如何从 Excel VBA 运行查询

Question

以下代码创建一个新的访问数据库，并将两个不同访问数据库中的表复制到新数据库中。 这部分工作没有错误。

问题出在以下行： TMPConnection.Open TMPConnectionString
它通知该文件已在使用中。

Dim strPath As String
Dim objAccess As Object
Dim dbss As Object
Dim fso As Object
Set fso = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
strPath = Environ("USERPROFILE") & "\Desktop\TMP.accdb"
'DETERMINE IF DB ALREADY EXISTS AND CREATE IF IT DOES NOT
strDb = Dir(strPath)
Set objAccess = CreateObject("Access.Application")
If Len(strDb) <> 0 Then
    fso.DeleteFile strPath
End If
Call objAccess.NewCurrentDatabase(strPath)
Set dbss = objAccess.CurrentDb
'--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
'COPY ACCESS DATABASE TABLES INTO THE NEWLY CREATED TMP DATABASE
objAccess.DoCmd.TransferDatabase acImport, "Microsoft Access", fileNameNEW, acTable, arr1(i), "N"
objAccess.DoCmd.TransferDatabase acImport, "Microsoft Access", fileNameNEW, acTable, arr2(i), "O"
'--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
'CONNECT TO DATABASE
Dim TMPConnection As ADODB.Connection
Dim TMPRecordsetN As ADODB.Recordset
Dim TMPRecordsetO As ADODB.Recordset
Dim TMPQueryN As String
Dim TMPQueryO As String
Set TMPRecordsetN = New ADODB.Recordset
Set TMPRecordsetO = New ADODB.Recordset
Set TMPConnection = New ADODB.Connection
TMPConnectionString = "Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;" & "Data Source=" & strPath
TMPConnection.Open TMPConnectionString
'--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TMPQueryN = "Select * from " & "N"
TMPQueryO = "Select * from " & "O"
Set TMPRecordsetN = TMPConnection.Execute(TMPQueryN)
Set TMPRecordsetO = TMPConnection.Execute(TMPQueryO)
'--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Worksheets("NEW").Range("A1").CopyFromRecordset TMPRecordsetN

我不确定如何使用这个“已经存在”的连接来执行查询Set TMPRecordsetN = TMPConnection.Execute(TMPQueryN) ( TMPConnection )

我的问题是：
如果已经存在到这个新数据库的连接，我如何使用它来运行查询（例如 TMPRecordsetN）

Answer 1

本质上，您以两种不同的方式连接到 MS Access：前端使用 Access COM object，后端使用 ADO。 此外，您正在组合两个数据库 API，DAO 与CurrentDb和 ADO 与ADODB.Connection ，它们都有记录集对象。

考虑通过 Access COM 应用程序和 DAO 使用第一个连接，或者关闭 COM object 并使用 ADO 连接到新数据库。

方法 1：使用 COM 连接和 DAO 运行所有操作

...
Call objAccess.NewCurrentDatabase(strPath)

objAccess.DoCmd.TransferDatabase acImport, "Microsoft Access", fileNameNEW, acTable, arr1(i), "N"
objAccess.DoCmd.TransferDatabase acImport, "Microsoft Access", fileNameNEW, acTable, arr2(i), "O"

' INITIALIZE DAO DATABASE
Set dbss = objAccess.CurrentDb

' OPEN DAO RECORDSETS
TMPQueryN = "SELECT * FROM [N]"
TMPQueryO = "SELECT * FROM [O]"
Set TMPRecordsetN = dbss.OpenRecordset(TMPQueryN)
Set TMPRecordsetO = dbss.OpenRecordset(TMPQueryO)

ThisWorkbook.Worksheets("NEW").Range("A1").CopyFromRecordset TMPRecordsetN

' CLOSE AND RELEASE DAO OBJECTS
TMPRecordsetN.Close: TMPRecordsetO.Close
Set TMPRecordsetN = Nothing: Set TMPRecordsetO = Nothing: Set dbss = Nothing

' CLOSE AND RELEASE COM OBJECT
objAccess.CloseCurrentDatabase
objAccess.Quit

Set objAccess = Nothing

方法二：关闭没有DAO的COM连接，打开ADO连接

...
Call objAccess.NewCurrentDatabase(strPath)

objAccess.DoCmd.TransferDatabase acImport, "Microsoft Access", fileNameNEW, acTable, arr1(i), "N"
objAccess.DoCmd.TransferDatabase acImport, "Microsoft Access", fileNameNEW, acTable, arr2(i), "O"

' CLOSE AND RELEASE COM OBJECT
objAccess.CloseCurrentDatabase()
objAccess.Quit()

Set objAccess = Nothing


' CONNECT TO DATABASE VIA ADO -----------------------------------------------------
Dim TMPConnection As ADODB.Connection
Dim TMPRecordsetN As ADODB.Recordset, TMPRecordsetO As ADODB.Recordset
Dim TMPQueryN As String, TMPQueryO As String

' OPEN CONNECTION
Set TMPConnection = New ADODB.Connection
MPConnectionString = "Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;" & "Data Source=" & strPath
TMPConnection.Open TMPConnectionString

' OPEN ADO RECORDSETS
Set TMPRecordsetN = New ADODB.Recordset
TMPQueryN = "SELECT * FROM [N]"
TMPRecordsetN.Open TMPQueryN, TMPConnection

Set TMPRecordsetO = New ADODB.Recordset
TMPQueryO = "SELECT * FROM [O]"
TMPRecordsetO.Open TMPQueryO, TMPConnection

ThisWorkbook.Worksheets("NEW").Range("A1").CopyFromRecordset TMPRecordsetN

' CLOSE AND RELEASE ADO OBJECTS
TMPRecordsetO.Close: TMPRecordsetN.Close: TMPConnection.Close
Set TMPRecordsetO = Nothing: Set TMPRecordsetN = Nothing: Set TMPConnection = Nothing