PL/SQL 动态 SQL：表名无效

Question

我目前正在学习 PL/SQL。 我需要创建一个 PL/SQL 块来创建我所有表的备份，如下所示：myTable -> myTable_old。

这是我现在得到的：

DECLARE
Cursor c IS SELECT table_name 
            FROM user_tables 
            WHERE table_name NOT LIKE '%_old';
sql_slc VARCHAR2(200);
sql_drp VARCHAR2(200);
sql_crt VARCHAR2(200);
row_count NUMBER;
t_name user_tables.table_name%type;
t_backup_name user_tables.table_name%type;

BEGIN
    sql_drp := 'DROP TABLE :1 CASCADE';
    sql_crt := 'CREATE TABLE :1 AS SELECT * FROM :2';
    sql_slc := 'SELECT COUNT(*) FROM user_tables WHERE table_name = :1';
    OPEN c;
    LOOP
        FETCH c INTO t_name;
        EXIT WHEN (c%NOTFOUND);
        t_backup_name := t_name || '_old';
        dbms_output.put_line(t_name || ' ' || t_backup_name);
        
        EXECUTE IMMEDIATE sql_slc INTO row_count USING t_backup_name;
        IF row_count > 0 THEN
            dbms_output.put_line(t_backup_name || ' dropped');
            EXECUTE IMMEDIATE sql_drp USING t_backup_name;
        END IF;
        dbms_output.put_line(t_backup_name || ' created');
        EXECUTE IMMEDIATE sql_crt USING t_backup_name, t_name;
        COMMIT;
    END LOOP;
    CLOSE c;
END;
/

这是错误：

OUVRAGE OUVRAGE_old
OUVRAGE_old created
DECLARE
*
ERROR on line 1 :
ORA-00903: table name not valid
ORA-06512: on line 29

我不明白为什么会出现这个错误，有人可以帮助我吗？

Answer 1

问题是您不能对表名使用绑定变量； Oracle 文档：

数据库专门使用绑定变量的值，并且不以任何方式解释它们的内容。

您应该编辑代码以改用串联：

DECLARE
  Cursor c IS SELECT table_name 
              FROM user_tables 
              WHERE table_name NOT LIKE '%_OLD';           /* OLD, upper case */  
  sql_slc VARCHAR2(200);
  --sql_drp VARCHAR2(200);
  --sql_crt VARCHAR2(200);
  row_count NUMBER;
  t_name user_tables.table_name%type;
  t_backup_name user_tables.table_name%type;
BEGIN
--   sql_drp := 'DROP TABLE :1 CASCADE';   
--   sql_crt := 'CREATE TABLE :1 AS SELECT * FROM :2';
   sql_slc := 'SELECT COUNT(*) FROM user_tables WHERE table_name = :1';
   

   OPEN c;

   LOOP
      FETCH c INTO t_name;

      EXIT WHEN (c%NOTFOUND);
      t_backup_name := t_name || '_OLD';                                        /* OLD, upper case */
      DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line (t_name || ' ' || t_backup_name);

      EXECUTE IMMEDIATE sql_slc INTO row_count USING t_backup_name;

      IF row_count > 0
      THEN
         DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line (t_backup_name || ' dropped');

--         EXECUTE IMMEDIATE sql_drp USING t_backup_name;
         EXECUTE IMMEDIATE ' drop table ' || t_backup_name;                     /* concatenation and not bind variables */
      END IF;

      DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line (t_backup_name || ' created');                       /* concatenation and not bind variables */
--      EXECUTE IMMEDIATE sql_crt USING t_backup_name, t_name;
      EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'create table ' || t_backup_name || ' as select * from ' || t_name;

      COMMIT;
   END LOOP;

   CLOSE c;
END;

另外，请注意，如果不是双引号，object 名称总是大写，所以你必须寻找t_name || '_OLD' t_name || '_OLD'而不是t_name || '_old' t_name || '_old'