如何使用 Jest 修复 React App 的依赖错误

Question

所以我在一个新项目中安装了 Jest，由于下面的错误，应用程序停止运行。

摘要：它告诉我我已经手动安装了对node_modules的依赖项，这是我没有做的，它要求我删除我的整个node_modules和yarn.lock 。 但这些步骤不起作用。

注意：从package.json中删除依赖项，然后删除node_modules和yarn.lock确实可以解决问题，但是当我再次安装jest时，它会遇到同样的问题。

我安装 jest 的步骤在这里：

$ yarn add --dev react-test-renderer
$ yarn add --dev jest babel-jest @babel/preset-env @babel/preset-react react-test-renderer

错误信息

$ react-scripts start

There might be a problem with the project dependency tree.
It is likely not a bug in Create React App, but something you need to fix locally.

The react-scripts package provided by Create React App requires a dependency:

  "jest": "26.6.0"

Don't try to install it manually: your package manager does it automatically.
However, a different version of jest was detected higher up in the tree:

  C:\WORK\plotting-a-chart\node_modules\jest (version: 26.6.3)

Manually installing incompatible versions is known to cause hard-to-debug issues.

If you would prefer to ignore this check, add SKIP_PREFLIGHT_CHECK=true to an .env file in your project.
That will permanently disable this message but you might encounter other issues.

To fix the dependency tree, try following the steps below in the exact order:

  1. Delete package-lock.json (not package.json!) and/or yarn.lock in your project folder.
  2. Delete node_modules in your project folder.
  3. Remove "jest" from dependencies and/or devDependencies in the package.json file in your project folder.
  4. Run npm install or yarn, depending on the package manager you use.

In most cases, this should be enough to fix the problem.
If this has not helped, there are a few other things you can try:

  5. If you used npm, install yarn (http://yarnpkg.com/) and repeat the above steps with it instead.
     This may help because npm has known issues with package hoisting which may get resolved in future versions.

  6. Check if C:\WORK\plotting-a-chart\node_modules\jest is outside your project directory.
     For example, you might have accidentally installed something in your home folder.

  7. Try running npm ls jest in your project folder.
     This will tell you which other package (apart from the expected react-scripts) installed jest.

If nothing else helps, add SKIP_PREFLIGHT_CHECK=true to an .env file in your project.
That would permanently disable this preflight check in case you want to proceed anyway.

P.S. We know this message is long but please read the steps above :-) We hope you find them helpful!

我尝试了所有步骤，我已经使用了yarn ，我什至在执行步骤 1 到 4 之前清除了我的 yarn 缓存。

1. 删除项目文件夹中的package-lock.json （不是 package.json！）和/或yarn.lock ；
2. 删除项目文件夹中的node_modules ；
3. 从项目文件夹中package.json文件中的依赖项和/或 devDependencies 中删除“jest”；
4. 运行 npm install 或 yarn，具体取决于您使用的 package 管理器。

我没主意了。

// package.json
{
  "name": "project",
  "version": "0.1.0",
  "private": true,
  "dependencies": {
    "@testing-library/react": "^11.1.0",
    "@testing-library/user-event": "^12.1.10",
    "node-sass": "^5.0.0",
    "prismjs": "^1.23.0",
    "react": "^17.0.1",
    "react-dom": "^17.0.1",
    "react-hook-form": "^6.15.5",
    "react-icons": "^4.2.0",
    "react-resizable": "^1.11.1",
    "react-scripts": "4.0.3",
    "react-vis": "^1.11.7"
  },
  "scripts": {
    "dev": "react-scripts start",
    "build": "react-scripts build",
    "test": "react-scripts test",
    "eject": "react-scripts eject",
    "unit": "jest"
  },
  "eslintConfig": {
    "extends": [
      "react-app"
    ]
  },
  "browserslist": {
    "production": [
      ">0.2%",
      "not dead",
      "not op_mini all"
    ],
    "development": [
      "last 1 chrome version",
      "last 1 firefox version",
      "last 1 safari version"
    ]
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "@babel/preset-env": "^7.13.12",
    "@babel/preset-react": "^7.13.13",
    "babel-jest": "^26.6.3",
    "babel-plugin-root-import": "^6.6.0",
    "jest": "^26.6.3",
    "react-test-renderer": "^17.0.2"
  }
}

// babel.config.js
module.exports = {
   presets: ['@babel/preset-env', '@babel/preset-react'],
 };

Answer 1

我确实通过在项目文件夹中创建一个.env文件解决了这个问题，使用SKIP_PREFLIGHT_CHECK=true ，现在测试运行器似乎工作正常。

Answer 2

您不必为 npm 安装笑话。 你的错误告诉你：

不要尝试手动安装它。

这是它在反应文档上所说的

如果您使用 Create React App，Jest 已经包含在开箱即用的有用默认值中。

要解决您的问题，您应该运行以下命令：

npm uninstall --save-dev jest
npm uninstall --save jest
rm node_modules 
npm i

Answer 3

当我遇到这个问题时，我使用堆栈跟踪来确定它正在寻找什么版本的 jest。 然后我用纱线将其删除并重新安装了它想要的版本。 为了安全起见，我会执行它建议的整个过程，但请确保安装它要求的版本