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如何在 MongoDB/Mongoose 中加入/填充 3 个具有一对多关系的表?

[英]How to join/populate 3 tables with one to many relationships in MongoDB/Mongoose?

我的架构如下所示:

老师.js

const teacherSchema = new mongoose.Schema(
  {
    name: {
      type: String,
      required: true,
      unique: true,
    },
  },
  {
    timestamps: true,
  }
);

teacherSchema.virtual('students', {
  ref: 'Student',
  localField: '_id',
  foreignField: 'teacher',
  justOne: false
})

const Teacher = mongoose.model('Teacher', teacherSchema);

学生.js

const studentSchema = new mongoose.Schema(
  {
    name: {
      type: String,
      required: true,
    },
    teacher: {
      type: mongoose.Schema.Types.ObjectId,
      ref: 'Teacher',
      required: true,
    },
  },
  {
    timestamps: true,
  }
);

menuItemSchema.virtual('courses', {
  ref: 'Course',
  localField: '_id',
  foreignField: 'student',
  justOne: false
})

const Student = mongoose.model('Student', studentSchema);

课程.js

const courseSchema = new mongoose.Schema(
  {
    name: {
      type: String,
      required: true,
    },
    student: {
      type: mongoose.Schema.Types.ObjectId,
      ref: 'Student',
      required: true,
    }
  },
  {
    timestamps: true,
  }
);

mongoose.model('Course', coursesSchema)

在我的路由器中,我想创建一个如下所示的 object 并将其返回给用户:

{
    <teacherName>: [
        <studentName1>: [<courseName1>, <courseName2>, <courseName3>],
        <studentName2>: [<courseName1>, <courseName2>, <courseName3>]
    ]
}

要执行此操作,我需要在 3 个表之间进行多重连接。 最有效的方法是什么?

在只有两张桌子的情况下,我会这样做:

const teacherWithStudents = await (await Teacher.findOne({_id: req.params.teacherId}).populate('students')).execPopulate()

但是,由于还有另一张桌子,有没有办法填充学生的课程,以便他们可以访问所有 3 个:老师、她的学生和他们的每个课程。

您可以使用.populate()更深入地 go,如下所示:

Teacher.findOne({_id: req.params.teacherId})
  .populate({ 
     path: 'students',
     populate: {
       path: 'courses'
     } 
  })
  .exec(function(err, docs) {});

更多文档: https://mongoosejs.com/docs/populate.html#deep-populate

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