在不关闭新视图 (WPF MVVM) CRUD 的情况下将数据添加到 Datagrid
[英]Add Data to Datagrid Without Closing new View (WPF MVVM) CRUD
问题描述
我是 MVVM 的新手，我似乎无法找到我的问题的答案..
我有 2 个视图（Caixa 和 CaixaDetalhes），在 Caixa 视图中我有一个显示所有 Caixas 的数据网格，在第二个视图中显示详细信息，用户可以“CRUD”，但我不想在更新或添加时关闭视图与对话结果。
我的观点：
AssistenciasCaixas:
<DataGrid x:Name="dgCaixas" Grid.Row="1" Style="{StaticResource DataGridResultados}" ItemsSource="{Binding Caixas}" SelectedItem="{Binding CaixaSelecionado}" RowHeight="25" Background="White" >
<DataGrid.Columns>
<DataGridTextColumn Header="Id" Visibility="Hidden" Binding="{Binding Id}"/>
<DataGridTextColumn Header="PostoID" Visibility="Hidden" Binding="{Binding Posto.ID}"/>
<DataGridTextColumn Header="IdUtilizador" Visibility="Hidden" Binding="{Binding IdUtilizador}"/>
<DataGridTextColumn Header="Posto" Width="200" Binding="{Binding Posto.Descricao}" CanUserReorder="False" CanUserResize="False" CanUserSort="False" FontSize="15" IsReadOnly="True"/>
<DataGridTextColumn Header="Data Caixa" Width="90" Binding="{Binding DataCaixa,StringFormat={}\{0:dd/MM/yyyy\}}" CanUserReorder="False" CanUserResize="False" CanUserSort="False" FontSize="15" IsReadOnly="True"/>
<DataGridTextColumn Header="Data Eliminado" Width="100" Binding="{Binding DataEliminado, StringFormat={}\{0:dd/MM/yyyy\}}" CanUserReorder="False" CanUserResize="False" CanUserSort="False" FontSize="15" IsReadOnly="True"/>
<DataGridTextColumn Header="Motivo" Width="*" Binding="{Binding Motivo}" CanUserReorder="False" CanUserResize="False" CanUserSort="False" FontSize="15" IsReadOnly="True"/>
<DataGridTextColumn Header="Nº Caixa" Width="70" Binding="{Binding NumCaixa}" CanUserReorder="False" CanUserResize="False" CanUserSort="False" FontSize="15" IsReadOnly="True"/>
<DataGridTextColumn Header="Exportado" Width="100" Binding="{Binding Exportado}" CanUserReorder="False" CanUserResize="False" CanUserSort="False" FontSize="15" IsReadOnly="True">
<DataGridTextColumn.ElementStyle>
<Style TargetType="TextBlock">
<Setter Property="HorizontalAlignment" Value="Center" />
</Style>
</DataGridTextColumn.ElementStyle>
</DataGridTextColumn>
<DataGridTextColumn Header="Observações" Width="200" Binding="{Binding Obs}" CanUserReorder="False" CanUserResize="False" CanUserSort="False" FontSize="15" IsReadOnly="True"/>
<DataGridTextColumn Header="Utilizador" Visibility="Hidden" Binding="{Binding IdUtilizador}"/>
</DataGrid.Columns>
</DataGrid>
CaixaDetalhes
<Grid>
<Grid.RowDefinitions>
<RowDefinition Height="70"/>
<RowDefinition Height="80"/>
<RowDefinition Height="*"/>
<RowDefinition Height="150"/>
<RowDefinition Height="70"/>
</Grid.RowDefinitions>
<Grid Grid.Row="0">
<Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<ColumnDefinition Width="*"/>
<ColumnDefinition Width="*"/>
</Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<Label Grid.Column="0" Content="Posto:" VerticalAlignment="Top" HorizontalAlignment="Center" Style="{StaticResource lblEditarForms}" Margin="0,-5,0,0" />
<ComboBox Grid.Column="0" x:Name="comboBoxPostos" VerticalAlignment="Bottom" HorizontalAlignment="Center" Width="300" Margin="0,0,0,5" Style="{DynamicResource ComboBoxProblemas}" ItemsSource="{Binding Postos}" SelectedItem="{Binding Detalhes.Posto}" SelectedValue="{Binding Detalhes.Posto.ID, Mode=TwoWay, UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}" SelectedValuePath="ID" DisplayMemberPath="Descricao"/>
<Rectangle VerticalAlignment="Stretch" HorizontalAlignment="Right" Width="1" Stroke="#FF00256D" />
<Label Grid.Column="1" Content="Exportado para o Olisoft?" HorizontalAlignment="Left" VerticalAlignment="Center" Margin="35,0,0,0" Style="{StaticResource lblEditarForms}" FontSize="20"/>
<CheckBox x:Name="cbExportado" Grid.Column="1" IsChecked="{Binding Detalhes.Exportado, UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}" HorizontalAlignment="Right" VerticalAlignment="Center" Margin="0,0,20,0">
<CheckBox.LayoutTransform>
<ScaleTransform ScaleX="1.5" ScaleY="1.5" />
</CheckBox.LayoutTransform>
</CheckBox>
<Rectangle HorizontalAlignment="Stretch" VerticalAlignment="Bottom" Height="1" Stroke="#FF00256D" Grid.ColumnSpan="2" />
</Grid>
<Grid Grid.Row="1">
<Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<ColumnDefinition Width="*"/>
<ColumnDefinition Width="*"/>
<ColumnDefinition Width="*"/>
</Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<Label Grid.Column="0" Content="Data do Caixa:" VerticalAlignment="Top" HorizontalAlignment="Center" Style="{StaticResource lblEditarForms}" FontSize="20"/>
<DatePicker x:Name="dtPickerDataCaixa" Grid.Column="0" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Bottom" Margin="0,0,0,15" FirstDayOfWeek="Monday" DisplayDateStart="2015-01-01" CalendarStyle="{StaticResource resizedCalendarItem}" SelectedDate="{Binding Detalhes.DataCaixa, Mode=TwoWay, UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}"/>
<Rectangle VerticalAlignment="Stretch" HorizontalAlignment="Right" Width="1" Stroke="#FF00256D" />
<Label Grid.Column="1" Content="Data Eliminado:" VerticalAlignment="Top" HorizontalAlignment="Center" Style="{StaticResource lblEditarForms}" FontSize="20"/>
<DatePicker x:Name="dtPickerDataEliminado" Grid.Column="1" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Bottom" Margin="0,0,0,15" FirstDayOfWeek="Monday" DisplayDateStart="2015-01-01" CalendarStyle="{StaticResource resizedCalendarItem}" SelectedDate="{Binding Detalhes.DataEliminado, Mode=TwoWay, UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}" />
<Rectangle Grid.Column="1" VerticalAlignment="Stretch" HorizontalAlignment="Right" Width="1" Stroke="#FF00256D" />
<Label Grid.Column="2" Content="Número do Caixa:" VerticalAlignment="Top" HorizontalAlignment="Center" Style="{StaticResource lblEditarForms}" FontSize="20"/>
<TextBox x:Name="txtNumCaixa" Grid.Column="2" Height="28" TextWrapping="Wrap" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Bottom" Margin="0,0,0,15" Width="200" MaxLines="1" FontSize="15" Text="{Binding Detalhes.NumCaixa, UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}"/>
<Rectangle HorizontalAlignment="Stretch" VerticalAlignment="Bottom" Height="1" Stroke="#FF00256D" Grid.ColumnSpan="3" />
</Grid>
<Label Grid.Row="2" Content="Motivo" VerticalAlignment="Top" HorizontalAlignment="Center" Style="{StaticResource lblEditarForms}" FontSize="20" Margin="0,-6,0,0"/>
<TextBox Grid.Row="2" x:Name="richTextBoxMotivo" Height="100" Width="655" FontFamily="Calibri" FontSize="18" VerticalAlignment="Bottom" BorderBrush="#AAAAAA" BorderThickness="1.5" Margin="0,0,0,8" Text="{Binding Detalhes.Motivo, UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}"/>
<Rectangle HorizontalAlignment="Stretch" VerticalAlignment="Bottom" Height="1" Stroke="#FF00256D" Grid.Row="2" />
<Label Grid.Row="3" Content="Observações" VerticalAlignment="Top" HorizontalAlignment="Center" Style="{StaticResource lblEditarForms}" FontSize="20" Grid.RowSpan="2"/>
<TextBox Grid.Row="3" x:Name="richTextBoxObservacoes" Height="100" Width="655" FontFamily="Calibri" FontSize="18" VerticalAlignment="Bottom" BorderBrush="#AAAAAA" BorderThickness="1.5" Margin="0,0,0,10" Text="{Binding Detalhes.Obs, UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}" />
<Rectangle HorizontalAlignment="Stretch" VerticalAlignment="Bottom" Height="1" Stroke="#FF00256D" Grid.Row="3" />
<UniformGrid Grid.Row="4" Columns="4" Height="70" Background="White" >
<Button x:Name="btnGravar" Style="{StaticResource BotaoGridOperacoes}" CommandParameter="{Binding}" Command="{Binding Gravar}">
<DockPanel LastChildFill="True" Width="115">
<Image Source="../../Imagens/save32black.png" Stretch="Fill" Width="32" Height="32" />
<TextBlock x:Name="txtBtnGravar" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Foreground="#FF00256D" Text="{Binding Path=AddSave, UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged, Mode=OneWay}"></TextBlock>
</DockPanel>
</Button>
<Button Style="{StaticResource BotaoGridOperacoes}">
<DockPanel LastChildFill="True" Width="115">
<Image Source="../../Imagens/new32Black.png" Stretch="Fill" Width="32" Height="32" />
<TextBlock HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Foreground="#FF00256D">Novo</TextBlock>
</DockPanel>
</Button>
<Button Style="{StaticResource BotaoGridOperacoes}" >
<DockPanel VerticalAlignment="Stretch" Width="125">
<Image Source="../../Imagens/bin2.png" Stretch="Fill" Width="32" Height="32"/>
<TextBlock HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Foreground="#FF00256D">Eliminar</TextBlock>
</DockPanel>
</Button>
<Button x:Name="btnSair" Style="{StaticResource BotaoGridOperacoes}" CommandParameter="{Binding}" Command="{Binding Sair}">
<DockPanel VerticalAlignment="Stretch" Width="100">
<Image Source="/HelpDesk Assist;component/Avancado/Imagens/exit32.png" Stretch="Fill" Width="32" Height="32" />
<TextBlock HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Foreground="#FF00256D">Sair</TextBlock>
</DockPanel>
</Button>
</UniformGrid>
</Grid>
我的模型：
财报：
public class Caixa : BaseNotifyPropertyChanged
{
private int _id;
private Posto _posto;
private DateTime _dataCaixa;
private DateTime _dataEliminado;
private string _motivo;
private int _numCaixa;
private bool _exportado;
private string _obs;
private int _idUtilizador;
public int Id
{
get => _id;
set => SetField(ref _id, value);
}
public Posto Posto
{
get => _posto;
set => SetField(ref _posto, value);
}
public DateTime DataCaixa
{
get => _dataCaixa;
set => SetField(ref _dataCaixa, value);
}
public DateTime DataEliminado
{
get => _dataEliminado;
set => SetField(ref _dataEliminado, value);
}
public string Motivo
{
get => _motivo;
set => SetField(ref _motivo, value);
}
public int NumCaixa
{
get => _numCaixa;
set => SetField(ref _numCaixa, value);
}
public bool Exportado
{
get => _exportado;
set => SetField(ref _exportado, value);
}
public string Obs
{
get => _obs;
set => SetField(ref _obs, value);
}
public int IdUtilizador
{
get => _idUtilizador;
set => SetField(ref _idUtilizador, value);
}
}
我的视图模型：
CaixasViewModel
public class CaixasViewModel : BaseNotifyPropertyChanged
{
public ObservableCollection<Caixa> Caixas { get; private set; }
public CaixasViewModel()
{
int utilizadorAtual = Properties.Settings.Default.userID;
Caixas = new ObservableCollection<Caixa>();
Caixas = CaixaData.GetCaixasUtilizador(utilizadorAtual);
}
private Caixa _caixaSelecionado;
public Caixa CaixaSelecionado
{
get { return _caixaSelecionado; }
set
{
SetField(ref _caixaSelecionado, value);
Delete.RaiseCanExecuteChanged();
Edita.RaiseCanExecuteChanged();
}
}
public DeleteCaixa Delete { get; private set; } = new DeleteCaixa();
public EditaCaixa Edita { get; private set; } = new EditaCaixa();
public NovoCaixa Novo { get; private set; } = new NovoCaixa();
public class DeleteCaixa : BaseCommand
{
public override bool CanExecute(object parameter)
{
return parameter is CaixasViewModel viewModel && viewModel.CaixaSelecionado != null;
}
public override void Execute(object parameter)
{
CaixasViewModel viewModel = (CaixasViewModel)parameter;
CaixaData.DeleteCaixa(viewModel.CaixaSelecionado.Id);
_ = viewModel.Caixas.Remove(viewModel.CaixaSelecionado);
}
}
public class NovoCaixa : BaseCommand
{
public override bool CanExecute(object parameter)
{
return parameter is CaixasViewModel;
}
public override void Execute(object parameter)
{
CaixasViewModel viewModel = (CaixasViewModel)parameter;
Caixa caixa = new Caixa
{
DataCaixa = DateTime.Now,
DataEliminado = DateTime.Now
};
CaixasDetalhesViewModel caixaDetalhes = new CaixasDetalhesViewModel(caixa);
DetalhesCaixa dc = new DetalhesCaixa(caixaDetalhes)
{
Owner = Application.Current.MainWindow
};
_ = dc.ShowDialog();
if (dc.DialogResult.HasValue && dc.DialogResult.Value)
{
viewModel.Caixas.Add(caixa);
viewModel.CaixaSelecionado = caixa;
}
}
}
public class EditaCaixa : BaseCommand
{
public override bool CanExecute(object parameter)
{
return parameter is CaixasViewModel viewModel && viewModel.CaixaSelecionado != null;
}
public override void Execute(object parameter)
{
CaixasViewModel viewModel = (CaixasViewModel)parameter;
CaixasDetalhesViewModel caixaDetalhes = new CaixasDetalhesViewModel(viewModel.CaixaSelecionado);
DetalhesCaixa detCaixa = new DetalhesCaixa(caixaDetalhes)
{
Owner = Application.Current.MainWindow
};
_ = detCaixa.ShowDialog();
}
}
}
CaixasDetalhesViewModel：
public class CaixasDetalhesViewModel : BaseNotifyPropertyChanged
{
public ObservableCollection<Posto> Postos { get; set; }
public Caixa Detalhes { get; set; }
public CaixasDetalhesViewModel(Caixa detalhes)
{
Postos = new ObservableCollection<Posto>();
Postos = PostoData.GetPostosSimples();
Detalhes = detalhes;
EscolheFinal();
}
private string _addSave = "Inserir";
public string AddSave
{
get => _addSave;
set
{
_addSave = value;
RaisePropertyChanged("AddSave");
}
}
public void EscolheFinal()
{
AddSave = Detalhes.Id == 0 ? "Inserir" : "Gravar";
}
public Action DialogResult { get; set; }
public Action CloseWindow { get; set; }
public GravarCaixa Gravar { get; private set; } = new GravarCaixa();
public SairCaixa Sair { get; private set; } = new SairCaixa();
public class GravarCaixa : BaseCommand
{
public override bool CanExecute(object parameter)
{
return parameter is CaixasDetalhesViewModel viewModel;
}
public override void Execute(object parameter)
{
CaixasDetalhesViewModel viewModel = (CaixasDetalhesViewModel)parameter;
viewModel.Detalhes.IdUtilizador = Properties.Settings.Default.userID;
CaixaData.AdicionaCaixa(viewModel.Detalhes);
viewModel.EscolheFinal();
viewModel.DialogResult();
}
}
public class SairCaixa : BaseCommand
{
public override bool CanExecute(object parameter)
{
return parameter is CaixasDetalhesViewModel viewModel;
}
public override void Execute(object parameter)
{
CaixasDetalhesViewModel viewModel = (CaixasDetalhesViewModel)parameter;
viewModel.CloseWindow();
}
}
}
全面的：
我可以使用 DialogResult 进行 CRUD，但我需要能够在 CaixaDetalhes 视图中插入/更新/删除“Caixa”而不关闭视图
编辑：如何在单击保存按钮时更新 Caixa Model？ 我尝试使用“UpdateSourceTrigger=Explicit”，但尝试更改 Caixa 时没有任何反应。
我没有使用任何框架，如果可能的话，我想保持这种状态
1 个解决方案
解决方案1
0 2022-01-12 20:01:41
我建议将保存命令的引用和当前修改的项目从CaixasViewModel传递给CaixasDetalhesViewModel 。 然后让CaixasViewModel修改它的Caixas集合，因为它是所有者。
您不应从视图 model 显示对话框。 从代码隐藏中显示它（参见下面的示例）。
下面的例子应该给你一个关于模式的原始概念：让主视图 model 创建并初始化对话框视图 model 并使用相应的保存命令和要修改的项目（添加和编辑）。 对话框视图 model 仅向用户公开要修改的项目，并执行从主视图 model 接收到的保存命令。 主视图 model 知道如何处理目标项目，例如，创建新实例（创建新对话框）或复制实例（编辑对话框）。
主要思想是创建要编辑的原始项目 model 的副本。 单击保存按钮时，通过将新数据复制回原始 model（编辑副本）来提交更改。
该示例还利用了可重用的RelayCommand ，通过降低代码复杂性来帮助提高可读性。 您可以在Microsoft Docs：Relaying Command Logic中找到原始实现。 只需将短代码复制到项目中名为RelayCommand的 class 并使用它，而不是为每个命令实现新的命令类。
CaixasViewModel.cs
class CaixasViewModel
{
public ObservableCollection<Caixa> Caixas { get; private set; }
public ICommand AddCaixaCommand => new RelayCommand(ExecuteAddCaixa);
public ICommand ReplaceCaixaCommand
=> new RelayCommand(ExecuteReplaceCaixa, commandParameter => this.CaixaSelecionado != null);
public ICommand RemoveCaixaCommand => new RelayCommand(ExecuteRemoveCaixa);
public CaixasDetalhesViewModel GetEditCaixaViewModel
{
var editSource = this.CaixaSelecionado.Clone();
return new CaixasDetalhesViewModel(this.ReplaceCaixaCommand, editSource);
}
public CaixasDetalhesViewModel GetCreateCaixaViewModel
{
var editSource = new Caixa();
return new CaixasDetalhesViewModel(this.AddCaixaCommand, editSource);
}
private void ExecuteAddCaixa(object commandParameter)
=> this.Caixas.Add((Caixa)commandParameter);
private void ExecuteReplaceCaixa(object commandParameter)
{
Caixa editedCaixa = (Caixa)commandParameter;
var originalCaixa = this.Caixas.First(caixa => caixa.Id == editedCaixa.Id);
// Copy data
originalCaixa.Posto = editedCaixa.Posto;
...
}
private void ExecuteRemoveCaixa(object commandParameter)
=> this.Caixas.Remove((Caixa)commandParameter);
}
CaixasDetalhesViewModel.cs
class CaixasDetalhesViewModel : INotifyPropertyChanged
{
public Caixa EditSource { get; set; }
public ICommand SaveCommand { get; }
public CaixasDetalhesViewModel(
ICommand saveCommand,
Caixa editSource)
{
this.CommandProvider = saveCommand;
this.EditSource = editSource;
}
}
AssistenciasCaixas.xaml
<!-- DataContext is the CaixasViewModel -->
<Window>
<StackPanel>
<DataGrid x:Name="dgCaixas" />
<Button Content="Open Edit Dialog" Click="OnEditDialogButtonClicked" />
<Button Content="Open Create New Dialog" Click="OnCreateDialogButtonClicked" />
</StackPanel>
</Window>
辅助Caixas.xaml.cs
partial class AssistenciasCaixas : Window
{
private void OnEditDialogButtonClicked(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
var viewModel = this.DataContex as CaixasViewModel;
CaixasDetalhesViewModel caixaDetalhes = viewModel.GetEditCaixaViewModel();
var dc = new DetalhesCaixa(caixaDetalhes);
_ = dc.ShowDialog(); // Owner is automatically set on ShowDialog()
// The following code is now handled in the CaixasViewModel
//if (dc.DialogResult.HasValue && dc.DialogResult.Value)
//{
// viewModel.Caixas.Add(caixa);
// viewModel.CaixaSelecionado = caixa;
//}
}
private void OnCreateDialogButtonClicked(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
var viewModel = this.DataContex as CaixasViewModel;
CaixasDetalhesViewModel caixaDetalhes = viewModel.GetCreateCaixaViewModel();
var dc = new DetalhesCaixa(caixaDetalhes);
_ = dc.ShowDialog(); // Owner is automatically set on ShowDialog()
// The following code is now handled in the CaixasViewModel
//if (dc.DialogResult.HasValue && dc.DialogResult.Value)
//{
// viewModel.Caixas.Add(caixa);
// viewModel.CaixaSelecionado = caixa;
//}
}
}
Caixa.cs
public class Caixa : ICloneable
{
public int Id
{
get => _id;
set => SetField(ref _id, value);
}
...
// Assumes that the property Posto is not editable via dialog,
// otherwise clone Posto too (deep clone).
object ICloneable.Clone() => MemberwiseClone();
public Caixa Clone() => ((ICloneable)this).Clone() as Caixa;
}
CaixaDetalhes.xaml
<!-- DataContext is the CaixasDetalhesViewModel -->
<Window>
<StackPanel>
<TextBox Text="{Binding EditSource.Motivo}" />
<Button Content="Save"
Command="{Binding SaveCommand}"
CommandParameter="{Binding EditSource}" />
</StackPanel>
</Window>
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