web3 - 处理事务时出现 VM 异常：gas 耗尽

Question

我有这份合同：

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.7;

contract CampaignFactory {
    address[] public deployedCampaigns;

    function createCampaign(uint minimum) public {
        address newCampaign = address(new Campaign(minimum, msg.sender));
        deployedCampaigns.push(newCampaign);
    }

    function getDeployedCampaigns() public view returns(address[] memory) {
        return deployedCampaigns;
    }
}

contract Campaign {
    struct Request {
        string description;
        uint value;
        address recipient;
        bool complete;
        uint approvalCount;
        mapping(address => bool) approvals;
    }

    Request[] public requests;
    address public manager;
    uint public minimumContribution;
    mapping(address => bool) public approvers;
    uint public approversCount;

    modifier restricted() {
        require(msg.sender == manager);
        _;
    }

    constructor(uint minimum, address creator) {
        manager = creator;
        minimumContribution = minimum;
    }

    function contribute() public payable {
        require(msg.value > minimumContribution);

        approvers[msg.sender] = true;
        approversCount++;
    }

    function createRequest(string calldata description, uint value, address recipient) public restricted {
        Request storage newRequest = requests.push();
        newRequest.description = description;
        newRequest.value = value;
        newRequest.recipient = recipient;
        newRequest.complete = false;
        newRequest.approvalCount = 0;
    }

    function approveRequest(uint index) public {
        Request storage request = requests[index];

        require(approvers[msg.sender]);
        require(!request.approvals[msg.sender]);

        request.approvals[msg.sender] = true;
        request.approvalCount++;
    }

    function finalizeRequest(uint index) public restricted {
        Request storage request = requests[index];

        require(request.approvalCount > (approversCount / 2));
        require(!request.complete);

        payable(request.recipient).transfer(request.value); 
        request.complete = true;
    }
}

并测试：

const assert = require('assert');
const ganache = require('ganache-cli');
const Web3 = require('web3');
const web3 = new Web3(ganache.provider());

const compiledFactory = require('../ethereum/build/CampaignFactory.json');
const compiledCampaign = require('../ethereum/build/Campaign.json');

let accounts;
let factory;
let campaignAddress;
let campaign;

beforeEach(async() => {
    accounts = await web3.eth.getAccounts();

    web3.eth.getBalance(accounts[0]).then(result => console.log(result));

    factory = await new web3.eth.Contract(compiledFactory.abi)
        .deploy({ data: compiledFactory.evm.bytecode.object })
        .send({ from: accounts[0], gas: '1000000' });

    await factory.methods.createCampaign('100').send({
        from: accounts[0],
        gas: '1000000'
    });

    [campaignAddress] = await factory.methods.getDeployedCampaigns().call();
    campaign = await new web3.eth.Contract(
        JSON.parse(compiledCampaign.interface),
        campaignAddress
    );
});

describe('Campaigns', () => {
    it('deploys a factory and a campaign', () => {
        assert.ok(factory.options.address);
        assert.ok(campaign.options.address);
    });
});

当我运行测试时，我在处理事务时遇到 VM 异常：gas 耗尽，但它记录了 accounts[0] 余额为 100000000000000000000。问题发生在工厂被分配了一个新的合同实例，说没有足够的 gas，虽然显然有。

Answer 1

如果您有.send({ from: accounts[0], gas: '1000000' }) ，则您指定最多可以使用1000000 gas 来处理该交易，而不管from账户的余额如何。

如果您正在部署足够大的合约，那么这个数量将太小。 增加这个数量应该可以解决这个问题。

请注意，如果您指定的gas数量大于实际使用的数量，则将退还差额。

Answer 2

请更新gasLimit 。

test/Campaign.test.js

const assert = require("assert");
const ganache = require("ganache-cli");
const Web3 = require("web3");

const options = {
  gasLimit: 10000000,
};
const web3 = new Web3(ganache.provider(options));

const compiledFactory = require("../build/CampaignFactory.json");
const compiledCampaign = require("../build/Campaign.json");

let accounts;
let factory;
let campaignAddress;
let campaign;

beforeEach(async () => {
  accounts = await web3.eth.getAccounts();

  factory = await new web3.eth.Contract(compiledFactory.abi)
    .deploy({ data: compiledFactory.evm.bytecode.object })
    .send({ from: accounts[0], gas: "10000000" });

  await factory.methods.createCampaign("100").send({
    from: accounts[0],
    gas: "10000000",
  });

  [campaignAddress] = await factory.methods.getDeployedCampaigns().call();

  campaign = await new web3.eth.Contract(compiledCampaign.abi, campaignAddress);
});

describe("Campaigns", () => {
  it("deploys a factory and a campaign", () => {
    assert.ok(factory.options.address);
    assert.ok(campaign.options.address);
  });
});

这个对我有用！