尝试获取 Spring 启动应用程序以在请求没有“内容类型”时发送错误响应消息 HTTP 请求 header

Question

I am still really new with Spring Boot, but I have a web application, that is setup to handle either XML requests (when the requests have a "Content-type: application/xml" header, or JSON requests (when the requests have a “Content-type: application/xml” 标头），我注意到如果“Content-type” header 丢失，或者包含“Content-type: application/xml”或“Content-type: application/”以外的其他内容json”，我收到“415”响应错误代码。日志还显示如下消息：

.w.s.m.s.DefaultHandlerExceptionResolver : Resolved [org.springframework.web.HttpMediaTypeNotSupportedException: Content type 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded' not supported]

我发现了这个较旧的 SO 线程：

Springboot异常处理程序不捕获异常

并一直在尝试实现由“Sannu”于 2016 年 12 月 17 日 13:55 发布的代码。 这是我构建并正在测试的代码（作为测试，我试图将错误响应代码更改为“500”并且还有错误响应消息）：

import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager;

import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.web.HttpMediaTypeNotSupportedException;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.WebRequest;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver;

import mil.nga.geoaxis.pdp.models.ErrorResponse;

import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;


@ControllerAdvice  
public class SpringExceptionHandler extends ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver
{
    @ExceptionHandler(org.springframework.web.HttpMediaTypeNotSupportedException.class)
    public ResponseEntity<Object>     handleControllerException(HttpMediaTypeNotSupportedException ex, WebRequest req)
{
    ErrorResponse errorResponse = null;
    //ex.printStackTrace();
    errorResponse = new ErrorResponse();
    errorResponse.setCode(HttpCodes.HTTP_CODE_INTERNAL_ERROR);
    System.out.println("In SpringExceptionHandler.handleControllerException: HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR.value()=[" + HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR.value() + "]");
    System.out.println("In SpringExceptionHandler.handleControllerException: ex.getMessage()=[" + ex.getMessage() + "]");
    int myCode = errorResponse.getCode();
    System.out.println("In SpringExceptionHandler.handleControllerException: errorResponse.getCode()/String.valueOf(myCode)=[" + String.valueOf(myCode) + "]");

    
    errorResponse.setCode(HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR.value());
    errorResponse.setMessage(ex.getMessage());

    myCode = errorResponse.getCode();
    System.out.println("In SpringExceptionHandler.handleControllerException: errorResponse.getCode()/String.valueOf(myCode)=[" + String.valueOf(myCode) + "]");

    return new ResponseEntity<Object>(errorResponse, HttpStatus.valueOf(errorResponse.getCode()));
    
}
}

但是，当我测试并发送没有“Content-type:”header（使用 curl）的请求时，我仍然收到似乎是带有“100”响应代码的响应，然后是带有“415”响应的响应代码，并且没有响应消息。

仅供参考，这是正在出现的日志记录的一部分：

In SpringExceptionHandler.handleControllerException: HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR.value()=[500]
In SpringExceptionHandler.handleControllerException: ex.getMessage()=[Content type 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded' not supported]
In SpringExceptionHandler.handleControllerException: errorResponse.getCode()/String.valueOf(myCode)=[0]
In SpringExceptionHandler.handleControllerException: errorResponse.getCode()/String.valueOf(myCode)=[500]
WARN 15428 --- [io-18443-exec-1] .m.m.a.ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver : Failure in @ExceptionHandler      ....errorhandling.SpringExceptionHandler#handleControllerException(HttpMediaTypeNotSupportedException, WebRequest)

谁能建议为什么这似乎无法发送错误代码和响应消息？

[仅供参考，我在 Spring Boot 2.5.6 下执行此操作。]

提前致谢！

吉姆

编辑1：我根据huy的建议修改了class：

import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager;

import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.web.HttpMediaTypeNotSupportedException;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.WebRequest;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver;



@ControllerAdvice  
public class SpringExceptionHandler 
{
    @ExceptionHandler(org.springframework.web.HttpMediaTypeNotSupportedException.class)
public ResponseEntity handleControllerException(HttpMediaTypeNotSupportedException ex, WebRequest req)
{
    ErrorResponse errorResponse = null;
    //ex.printStackTrace();
    errorResponse = new ErrorResponse();
    //errorResponse.setCode(HttpCodes.HTTP_CODE_INTERNAL_ERROR);
    System.out.println("In SpringExceptionHandler.handleControllerException: HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR.value()=[" + HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR.value() + "]");
    System.out.println("In SpringExceptionHandler.handleControllerException: ex.getMessage()=[" + ex.getMessage() + "]");
    int myCode = errorResponse.getCode();
    System.out.println("In SpringExceptionHandler.handleControllerException: errorResponse.getCode()/String.valueOf(myCode)=[" + String.valueOf(myCode) + "]");

    
    errorResponse.setCode(HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR.value());
    errorResponse.setMessage(ex.getMessage());

    myCode = errorResponse.getCode();
    System.out.println("In SpringExceptionHandler.handleControllerException: errorResponse.getCode()/String.valueOf(myCode)=[" + String.valueOf(myCode) + "]");

    return ResponseEntity
            .status(HttpStatus.valueOf(415))
            .body(ex.getMessage());
    
}
}

上面的代码会导致错误代码为 415 的响应，以及来自 HttpMediaTypeNotSupportedException 异常的文本错误消息。

Answer 1

您不需要扩展 ExceptionHandlerException...，它默认用于解决错误。

你只需要ControllerAdvice和ExceptionHandler，ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver会自动扫描注解ExceptionHandler并进行处理。