase {
        case .ended:
            resumeLayer(layer: perspectiveLayer)
        default:
            perspectiveLayer.timeOffset = CFTimeInterval(sender.value)
        }
        
    }
}

private func resumeLayer(layer: CALayer) {
    let pausedTime = layer.timeOffset
    layer.speed = 1.0
    layer.timeOffset = 0.0
    layer.beginTime = 0.0
    let timeSincePause = layer.convertTime(CACurrentMediaTime(), from: nil) - pausedTime
    layer.beginTime = timeSincePause
}

private func setupLayers() {
    
    mainView = UIView(frame:CGRect(x: 50, y: 50, width: width, height: height*3))
    mainView.backgroundColor = UIColor.yellow
    view.addSubview(mainView)
    
    perspectiveLayer.frame = CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: width, height: height*2)
    perspectiveLayer.backgroundColor = UIColor.cyan.cgColor
    mainView.layer.addSublayer(perspectiveLayer)
    
    firstJointLayer.fillMode = .removed
    firstJointLayer.frame = mainView.bounds
    perspectiveLayer.addSublayer(firstJointLayer)
    
    topSleeve.fillMode = .removed
    topSleeve.frame = CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: width, height: height)
    topSleeve.anchorPoint = CGPoint(x: 0.5, y: 0)
    topSleeve.backgroundColor = UIColor.red.cgColor
    topSleeve.position = CGPoint(x: width/2, y: 0)
    firstJointLayer.addSublayer(topSleeve)
    topSleeve.masksToBounds = true
    
    secondJointLayer.fillMode = .removed
    secondJointLayer.frame = mainView.bounds
    secondJointLayer.frame = CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: width, height: height*2)
    secondJointLayer.anchorPoint = CGPoint(x: 0.5, y: 0)
    secondJointLayer.position = CGPoint(x: width/2, y: height)
    firstJointLayer.addSublayer(secondJointLayer)
    
    secondJointLayer.fillMode = .removed
    middleSleeve.frame = CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: width, height: height)
    middleSleeve.anchorPoint = CGPoint(x: 0.5, y: 0)
    middleSleeve.backgroundColor = UIColor.blue.cgColor
    middleSleeve.position = CGPoint(x: width/2, y: 0)
    secondJointLayer.addSublayer(middleSleeve)
    middleSleeve.masksToBounds = true
    
    bottomSleeve.fillMode = .removed
    bottomSleeve.frame = CGRect(x: 0, y: height, width: width, height: height)
    bottomSleeve.anchorPoint = CGPoint(x: 0.5, y: 0)
    bottomSleeve.backgroundColor = UIColor.gray.cgColor
    bottomSleeve.position = CGPoint(x: width/2, y: height)
    secondJointLayer.addSublayer(bottomSleeve)
    
    firstJointLayer.anchorPoint = CGPoint(x: 0.5, y: 0)
    firstJointLayer.position = CGPoint(x: width/2, y: 0)
    
    topShadow.fillMode = .removed
    topSleeve.addSublayer(topShadow)
    topShadow.frame = topSleeve.bounds
    topShadow.backgroundColor = UIColor.black.cgColor
    topShadow.opacity = 0
    
    middleShadow.fillMode = .removed
    middleSleeve.addSublayer(middleShadow)
    middleShadow.frame = middleSleeve.bounds
    middleShadow.backgroundColor = UIColor.black.cgColor
    middleShadow.opacity = 0
    
    transform.m34 = -1/700
    perspectiveLayer.sublayerTransform = transform
    
    sizeHeight = perspectiveLayer.bounds.size.height
    positionY = perspectiveLayer.position.y
    
    animate()
}


private func animate() {
    
    CATransaction.begin()
    
    CATransaction.setDisableActions(true)
    
    CATransaction.setCompletionBlock{ [weak self] in
        if self == nil { return }
        self?.perspectiveLayer.speed = 0
    }
    
    firstJointLayer.transform = CATransform3DMakeRotation(CGFloat(-85*Double.pi/180), 1, 0, 0)
    secondJointLayer.transform = CATransform3DMakeRotation(CGFloat(170*Double.pi/180), 1, 0, 0)
    bottomSleeve.transform = CATransform3DMakeRotation(CGFloat(-165*Double.pi/180), 1, 0, 0)
    perspectiveLayer.bounds.size.height = 0
    perspectiveLayer.position.y = 0
    topShadow.opacity = 0.5
    middleShadow.opacity = 0.5
    
    var animation = CABasicAnimation(keyPath: "transform.rotation.x")
    animation.fillMode = CAMediaTimingFillMode.removed
    animation.duration = 1
    animation.fromValue = 0
    animation.toValue = -85*Double.pi/180
    firstJointLayer.add(animation, forKey: nil)
    
    animation = CABasicAnimation(keyPath: "transform.rotation.x")
    animation.fillMode = CAMediaTimingFillMode.removed
    animation.duration = 1
    animation.fromValue = 0
    animation.toValue = 170*Double.pi/180
    secondJointLayer.add(animation, forKey: nil)
    
    animation = CABasicAnimation(keyPath: "transform.rotation.x")
    animation.fillMode = CAMediaTimingFillMode.removed
    animation.duration = 1
    animation.fromValue = 0
    animation.toValue = -165*Double.pi/180
    bottomSleeve.add(animation, forKey: nil)
    
    animation = CABasicAnimation(keyPath: "bounds.size.height")
    animation.fillMode = CAMediaTimingFillMode.removed
    animation.duration = 1
    animation.fromValue = sizeHeight
    animation.toValue = 0
    perspectiveLayer.add(animation, forKey: nil)
    
    
    animation = CABasicAnimation(keyPath: "position.y")
    animation.fillMode = CAMediaTimingFillMode.removed
    animation.duration = 1
    animation.fromValue = positionY
    animation.toValue = 0
    perspectiveLayer.add(animation, forKey: nil)
    
    animation = CABasicAnimation(keyPath: "opacity")
    animation.fillMode = CAMediaTimingFillMode.removed
    animation.duration = 1
    animation.fromValue = 0
    animation.toValue = 0.5
    topShadow.add(animation, forKey: nil)
    
    animation = CABasicAnimation(keyPath: "opacity")
    animation.fillMode = CAMediaTimingFillMode.removed
    animation.duration = 1
    animation.fromValue = 0
    animation.toValue = 0.5
    middleShadow.add(animation, forKey: nil)
    CATransaction.commit()

}
}

如您所见,动画按预期运行,此时要旋转整个物体,只需更改位置、锚点和最终动画值即可。 摘自上面链接的答案,这是起始项目所有层的一个很好的表示:

在此处输入图像描述

然后我继续重构setupLayers()animate()以水平运行动画,从左到右(换句话说,我在上面的图层表示中顺时针旋转 90°)。

更改代码以旋转动画后,我遇到两个问题:

  1. 当动画开始时, firstJointLayer position 沿着perspectiveLayer从左向右平移。 公平地说,这应该是一种预期的行为,因为它是perspectiveLayer的子层,实际上我不确定为什么在原始项目中它不会发生。 然而,为了解决这个问题,我添加了另一个 animation 负责在其相关系统中将其从右向左翻译,因此它实际上看起来是静止的。 此时,虽然我没有更改 model 图层的最终值(下方项目中的注释行),但动画按预期水平运行。 如果我不必同时修改 model 层,我的目标就会实现,因为这正是我想要的 animation。 然而...

  2. ...如果我然后尝试设置动画的最终值(只需将这些行注释掉)我会得到一个意想不到的行为。 在动画的初始帧,红色、蓝色和灰色层看起来相互折叠,因此旋转不再像预期的那样工作。 以下是时间 0.0、0.5 和 1.0(持续时间:1.0)的一些快照:

对我来说最不合逻辑的部分是设置 model 层的值等于表示层的最终值会导致错误,但它只会影响表示层,因为一旦动画结束,下面的 model 层是预期的(和想要的)旋转/位置: 在此处输入图像描述

当旋转围绕正确的点进行时,锚点肯定会正确放置。 我认为这可能与问题 1 有关,但我尝试多次重新定位图层但没有成功。 直到今天,这仍然没有解决,两天后我无法找到主要问题并因此修复它。 对我来说,原始项目(上方)和旋转项目(下方)在引擎盖下的逻辑中看起来相同。

EDIT2:我在代码中发现了一个小错误,我正在为 firstJointLayer x position 设置动画,起始值等于 perspectiveLayer x position 而不是他自己的 x Z4757FE07FD0 已修复,但没有任何改变。6

EDIT3 : Since setting the model layers values equal to the animation final values is what causes the bug, please note that using animation.fillMode = CAMediaTimingFillMode.forwards and animation.isRemovedOnCompletion = false is not a viable workaround for avoiding to touch the modal layers,因为我需要稍后恢复 animation,因此需要保持演示和 model 层同步。

非常感谢任何帮助。 下面是旋转项目 - 我还评论了我从上面的项目中更改的块:

  class ViewController: UIViewController {
    
var transform: CATransform3D = CATransform3DIdentity
var topSleeve: CALayer = CALayer()
var middleSleeve: CALayer = CALayer()
var bottomSleeve: CALayer = CALayer()
var topShadow: CALayer = CALayer()
var middleShadow: CALayer = CALayer()
let width: CGFloat = 200
let height: CGFloat = 300
var firstJointLayer: CALayer = CATransformLayer()
var secondJointLayer: CALayer = CATransformLayer()
var sizeWidth: CGFloat = 0
var positionX: CGFloat = 0
var firstJointLayerPositionX: CGFloat = 0


var perspectiveLayer: CALayer = {
    let perspectiveLayer = CALayer()
    perspectiveLayer.speed = 0.0
    perspectiveLayer.fillMode = .removed
    return perspectiveLayer
}()

var mainView: UIView = {
    let view = UIView()
    return view
}()

private let slider: UISlider = {
    let slider = UISlider()
    slider.addTarget(self, action: #selector(slide(sender:event:)) , for: .valueChanged)
    return slider
}()

override func viewDidLoad() {
    super.viewDidLoad()
    view.addSubview(slider)
    setupLayers()
}

override func viewDidLayoutSubviews() {
    super.viewDidLayoutSubviews()
    slider.frame = CGRect(x: view.bounds.size.width/3,
                          y: view.bounds.size.height/10*8,
                          width: view.bounds.size.width/3,
                          height: view.bounds.size.height/10)

}

@objc private func slide(sender: UISlider, event: UIEvent) {
    if let touchEvent = event.allTouches?.first {
        
        switch touchEvent.phase {
        case .ended:
            resumeLayer(layer: perspectiveLayer)
        default:
                perspectiveLayer.timeOffset = CFTimeInterval(sender.value)

        }
        
    }
}

private func resumeLayer(layer: CALayer) {
    let pausedTime = layer.timeOffset
    layer.speed = 1.0
    layer.timeOffset = 0.0
    layer.beginTime = 0.0
    let timeSincePause = layer.convertTime(CACurrentMediaTime(), from: nil) - pausedTime
    layer.beginTime = timeSincePause
}

private func setupLayers() {
    
   // Changing all anchor points and positions here, in order to rotate the whole thing of -90°

    mainView = UIView(frame:CGRect(x: 50, y: 50, width: width*3, height: height))
    mainView.backgroundColor = UIColor.yellow
    view.addSubview(mainView)
    
    perspectiveLayer.frame = CGRect(x: width, y: 0, width: width*2, height: height)
    perspectiveLayer.backgroundColor = UIColor.cyan.cgColor
    mainView.layer.addSublayer(perspectiveLayer)
    
    firstJointLayer.fillMode = .removed
    firstJointLayer.frame = mainView.bounds
    firstJointLayer.anchorPoint = CGPoint(x: 1, y: 0.5)
    firstJointLayer.position = CGPoint(x: width*2, y: height/2)
    perspectiveLayer.addSublayer(firstJointLayer)
    
    topSleeve.fillMode = .removed
    topSleeve.frame = CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: width, height: height)
    topSleeve.anchorPoint = CGPoint(x: 1, y: 0.5)
    topSleeve.backgroundColor = UIColor.red.cgColor
    topSleeve.position = CGPoint(x: width*3, y: height/2)
    firstJointLayer.addSublayer(topSleeve)
    topSleeve.masksToBounds = true
    
    secondJointLayer.fillMode = .removed
    secondJointLayer.frame = mainView.bounds
    secondJointLayer.frame = CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: width*2, height: height)
    secondJointLayer.anchorPoint = CGPoint(x: 1, y: 0.5)
    secondJointLayer.position = CGPoint(x: width*2, y: height/2)
    firstJointLayer.addSublayer(secondJointLayer)
    
    secondJointLayer.fillMode = .removed
    middleSleeve.frame = CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: width, height: height)
    middleSleeve.anchorPoint = CGPoint(x: 1, y: 0.5)
    middleSleeve.backgroundColor = UIColor.blue.cgColor
    middleSleeve.position = CGPoint(x: width*2, y: height/2)
    secondJointLayer.addSublayer(middleSleeve)
    middleSleeve.masksToBounds = true
    
    bottomSleeve.fillMode = .removed
    bottomSleeve.frame = CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: width, height: height)
    bottomSleeve.anchorPoint = CGPoint(x: 1, y: 0.5)
    bottomSleeve.backgroundColor = UIColor.gray.cgColor
    bottomSleeve.position = CGPoint(x: width, y: height/2)
    secondJointLayer.addSublayer(bottomSleeve)
    
    topShadow.fillMode = .removed
    topSleeve.addSublayer(topShadow)
    topShadow.frame = topSleeve.bounds
    topShadow.backgroundColor = UIColor.black.cgColor
    topShadow.opacity = 0
    
    middleShadow.fillMode = .removed
    middleSleeve.addSublayer(middleShadow)
    middleShadow.frame = middleSleeve.bounds
    middleShadow.backgroundColor = UIColor.black.cgColor
    middleShadow.opacity = 0
    
    transform.m34 = -1/700
    perspectiveLayer.sublayerTransform = transform
    
    sizeWidth = perspectiveLayer.bounds.size.width
    positionX = perspectiveLayer.position.x
    firstJointLayerPositionX = firstJointLayer.position.x

    
    animate()
}


private func animate() {
    
    CATransaction.begin()
    
    CATransaction.setDisableActions(true)
    
    CATransaction.setCompletionBlock{ [weak self] in
        if self == nil { return }
        self?.perspectiveLayer.speed = 0
    }
    
  //        firstJointLayer.transform = CATransform3DMakeRotation(CGFloat(-85*Double.pi/180), 0, 1, 0)
  //        secondJointLayer.transform = CATransform3DMakeRotation(CGFloat(170*Double.pi/180), 0, 1, 0)
  //        bottomSleeve.transform = CATransform3DMakeRotation(CGFloat(-165*Double.pi/180), 0, 1, 0)
  //        perspectiveLayer.bounds.size.width = 0
  //        perspectiveLayer.position.x = 600
  //        firstJointLayer.position.x = 0
  //        topShadow.opacity = 0.5
  //        middleShadow.opacity = 0.5
    
    var animation = CABasicAnimation(keyPath: "transform.rotation.y")
    animation.fillMode = CAMediaTimingFillMode.removed
    animation.duration = 1
    animation.fromValue = 0
    animation.toValue = -85*Double.pi/180
    firstJointLayer.add(animation, forKey: nil)
    
    animation = CABasicAnimation(keyPath: "transform.rotation.y")
    animation.fillMode = CAMediaTimingFillMode.removed
    animation.duration = 1
    animation.fromValue = 0
    animation.toValue = 170*Double.pi/180
    secondJointLayer.add(animation, forKey: nil)
    
    animation = CABasicAnimation(keyPath: "transform.rotation.y")
    animation.fillMode = CAMediaTimingFillMode.removed
    animation.duration = 1
    animation.fromValue = 0
    animation.toValue = -165*Double.pi/180
    bottomSleeve.add(animation, forKey: nil)
    
    animation = CABasicAnimation(keyPath: "bounds.size.width")
    animation.fillMode = CAMediaTimingFillMode.removed
    animation.duration = 1
    animation.fromValue = sizeWidth
    animation.toValue = 0
    perspectiveLayer.add(animation, forKey: nil)
    
    animation = CABasicAnimation(keyPath: "position.x")
    animation.fillMode = CAMediaTimingFillMode.removed
    animation.duration = 1
    animation.fromValue = positionX
    animation.toValue = 600
    perspectiveLayer.add(animation, forKey: nil)

  // As said above, i added this animation which is not included in the original project, as the firstJointLayer was translating his position from left to right along with the perspectiveLayer position, so i make a reverse translation in its relative system so that it is stationary in the mainView system

    animation = CABasicAnimation(keyPath: "position.x")
    animation.fillMode = CAMediaTimingFillMode.removed
    animation.duration = 1
    animation.fromValue = firstJointLayerPositionX 
    animation.toValue = 0
    firstJointLayer.add(animation, forKey: nil)
    
    animation = CABasicAnimation(keyPath: "opacity")
    animation.fillMode = CAMediaTimingFillMode.removed
    animation.duration = 1
    animation.fromValue = 0
    animation.toValue = 0.5
    topShadow.add(animation, forKey: nil)
    
    animation = CABasicAnimation(keyPath: "opacity")
    animation.fillMode = CAMediaTimingFillMode.removed
    animation.duration = 1
    animation.fromValue = 0
    animation.toValue = 0.5
    middleShadow.add(animation, forKey: nil)
    
    CATransaction.commit()

}

}

好吧 - 有点玩...

看起来您需要翻转动画,因为它们实际上是在“倒退”。

private func animate() {
    
    CATransaction.begin()
    
    CATransaction.setDisableActions(true)
    
    CATransaction.setCompletionBlock{ [weak self] in
        if self == nil { return }
        //self?.perspectiveLayer.speed = 0
    }
    
    firstJointLayer.transform = CATransform3DMakeRotation(CGFloat(-85*Double.pi/180), 0, 1, 0)
    secondJointLayer.transform = CATransform3DMakeRotation(CGFloat(170*Double.pi/180), 0, 1, 0)
    bottomSleeve.transform = CATransform3DMakeRotation(CGFloat(-165*Double.pi/180), 0, 1, 0)
    perspectiveLayer.bounds.size.width = 0
    perspectiveLayer.position.x = 600
    firstJointLayer.position.x = 0
    topShadow.opacity = 0.5
    middleShadow.opacity = 0.5

    var animation = CABasicAnimation(keyPath: "transform.rotation.y")
    animation.fillMode = CAMediaTimingFillMode.removed
    animation.duration = 1
    animation.fromValue = 0
    animation.toValue = -85*Double.pi/180
    firstJointLayer.add(animation, forKey: nil)
    
    animation = CABasicAnimation(keyPath: "transform.rotation.y")
    animation.fillMode = CAMediaTimingFillMode.removed
    animation.duration = 1
    // flip 180 degrees
    animation.fromValue = 180*Double.pi/180
    // to 180 - 170
    animation.toValue = 10*Double.pi/180
    secondJointLayer.add(animation, forKey: nil)
    
    animation = CABasicAnimation(keyPath: "transform.rotation.y")
    animation.fillMode = CAMediaTimingFillMode.removed
    animation.duration = 1
    // flip -180 degrees
    animation.fromValue = -180*Double.pi/180
    // to 180 - 165
    animation.toValue = -15*Double.pi/180
    bottomSleeve.add(animation, forKey: nil)
    
    animation = CABasicAnimation(keyPath: "bounds.size.width")
    animation.fillMode = CAMediaTimingFillMode.removed
    animation.duration = 1
    animation.fromValue = sizeWidth
    animation.toValue = 0
    perspectiveLayer.add(animation, forKey: nil)
    
    animation = CABasicAnimation(keyPath: "position.x")
    animation.fillMode = CAMediaTimingFillMode.removed
    animation.duration = 1
    animation.fromValue = positionX
    animation.toValue = 600
    perspectiveLayer.add(animation, forKey: nil)
    
    // As said above, i added this animation which is not included in the original project, as the firstJointLayer was translating his position from left to right along with the perspectiveLayer position, so i make a reverse translation in its relative system so that it is stationary in the mainView system
    
    animation = CABasicAnimation(keyPath: "position.x")
    animation.fillMode = CAMediaTimingFillMode.removed
    animation.duration = 1
    animation.fromValue = firstJointLayerPositionX
    animation.toValue = 0
    firstJointLayer.add(animation, forKey: nil)
    
    animation = CABasicAnimation(keyPath: "opacity")
    animation.fillMode = CAMediaTimingFillMode.removed
    animation.duration = 1
    animation.fromValue = 0
    animation.toValue = 0.5
    topShadow.add(animation, forKey: nil)
    
    animation = CABasicAnimation(keyPath: "opacity")
    animation.fillMode = CAMediaTimingFillMode.removed
    animation.duration = 1
    animation.fromValue = 0
    animation.toValue = 0.5
    middleShadow.add(animation, forKey: nil)
    
    CATransaction.commit()
    
}

暂无
暂无

声明:本站的技术帖子网页,遵循CC BY-SA 4.0协议,如果您需要转载,请注明本站网址或者原文地址。任何问题请咨询:yoyou2525@163.com.

 
粤ICP备18138465号  © 2020-2024 STACKOOM.COM