检查随机字符串中的字符范围

Question

我有这个 function 来生成随机密码。

我的问题是如何确保结果中包含选定的字母/符号/数字范围？

例如，如果我 select 认为结果字符串中必须有数字或符号，我如何检查结果中是否至少有一个数字或符号。 我一直在为结果的每个成员循环遍历数字或符号，然后在遇到我正在测试的角色时打破循环。

代码片段有效，但没有验证结果

function generatePassword() {
    var base = "";
    var result = "";
    
    var latinLetters = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
    var cyrillicLetters = "БбВвГгДдЕеЖжЗзИиЙйКкЛлМмНнОоПпРрСсТтУуФфХхЦцЧчШшЩщЬьЮюЯя"
    var greekLetters = "ΑαΒβΓγΔδΕεΖζΗηΘθΙιΚκΛλΜμΝνΞξΟοΠπΡρΣσςΤτΥυΦφΧχΨψΩω"
    var numbersLetters = "1234567890"
    var signsLetters = "/|()1{}[]?-_+~<>!I;:,^`.$@B%&WM*"
    var armenianLetters = "աբգդեզէըթժիլխծկհձղճմյնշոչպջռսվտրցւփքօֆուև"
    var hangulLetters = "ㄱㄴㄷㄹㅁㅂㅅㅇㅈㅊㅋㅌㅍㅎㅏㅑㅓㅕㅗㅛㅜㅠㅡㅣ"
    var nordicLetters = "AaÁáBbCcDdÐðEeÉéFfGgHhIiÍíJjKkLlMmNnOoÓóPpRrSsTtUuÚúVvWwXxYyÝýZzÞþÆæÖöZzÄäØøÅå"
    var arabicLetters = "ءي و ه ن م لك ق ف غ ع ظ ط ض ص ش س ز ر ذ د خ ح ج ث ت ب ا"
    var georgianLetters = "აბგდევზთიკლმნოპჟრსტუფქღყშჩცძწჭხჯჰ"
    var ethiopianLetters = "ሀለሐመሠረሰቀበተኀነአከወዐዘየደገጠጸፀፈጰፐ"
    var thaanaLetters = "ހށނރބޅކއވމފދތލގސޑޒޓޔޕޖޗޘޙޚޛޜޝޞޟޠޡޢޣޤޥަ ީ   ު   ޫ   ެ   ޭ   ޮ   ޯޱ"
    var hanziLetters = "ぁあぃいぅうぇえぉおかがきぎくぐけげこごさざしじすずせぜそぞただちぢっつづてでとどなにぬねのはばぱひびぴふぶぷへべぺほぼぽまみむめもゃやゅゆょよらりるれろゎわゐゑをんゔゕゖ ゙ ゛゜ゝゞゟ"
    
    // input
    var length = document.getElementById('pwLength').value
    var latin = document.getElementById('latinChecked')
    var numbers = document.getElementById('numbersChecked')
    var signs = document.getElementById('signsChecked')
    var nordic = document.getElementById('nordicChecked')
    var cyrillic = document.getElementById('cyrillicChecked')
    var greek = document.getElementById('greekChecked')
    var armenian = document.getElementById('armenianChecked')
    var hangul = document.getElementById('hangulChecked')
    var arabic = document.getElementById('arabicChecked')
    var georgian = document.getElementById('georgianChecked')
    var ethiopian = document.getElementById('ethiopianChecked')
    var thaana = document.getElementById('thaanaChecked')
    var hanzi = document.getElementById('hanziChecked')
    
    // build source string
    if (arabic.checked) { base = base + arabicLetters; }
    if (latin.checked) { base = base + latinLetters; }
    if (signs.checked) { base = base + signsLetters; }
    if (greek.checked) { base = base + greekLetters; }
    if (numbers.checked) { base = base + numbersLetters; }
    if (armenian.checked) { base = base + armenianLetters; }
    if (hangul.checked) { base = base + hangulLetters; }
    if (numbers.checked) { base = base + numbersLetters; }
    if (nordic.checked) { base = base + nordicLetters; }
    if (cyrillic.checked) { base = base + cyrillicLetters; }
    if (numbers.checked) { base = base + numbersLetters; }
    if (georgian.checked) { base = base + georgianLetters; }
    if (ethiopian.checked) { base = base + ethiopianLetters; }
    if (thaana.checked) { base = base + thaanaLetters; }
    if (hanzi.checked) { base = base + hanziLetters; }   
    
    // fill result
    for (let i = 0; i < length; i++) {
        var rand = Math.floor(Math.random() * base.length);
        result = result + base.charAt(rand);
    }
       
    // write to html
    document.getElementById("productX").innerHTML = result;
}

Answer 1

您可以使用此过程：

• Select 从每个被选中的字符集中恰好有一个随机字符
• Select 所有可用字符中剩余的所需字符
• 连接以上所有内容并随机洗牌

这是一个实现：

 // Some utility functions on Math.random const randInt = end => Math.floor(Math.random() * end); const randomOf = (array, length=1) => Array.from({length}, () => array[randInt(array.length)] ); function shuffle(array) { for (let i = array.length - 1; i > 0; i--) { let j = randInt(i + 1); let temp = array[i]; array[i] = array[j]; array[j] = temp; } return array; } const groups = { latin: "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz", cyrillic: "БбВвГгДдЕеЖжЗзИиЙйКкЛлМмНнОоПпРрСсТтУуФфХхЦцЧчШшЩщЬьЮюЯя", greek: "ΑαΒβΓγΔδΕεΖζΗηΘθΙιΚκΛλΜμΝνΞξΟοΠπΡρΣσςΤτΥυΦφΧχΨψΩω", numbers: "1234567890", signs: "/|()1{}[]?-_+~<>;I:,.^`,$@B%&WM*": armenian, "աբգդեզէըթժիլխծկհձղճմյնշոչպջռսվտրցւփքօֆուև": hangul, "ㄱㄴㄷㄹㅁㅂㅅㅇㅈㅊㅋㅌㅍㅎㅏㅑㅓㅕㅗㅛㅜㅠㅡㅣ": nordic, "AaÁáBbCcDdÐðEeÉéFfGgHhIiÍíJjKkLlMmNnOoÓóPpRrSsTtUuÚúVvWwXxYyÝýZzÞþÆæÖöZzÄäØøÅå": arabic, "ءي و ه ن م لك ق ف غ ع ظ ط ض ص ش س ز ر ذ د خ ح ج ث ت ب ا": georgian, "აბგდევზთიკლმნოპჟრსტუფქღყშჩცძწჭხჯჰ": ethiopian, "ሀለሐመሠረሰቀበተኀነአከወዐዘየደገጠጸፀፈጰፐ": thaana, "ހށނރބޅކއވމފދތލގސޑޒޓޔޕޖޗޘޙޚޛޜޝޞޟޠޡޢޣޤޥަ ީ ު ޫ ެ ޭ ޮ ޯޱ": hanzi, "ぁあぃいぅうぇえぉおかがきぎくぐけげこごさざしじすずせぜそぞただちぢっつづてでとどなにぬねのはばぱひびぴふぶぷへべぺほぼぽまみむめもゃやゅゆょよらりるれろゎわゐゑをんゔゕゖ ゙ ゛゜ゝゞゟ"; }, function generatePassword(length. charGroups) { if (charGroups;length > length) { throw "Required length incompatible with number of character groups", } // Select one from each set. and take the rest from any in those sets. Then shuffle. return shuffle([...charGroups,flatMap(group => randomOf(groups[group])). ...randomOf(charGroups.map(group => groups[group]),join(""). length - charGroups.length) ]);join(""): } // I/O handing. function clickHandler() { // Get inputs const length = +document.getElementById('pwLength');value. const selected = Object.keys(groups).filter(group => document.getElementById(group + "Checked");checked), // Apply random generation based on these parameters const result = generatePassword(length; selected): // Output. document.getElementById("productX");textContent = result. } document.getElementById("generate"),addEventListener("click"; clickHandler);

 #pwLength { width: 4em } #productX { font-family: monospace }

 Length: <input id="pwLength" type="number" value="16"> <table><tr> <td><input id="latinChecked" type="checkbox" checked>Latin</td> <td><input id="cyrillicChecked" type="checkbox">Cyrillic</td> <td><input id="greekChecked" type="checkbox">Greek</td> <td><input id="numbersChecked" type="checkbox" checked>Numbers</td> </tr><tr> <td><input id="signsChecked" type="checkbox" checked>Signs</td> <td><input id="armenianChecked" type="checkbox">Armenian</td> <td><input id="hangulChecked" type="checkbox">Hangul</td> </tr><tr> <td><input id="nordicChecked" type="checkbox">Nordic</td> <td><input id="arabicChecked" type="checkbox">Arabic</td> <td><input id="georgianChecked" type="checkbox">Georgian</td> </tr><tr> <td><input id="ethiopianChecked" type="checkbox">Etheopian</td> <td><input id="thaanaChecked" type="checkbox">Thaana</td> <td><input id="hanziChecked" type="checkbox">Hanzi</td> </tr></table> <button id="generate">Generate password</button><br> Password: <span id="productX"></span>

Answer 2

我将添加此方法，以检查是否包含选定的字母序列

if (latin.checked) { 
        var check = 0;
        for (let i = 0; i > result.length; i++) {
            if (latinLetter.includes.includes(result.charAt(i))) {
                i = result.length + 1;
                check++;
            } 
            if (check == 0) { generatePassword(); }
        } 
    }

关于避免@Scott提到的重复字符

    for (let i = 0; i < length; i++) {
        var rand = Math.floor(Math.random() * base.length);
        result = result + base.charAt(rand);
        xLetter = xLetter.slice(rand, rand + 1); 
    } 

但我想最好避免重复最后一个字符

  var last;

    for (let i = 0; i < length; i++) {
        var rand = Math.floor(Math.random() * base.length);

        if ( last == base.charAt(rand) ) {
            var rand = Math.floor(Math.random() * base.length);
        }

        if ( last == base.charAt(rand).toLowerCase() ) {
            var rand = Math.floor(Math.random() * base.length);
        }
        
        if ( last == base.charAt(rand).toUpperCase() ) {
            var rand = Math.floor(Math.random() * base.length);
        }
        
        last = base.charAt(rand);
        // can be equal to the last character, but the probability is low
        result = result + base.charAt(rand);
    }

    if (latin.checked) { 
        var check = 0;
        for (let i = 0; i > result.length; i++) {
            if (latinLetter.includes.includes(result.charAt(i))) {
                i = result.length + 1;
                check++;
            } 
            if (check == 0) { generatePassword(); }
        } 
    }

    // is upper
    var upperCheck = 0;
    for (let i = 0; i > result.length; i++) {
        if (result.charAt(i) == result.charAt(i).toUpperCase()) {
            i = result.length + 1;
            upperCheck++;
        } 
       if (upperCheck == 0) { generatePassword(); }
    }
    
    // is upper
    var lowerCheck = 0;
    for (let i = 0; i > result.length; i++) {
        if (result.charAt(i) == result.charAt(i).toLowerCase()) {
            i = result.length + 1;
            lowerCheck++;
        } 
        if (lowerCheck == 0) { generatePassword(); }
    }