[英]Trouble getting input for object array
我正在尝试创建一个 class 来接收有关人名、考试科目和考试分数的数据。 到目前为止,我有这些课程:
考试:
public class APExam {
//instance variables
private String mySubject;
private int myScore;
//constructors
public APExam(String subject, int score) {
mySubject = subject;
myScore = score;
}
public APExam() {
mySubject = "";
myScore = 1;
}
//getters and setters
public void setSubject(String s) {
mySubject = s;
}
public String getSubject() {
return mySubject;
}
public void setScore(int score) {
myScore = score;
}
public int getScore() {
return myScore;
}
//compareTo
public String compareTo(int s) {
if(myScore == s)
return "Scores are equal.";
else if(myScore > s)
return "The first score is greater than the second score.";
else
return "The second score is greater than the first score.";
}
//equals
public boolean equals(String str) {
return mySubject.equals(str);
}
//toString
public String toString() {
return "Subject: " + mySubject + "\nScore: " + myScore;
}
}
AP学生:
public class APStudent {
//instance variables
private String myFirstName;
private String myLastName;
private ArrayList<APExam> myExams = new ArrayList<APExam>();
//constructors
public APStudent(String fname, String lname) {
myFirstName = fname;
myLastName = lname;
}
public APStudent() {
myFirstName = "";
myLastName = "";
}
//getters and setters
public void setFirstName(String fname) {
myFirstName = fname;
}
public String getFirstName() {
return myFirstName;
}
public void setLastName(String lname) {
myLastName = lname;
}
public String getLastName() {
return myLastName;
}
public ArrayList<APExam> getExams() {
return myExams;
}
//addExam
public void addExam(APExam ex) {
myExams.add(ex);
}
//computeExamAverage
public double computeExamAverage(List<APExam> exams) {
int sum = 0;
for(int i = 0; i < exams.size(); i++) {
sum += exams.get(i).getScore();
}
return (double) sum / exams.size();
}
//findHighestExamScore
public int findHighestExamScore(List<APExam> exams) {
int max = exams.get(0).getScore();
for(APExam ex : exams) {
if(ex.getScore() > max) {
max = ex.getScore();
}
}
return max;
}
//numberOfFives
public int numberOfFives(List<APExam> exams) {
int fiveCount = 0;
for(APExam ex : exams) {
if(ex.getScore() == 5) {
fiveCount++;
}
}
return fiveCount;
}
}
数组列表测试:
public class ArrayListTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//instance variables
final String QUIT = "end";
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
ArrayList<APExam> myExams = new ArrayList<APExam>();
APStudent student = new APStudent();
String fname, lname, sub, input = "";
int score;
//prompt for info
System.out.print("Enter first name: ");
fname = sc.nextLine();
student.setFirstName(fname);
System.out.print("\nEnter last name: ");
lname = sc.nextLine();
student.setLastName(lname);
while(!input.equals(QUIT)) {
APExam ap = new APExam();
System.out.print("\nEnter exam subject or 'end' to quit: ");
input = sc.nextLine();
sub = input;
ap.setSubject(sub);
System.out.print("\nEnter exam score: ");
score = sc.nextInt();
ap.setScore(score);
student.addExam(ap);
sc.nextLine();
}
//display information
System.out.println(student.getExams());
System.out.println("Name: " + student.getFirstName() + " " + student.getLastName());
System.out.println("Exam average score: " + student.computeExamAverage(myExams));
System.out.println("Highest score: " + student.findHighestExamScore(myExams));
System.out.println("Number of fives: " + student.numberOfFives(myExams));
System.out.println();
for(int i = 0; i < myExams.size(); i++) {
System.out.println(myExams.get(i));
}
//prompt for search
System.out.println("1 sequential search"
+ "\n2 binary search"
+ "\n3 exit");
input = sc.nextLine();
while(!((input.equals("1") || input.equals("2") || input.equals("3")))) {
switch(input) {
case "1":
sequentialSearch(myExams, 3);
break;
case "2":
binarySearch(myExams, 2);
break;
case "3":
break;
}
}
}
}
由于某种原因,在 ArrayListTest class 中,它不会使用输入的分数和科目创建 APExam object。 while循环有问题吗? 还是有其他问题?
您的问题是您出于某种原因将变量List<APExam> exams
传递到您的函数中。 当您这样做时,您将传递一个空的ArrayList<APExam>
,这就是它抛出IndexOutOfBoundsException
的原因。
你不应该通过任何东西,只需使用APStudent
的myExams
列表。
public double computeExamAverage() {
double sum = 0;
for (APExam myExam : myExams) {
sum += myExam.getScore();
}
return sum / myExams.size();
}
public int findHighestExamScore() {
int max = 0;
for(APExam exam : myExams) {
if(exam.getScore() > max) max = exam.getScore();
}
return max;
}
public int numberOfFives() {
return (int) myExams.stream().filter(apExam -> apExam.getScore() == 5).count();
}
编辑:我也想评论你的主要方法。 您应该使用参数化构造函数而不是默认的构造函数和设置器。 在要求评分之前,您应该检查输入是否为"end"
。
public static void main(String[] args) {
final String QUIT = "end"; // not really necessary, but ok
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
String firstName, lastName, subject;
int score;
//prompt for info
System.out.print("Enter first name: ");
firstName = sc.nextLine();
System.out.print("\nEnter last name: ");
lastName = sc.nextLine();
APStudent student = new APStudent(firstName, lastName); // use of parametrized constructor
while(true) {
System.out.print("\nEnter exam subject or 'end' to quit: ");
subject = sc.nextLine();
if (subject.equals(QUIT)) break; // check if user wants to end it
System.out.print("\nEnter exam score: ");
score = sc.nextInt();
student.addExam(new APExam(subject, score)); // use of parametrized constructor
sc.nextLine();
}
sc.close(); // never forget to close Scanner
//display information etc.
}
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