[英]Multiple NT service owned by the same program in Delphi
我正在寻找Delphi示例代码来开发Win32 Windows服务,该服务可以安装多次(使用不同的名称)。 这个想法是为每个要安装的服务提供1个exe和1个注册表项以及1个子项。 我使用exe来安装/运行许多服务,每个服务都从他的注册表子项中获取他的参数。
有人有示例代码吗?
我们通过创建TService后代并添加'InstanceName'属性来完成此操作。 这在命令行上以诸如... instance =“ MyInstanceName”之类的形式传递,并在SvcMgr.Application.Run之前进行检查和设置(如果存在)。
例如Project1.dpr:
program Project1;
uses
SvcMgr,
SysUtils,
Unit1 in 'Unit1.pas' {Service1: TService};
{$R *.RES}
const
INSTANCE_SWITCH = '-instance=';
function GetInstanceName: string;
var
index: integer;
begin
result := '';
for index := 1 to ParamCount do
begin
if SameText(INSTANCE_SWITCH, Copy(ParamStr(index), 1, Length(INSTANCE_SWITCH))) then
begin
result := Copy(ParamStr(index), Length(INSTANCE_SWITCH) + 1, MaxInt);
break;
end;
end;
if (result <> '') and (result[1] = '"') then
result := AnsiDequotedStr(result, '"');
end;
var
inst: string;
begin
Application.Initialize;
Application.CreateForm(TService1, Service1);
// Get the instance name
inst := GetInstanceName;
if (inst <> '') then
begin
Service1.InstanceName := inst;
end;
Application.Run;
end.
Unit1(TService后代)
unit Unit1;
interface
uses
Windows, SysUtils, Classes, SvcMgr, WinSvc;
type
TService1 = class(TService)
procedure ServiceAfterInstall(Sender: TService);
private
FInstanceName: string;
procedure SetInstanceName(const Value: string);
procedure ChangeServiceConfiguration;
public
function GetServiceController: TServiceController; override;
property InstanceName: string read FInstanceName write SetInstanceName;
end;
var
Service1: TService1;
implementation
{$R *.DFM}
procedure ServiceController(CtrlCode: DWord); stdcall;
begin
Service1.Controller(CtrlCode);
end;
procedure TService1.ChangeServiceConfiguration;
var
mngr: Cardinal;
svc: Cardinal;
newpath: string;
begin
// Open the service manager
mngr := OpenSCManager(nil, nil, SC_MANAGER_ALL_ACCESS);
if (mngr = 0) then
RaiseLastOSError;
try
// Open the service
svc := OpenService(mngr, PChar(Self.Name), SERVICE_CHANGE_CONFIG);
if (svc = 0) then
RaiseLastOSError;
try
// Change the service params
newpath := ParamStr(0) + ' ' + Format('-instance="%s"', [FInstanceName]); // + any other cmd line params you fancy
ChangeServiceConfig(svc, SERVICE_NO_CHANGE, // dwServiceType
SERVICE_NO_CHANGE, // dwStartType
SERVICE_NO_CHANGE, // dwErrorControl
PChar(newpath), // <-- The only one we need to set/change
nil, // lpLoadOrderGroup
nil, // lpdwTagId
nil, // lpDependencies
nil, // lpServiceStartName
nil, // lpPassword
nil); // lpDisplayName
finally
CloseServiceHandle(svc);
end;
finally
CloseServiceHandle(mngr);
end;
end;
function TService1.GetServiceController: TServiceController;
begin
Result := ServiceController;
end;
procedure TService1.ServiceAfterInstall(Sender: TService);
begin
if (FInstanceName <> '') then
begin
ChangeServiceConfiguration;
end;
end;
procedure TService1.SetInstanceName(const Value: string);
begin
if (FInstanceName <> Value) then
begin
FInstanceName := Value;
if (FInstanceName <> '') then
begin
Self.Name := 'Service1_' + FInstanceName;
Self.DisplayName := Format('Service1 (%s)', [FInstanceName]);
end;
end;
end;
end.
用法:
Project1.exe /安装
Project1.exe / install -instance =“ MyInstanceName”
Project1.exe / uninstall [-instance =“ MyInstanceName]
它实际上什么也没做-取决于您编写启动/停止服务器位等。
ChangeServiceConfiguration调用用于更新服务管理器启动时调用的真实命令行。 您可以只编辑注册表,但至少这是“正确的” API方式。
这允许同时运行任意数量的服务实例,它们将在服务管理器中显示为“ MyService”,“ MyService(Inst1)”,“ MyService(AnotherInstance)”等。
关于在Delphi中如何实现服务存在一个问题,即使用一个不同的名称多次安装一次服务并不容易(请参阅Quality Central报告#79781 )。 您可能需要绕过TService / TServiceApplication实现。 要使用不同的名称创建服务,您不能简单地使用/ INSTALL命令行参数,而是必须使用SCM API或其实现之一(即SC.EXE命令行实用程序)或安装工具。 要告诉服务读取哪个键,您可以在其命令行上将参数传递给服务(它们也具有),因此在创建服务时会设置参数。
上下文:通过将exename.exe / install作为MyService运行来安装服务。 服务已第二次安装为MyService2。
Delphi不允许将单个可执行文件中的服务以不同的名称安装两次。 参见idsandon提到的QC 79781。 使用不同的名称会使服务在“启动”阶段“挂起”(至少根据SCM)。 这是因为DispatchServiceMain检查TService实例名称和根据SCM(启动服务时传入的名称)的名称是否相等。 当它们不同时,DispatchServiceMain不执行TService.Main,这意味着不执行TService的启动代码。
为了避免这种情况(某种程度上),请在Application.Run调用之前调用FixServiceNames过程。
限制:备用名称必须以原始名称开头。 IE如果原始名称是MyService,则可以安装MyService1,MyServiceAlternate,MyServiceBoneyHead等。
FixServiceNames的作用是查找所有已安装的服务,检查ImagePath以查看该服务是否由此可执行文件实现,并将它们收集在列表中。 对已安装的ServiceName上的列表进行排序。 然后检查SvcMgr.Application.Components中的所有TService后代。 当安装以Component.Name(服务的原始名称)开头的ServiceName时,请用从SCM获得的名称替换它。
procedure FixServiceNames;
const
RKEY_SERVICES = 'SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services';
RKEY_IMAGE_PATH = 'ImagePath';
RKEY_START = 'Start';
var
ExePathName: string;
ServiceNames: TStringList;
Reg: TRegistry;
i: Integer;
ServiceKey: string;
ImagePath: string;
StartType: Integer;
Component: TComponent;
SLIndex: Integer;
begin
ExePathName := ParamStr(0);
ServiceNames := TStringList.Create;
try
Reg := TRegistry.Create(KEY_READ);
try
Reg.RootKey := HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE;
// Openen registry key with all the installed services.
if Reg.OpenKeyReadOnly(RKEY_SERVICES) then
begin
// Read them all installed services.
Reg.GetKeyNames(ServiceNames);
// Remove Services whose ImagePath does not match this executable.
for i := ServiceNames.Count - 1 downto 0 do
begin
ServiceKey := '\' + RKEY_SERVICES + '\' + ServiceNames[i];
if Reg.OpenKeyReadOnly(ServiceKey) then
begin
ImagePath := Reg.ReadString(RKEY_IMAGE_PATH);
if SamePath(ImagePath, ExePathName) then
begin
// Only read 'Start' after 'ImagePath', the other way round often fails, because all
// services are read here and not all of them have a "start" key or it has a different datatype.
StartType := Reg.ReadInteger(RKEY_START);
if StartType <> SERVICE_DISABLED then
Continue;
end;
ServiceNames.Delete(i);
end;
end;
end;
finally
FreeAndNil(Reg);
end;
// ServiceNames now only contains enabled services using this executable.
ServiceNames.Sort; // Registry may give them sorted, but now we are sure.
if ServiceNames.Count > 0 then
for i := 0 to SvcMgr.Application.ComponentCount - 1 do
begin
Component := SvcMgr.Application.Components[i];
if not ( Component is TService ) then
Continue;
// Find returns whether the string is found and reports through Index where it is (found) or
// where it should be (not found).
if ServiceNames.Find(Component.Name, SLIndex) then
// Component.Name found, nothing to do
else
// Component.Name not found, check whether ServiceName at SLIndex starts with Component.Name.
// If it does, replace Component.Name.
if SameText(Component.Name, Copy(ServiceNames[SLIndex], 1, Length(Component.Name))) then
begin
Component.Name := ServiceNames[SLIndex];
end
else
; // Service no longer in executable?
end;
finally
FreeAndNil(ServiceNames);
end;
end;
注意:如此漂亮的打印机在“ ServiceKey:='\\'+ RKEY_SERVICES +'\\'+ ServiceNames [i];”处感到困惑。 ,Delphi(2009)对此没有任何疑问。
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