尝试与文件类型模块一起使用时出现笑话错误。 如何修复“无法在模块外使用导入语句”？

Question

嗨，我正在尝试为我的代码创建测试，但我遇到了问题，终端上的主要消息是：

    ({"Object.<anonymous>":function(module,exports,require,__dirname,__filename,jest). 
    {import * as strtok3 from 'strtok3';
                                                                                      
     ^^^^^^

    SyntaxError: Cannot use import statement outside a module

看起来我的一个依赖项无法与 jest 一起工作，可能是因为我使用的是 typescript。有人知道我该如何解决这个问题？ 我提供了关于我的项目的所有必要信息，包括上面的终端错误。 谢谢你。

我正在测试的文件：

      import {
    S3Client,
    PutObjectCommand,
    PutObjectCommandInput,
  } from "@aws-sdk/client-s3";
  import { v4 as uuidv4 } from "uuid";
  import { fileTypeFromBuffer } from "file-type";
  import { MulterFile } from "../../../types/MulterFile";
  import { createImageInDB } from "../create-in-db";

  const client = new S3Client({
    region: "sa-east-1",
    credentials: {
      accessKeyId: process.env.AWS_IAM_IMAGES_ACCESS_KEY!,
      secretAccessKey: process.env.AWS_IAM_IMAGES_SECRET_KEY!,
    },
  });

  // export const UploadFileSchema = z.object({
  //   file: z.instanceof(),
  // });

  // export type UploadFileType = z.infer<typeof UploadFileSchema>;

  export const verifyFileTypeIsCorrect = async (
    types: string[],
    file: MulterFile
  ) => {
    const fileType = await fileTypeFromBuffer(file.buffer);

    if (!fileType) {
      return false;
    }

    if (types.includes(fileType.ext)) {
      return `.${fileType.ext}`;
    }

    return false;
  };

  const acceptedFileTypes = ["jpeg", "png", "jpg", "webp"];

  export const uploadImage = async ({
    file,
    path,
    userId,
  }: {
    file: MulterFile;
    path: string;
    userId?: string | null;
  }) => {
    const fileType = await verifyFileTypeIsCorrect(acceptedFileTypes, file);

    if (!fileType) {
      return {
        success: false,
        message: `Tipo de arquivo inválido, aceitamos apenas: ${acceptedFileTypes.join(
          ", "
        )}`,
      };
    }

    const newFileName =
      `${path}/${userId ? userId + "/" : ""}` + uuidv4() + fileType;

    const uploadParams: PutObjectCommandInput = {
      Bucket: process.env.AWS_IAM_IMAGES_BUCKET_NAME!,
      Key: newFileName,
      Body: file.buffer,
    };

    let output;

    try {
      output = await client.send(new PutObjectCommand(uploadParams));
    } catch (error) {
      return {
        success: false,
        message: "Erro ao fazer upload da imagem.",
      };
    }

    const url = `https://${process.env.AWS_IAM_IMAGES_BUCKET_NAME}.s3.sa-east-1.amazonaws.com/${newFileName}`;

    return {
      success: true,
      message: "Upload feito com sucesso.",
      data: {
        url,
      },
    };
  };

  export const uploadImageAndCreateInDB = async ({
    file,
    path,
    userId,
    alt,
    name,
  }: {
    file: MulterFile;
    path: string;
    userId: string;
    alt?: string;
    name?: string;
  }) => {
    const {
      data: dataUpload,
      message: messageUpload,
      success: successUpload,
    } = await uploadImage({ file, path, userId });

    if (!successUpload || !dataUpload) {
      throw new Error(messageUpload);
    }

    const { data, message, success } = await createImageInDB({
      url: dataUpload.url,
      alt,
      userId,
      name,
    });

    if (!success || !data) {
      throw new Error(message);
    }

    return {
      success: true,
      message: "Upload feito com sucesso.",
      data,
    };
  };

jest.config.js

module.exports = {
  clearMocks: true,
  preset: "ts-jest",
  testEnvironment: "node",
  setupFilesAfterEnv: ["./singleton.ts"],
};

package.json

    "scripts": {
    "dev": "next dev",
    "build": "next build",
    "start": "next start",
    "lint": "next lint",
    "postinstall": "prisma generate",
    "test": "NODE_ENV=test jest -i --verbose"
  },
  "dependencies": {
    "@aws-sdk/client-s3": "^3.238.0",
    "@bmunozg/react-image-area": "^1.1.0",
    "@headlessui/react": "^1.7.7",
    "@heroicons/react": "^2.0.13",
    "@next-auth/prisma-adapter": "^1.0.5",
    "@nivo/bar": "^0.80.0",
    "@nivo/core": "^0.80.0",
    "@nivo/line": "^0.80.0",
    "@prisma/client": "^4.8.0",
    "@sendgrid/mail": "^7.7.0",
    "@stripe/stripe-js": "^1.46.0",
    "@tanstack/react-query": "^4.20.4",
    "@trpc/client": "^10.7.0",
    "@trpc/next": "^10.7.0",
    "@trpc/react-query": "^10.7.0",
    "@trpc/server": "^10.7.0",
    "@types/node": "18.11.9",
    "@types/react": "18.0.25",
    "bcrypt": "^5.1.0",
    "blaze-slider": "^1.9.0",
    "cookies": "^0.8.0",
    "daisyui": "^2.46.0",
    "eslint": "8.27.0",
    "eslint-config-next": "^13.1.1",
    "file-type": "^18.0.0",
    "jsonwebtoken": "^9.0.0",
    "lodash": "^4.17.21",
    "micro": "^9.4.1",
    "micro-cors": "^0.1.1",
    "multer": "^1.4.5-lts.1",
    "next": "^13.1.1",
    "next-auth": "^4.18.7",
    "react": "18.2.0",
    "react-dom": "18.2.0",
    "react-toastify": "^9.1.1",
    "sanitize-html": "^2.8.1",
    "stripe": "^11.5.0",
    "uuid": "^9.0.0",
    "zod": "^3.20.2"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "@tailwindcss/typography": "^0.5.8",
    "@types/bcrypt": "^5.0.0",
    "@types/cookies": "^0.7.7",
    "@types/jest": "^29.2.4",
    "@types/jsonwebtoken": "^8.5.9",
    "@types/lodash": "^4.14.191",
    "@types/micro-cors": "^0.1.2",
    "@types/multer": "^1.4.7",
    "@types/react-dom": "^18.0.10",
    "@types/sanitize-html": "^2.8.0",
    "@types/uuid": "^8.3.4",
    "autoprefixer": "^10.4.13",
    "jest": "^29.3.1",
    "jest-mock-extended": "^3.0.1",
    "postcss": "^8.4.20",
    "prisma": "^4.8.0",
    "tailwindcss": "^3.2.4",
    "ts-jest": "^29.0.3",
    "typescript": "^4.9.4"
  }

index.test.ts 文件：

      import {
    uploadImage,
    verifyFileTypeIsCorrect,
  } from "../../../src/lib/services/image/upload";
  import { OBJECT_TO_MOCK_USER } from "../auth/index.test";

  export const OBJECT_TO_MOCK_IMAGE = () => ({
    id: "clbfokijd00007z6bsf3qgq5t",
    url: `https://${process.env.AWS_IAM_IMAGES_BUCKET_NAME}.s3.sa-east-1.amazonaws.com/texts/clbfp20sl00097z6bnuptsu8f/b49afd22-337b-43e9-811c-d70c551c4086.jpg`,
    name: "Teste Nome",
  });

  jest.mock("@aws-sdk/client-s3", () => {
    return {
      S3Client: jest.fn(() => ({
        send: jest.fn(() => ({
          success: true,
          message: "Upload feito com sucesso.",
          data: {
            url: `https://${process.env.AWS_IAM_IMAGES_BUCKET_NAME}.s3.sa-east-1.amazonaws.com/texts/clbfp20sl00097z6bnuptsu8f/b49afd22-337b-43e9-811c-d70c551c4086.jpg`,
          },
        })),
      })),
    };
  });

  jest.mock("uuid", () => {
    return {
      v4: jest.fn(() => "b49afd22-337b-43e9-811c-d70c551c4086"),
    };
  });

  describe("Image", () => {
    let image: any;
    let user: any;

    beforeEach(async () => {
      image = OBJECT_TO_MOCK_IMAGE();
      user = OBJECT_TO_MOCK_USER("123456789");
    });

    test("deve verificar se os tipos do arquivo são válidos", async () => {
      const file = {
        mimetype: "application/pdf",
        buffer: Buffer.from(""),
        originalname: "teste.pdf",
      };

      const acceptedFileTypes = ["jpeg", "png", "jpg", "webp"];

      await expect(
        verifyFileTypeIsCorrect(acceptedFileTypes, file)
      ).resolves.toEqual({
        success: false,
        message: `Tipo de arquivo inválido, aceitamos apenas: ${acceptedFileTypes.join(
          ", "
        )}`,
      });
    });

    test("verify uploadImage function que deve fazer upload de uma imagem", async () => {
      const file = {
        mimetype: "image/jpeg",
        buffer: Buffer.from(""),
        originalname: "teste.jpeg",
      };

      await expect(
        uploadImage({
          file,
          path: "teste",
          userId: user.id,
        })
      ).resolves.toEqual({
        success: true,
        message: "Upload feito com sucesso.",
        data: {
          url: `https://${process.env.AWS_IAM_IMAGES_BUCKET_NAME}.s3.sa-east-1.amazonaws.com/teste/${user.id}/b49afd22-337b-43e9-811c-d70c551c4086.jpg`,
        },
      });
    });
  });

控制台错误：

FAIL  tests/api/image/index.test.ts
● Test suite failed to run

Jest encountered an unexpected token

Jest failed to parse a file. This happens e.g. when your code or its dependencies use non-standard JavaScript syntax, or when Jest is not configured to support such syntax.

Out of the box Jest supports Babel, which will be used to transform your files into valid JS based on your Babel configuration.

By default "node_modules" folder is ignored by transformers.

Here's what you can do:
 • If you are trying to use ECMAScript Modules, see https://jestjs.io/docs/ecmascript-modules for how to enable it.
 • If you are trying to use TypeScript, see https://jestjs.io/docs/getting-started#using-typescript
 • To have some of your "node_modules" files transformed, you can specify a custom "transformIgnorePatterns" in your config.
 • If you need a custom transformation specify a "transform" option in your config.
 • If you simply want to mock your non-JS modules (e.g. binary assets) you can stub them out with the "moduleNameMapper" config option.

You'll find more details and examples of these config options in the docs:
https://jestjs.io/docs/configuration
For information about custom transformations, see:
https://jestjs.io/docs/code-transformation

Details:

/Users/test/Dev/next/node_modules/file-type/index.js:1
({"Object.<anonymous>":function(module,exports,require,__dirname,__filename,jest){import * as strtok3 from 'strtok3';
                                                                                  ^^^^^^

SyntaxError: Cannot use import statement outside a module

   5 | } from "@aws-sdk/client-s3";
   6 | import { v4 as uuidv4 } from "uuid";
>  7 | import { fileTypeFromBuffer } from "file-type";
     | ^
   8 | import { MulterFile } from "../../../types/MulterFile";
   9 | import { createImageInDB } from "../create-in-db";
  10 |

  at Runtime.createScriptFromCode (node_modules/jest-runtime/build/index.js:1449:14)
  at Object.<anonymous> (src/lib/services/image/upload/index.ts:7:1)
  at Object.<anonymous> (tests/api/image/index.test.ts:4:1)

Answer 1

根据 stackoverflow 上的另一篇文章： “Uncaught SyntaxError: Cannot use import statement outside a module” when importing ECMAScript 6

你可以加

  "type": "module",

到您的 package.json。

希望这可以帮助！