C# 读取变量并在其他 class 中使用它们

Question

在我的项目中，我想读取一些变量。 该数据是从表单中读取的。 但是，我想在整个项目中将它们用作变量。 在整个项目中使用这些变量的正确方法是什么？

这是读取变量的部分。

public void ReadSetupData() {
    Constants setup = new Constants();
    setup.cassette0 = tbCassette0.Text;
    setup.cassette1 = tbCassette1.Text;
    setup.cassette2 = tbCassette2.Text;
    setup.cassette3 = tbCassette3.Text;
    setup.cassette4 = tbCassette4.Text;
    setup.flowController = tbFlowController.Text;
    setup.valve = tbValve.Text;
    setup.flowDeviation = Convert.ToDouble(tbMaxFlowDev);
    setup.flowSet = Convert.ToDouble(tbFlowInput);
    setup.flushTime = Convert.ToDouble(tbFlushTime);
    setup.flushTimeCalibration = Convert.ToDouble(tbFlushTimeCalibration);
    setup.intervalAveragePoints = Convert.ToDouble(tbIntervalAverage);
    setup.movingAverageSize = Convert.ToDouble(tbMovingAverageSize);
    setup.secsPerConcentration = Convert.ToDouble(tbSecsPerConc);
}

这是我用所有变量制作的 class。 此 class 与表单不在同一个 class 内。

public class Constants{
     public string cassette0;
     public string cassette1;
     public string cassette2;
     public string cassette3;
     public string cassette4;
     public string flowController;
     public string valve;
     public double flowDeviation;
     public double secsPerConcentration;
     public double intervalAveragePoints;
     public double movingAverageSize;
     public double flowSet;
     public double flushTime;
     public double flushTimeCalibration;
}

Answer 1

您正在寻找的是 Singleton：确保 class 只有一个实例并提供对其的全局访问点。

public class Singleton

{
    public string cassette0;
    public double flushTimeCalibration;
    private static Singleton _instance;

    // Constructor is 'protected'

    protected Singleton()
    {
    }

    public static Singleton Instance()
    {
        // Uses lazy initialization.

        // Note: this is not thread safe.

        if (_instance == null)
        {
            _instance = new Singleton();
        }

        return _instance;
    }
}

另请参阅： static class 和 singleton 模式之间的区别？

为了访问变量，只需调用 static 实例方法，确保在需要时实例化 class：

Singleton.Instance().cassette0 = "Cassette0";

Answer 2

为了补充 Matthias 的回应，这里是我大部分时间使用的 Singleton 模式的线程安全实现：

    public sealed class Constants
    {
        private static readonly Constants instance = new Constants();

        static Constants() { }

        private Constants() { }

        public static Constants Instance { get { return instance; } }   

        public string cassette0;
        public string cassette1;
        public string cassette2;
        public string cassette3;
        public string cassette4;
        public string flowController;
        public string valve;
        public double flowDeviation;
        public double secsPerConcentration;
        public double intervalAveragePoints;
        public double movingAverageSize;
        public double flowSet;
        public double flushTime;
        public double flushTimeCalibration;
    }

然后在你需要的地方调用它：

var constants = Constants.Instance;

Answer 3

您可以使用 ExpressSettings 库轻松实现它。 它会将 settings.json 文件写入 bin 文件夹，以 JSON 格式存储任何类型的设置

如果你在.Net Framework

Install-Package Twileloop.ExpressSettings -Version 1.0.0

或者，如果你在.Net Core

Install-Package Twileloop.ExpressSettingsCore -Version 1.0.0

现在用您的 function 读取您的数据，并返回该常量

public Constants ReadSetupData() {
    Constants setup = new Constants();
    setup.cassette0 = tbCassette0.Text;
    setup.cassette1 = tbCassette1.Text;
    setup.cassette2 = tbCassette2.Text;
    setup.cassette3 = tbCassette3.Text;
    setup.cassette4 = tbCassette4.Text;
    setup.flowController = tbFlowController.Text;
    setup.valve = tbValve.Text;
    setup.flowDeviation = Convert.ToDouble(tbMaxFlowDev);
    setup.flowSet = Convert.ToDouble(tbFlowInput);
    setup.flushTime = Convert.ToDouble(tbFlushTime);
    setup.flushTimeCalibration = Convert.ToDouble(tbFlushTimeCalibration);
    setup.intervalAveragePoints = Convert.ToDouble(tbIntervalAverage);
    setup.movingAverageSize = Convert.ToDouble(tbMovingAverageSize);
    setup.secsPerConcentration = Convert.ToDouble(tbSecsPerConc);
    return setup;
}

然后保存到设置文件，

var setup = ReadSetupData();
Settings<Constants>.Write(setup);

现在，当您想在其他任何地方阅读时

var setup = Settings<Constants>.Read();

欲了解更多信息： https://github.com/sangeethnandakumar/Express-Settings