验证asp.net mvc中的下拉列表

Question

//in controller
ViewBag.Categories = categoryRepository.GetAllCategories().ToList();

//in view
 @Html.DropDownList("Cat", new SelectList(ViewBag.Categories,"ID", "CategoryName"))

如何制作它以便默认情况下显示“-Select Category-”

并验证检查选择的内容（客户端和模型）

谢谢

Answer 1

我简直无法相信有人仍然在ASP.NET MVC 3中使用ViewData / ViewBag而不是强类型视图和视图模型：

public class MyViewModel
{
    [Required]
    public string CategoryId { get; set; }

    public IEnumerable<Category> Categories { get; set; }
}

并在您的控制器中：

public class HomeController: Controller
{
    public ActionResult Index()
    {
        var model = new MyViewModel
        {
            Categories = Repository.GetCategories()
        }
        return View(model);
    }

    [HttpPost]
    public ActionResult Index(MyViewModel model)
    {
        if (!ModelState.IsValid)
        {
            // there was a validation error =>
            // rebind categories and redisplay view
            model.Categories = Repository.GetCategories();
            return View(model);
        }
        // At this stage the model is OK => do something with the selected category
        return RedirectToAction("Success");
    }
}

然后在你的强类型视图中：

@Html.DropDownListFor(
    x => x.CategoryId, 
    new SelectList(Model.Categories, "ID", "CategoryName"), 
    "-- Please select a category --"
)
@Html.ValidationMessageFor(x => x.CategoryId)

此外，如果您想要客户端验证，请不要忘记引用必要的脚本：

<script src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/jquery.validate.js")" type="text/javascript"></script>
<script src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/jquery.validate.unobtrusive.js")" type="text/javascript"></script>

Answer 2

有一个带有3个参数的重载。 Html.DropdownList(name, selectList, optionLabel) 更新 ：下面的代码片段中有一个拼写错误。

@Html.DropDownList("Cat", new SelectList(ViewBag.Categories,"ID", "CategoryName"), "-Select Category-")

用于验证器使用

@Html.ValidationMessage("Cat")

Answer 3

对于MVC5中的ListBox / DropDown - 我发现这对我来说更适合：

在模型中：

[Required(ErrorMessage = "- Select item -")]
 public List<string> SelectedItem { get; set; }
 public List<SelectListItem> AvailableItemsList { get; set; }

在视图中：

@Html.ListBoxFor(model => model.SelectedItem, Model.AvailableItemsList)
@Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.SelectedItem, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })

Answer 4

MVC 4中的示例，用于使用Dataannotation和ViewBag提交下拉列表验证（更少的代码行）

楷模：

namespace Project.Models
{
    public class EmployeeReferral : Person
    {

        public int EmployeeReferralId { get; set; }


        //Company District
        //List                
        [Required(ErrorMessage = "Required.")]
        [Display(Name = "Employee District:")]
        public int? DistrictId { get; set; }

    public virtual District District { get; set; }       
}


namespace Project.Models
{
    public class District
    {
        public int? DistrictId { get; set; }

        [Display(Name = "Employee District:")]
        public string DistrictName { get; set; }
    }
}

EmployeeReferral控制器：

namespace Project.Controllers
{
    public class EmployeeReferralController : Controller
    {
        private ProjDbContext db = new ProjDbContext();

        //
        // GET: /EmployeeReferral/

        public ActionResult Index()
        {
            return View();
        }

 public ActionResult Create()
        {
            ViewBag.Districts = db.Districts;            
            return View();
        }

视图：

<td>
                    <div class="editor-label">
                        @Html.LabelFor(model => model.DistrictId, "District")
                    </div>
                </td>
                <td>
                    <div class="editor-field">
                        @*@Html.DropDownList("DistrictId", "----Select ---")*@
                        @Html.DropDownListFor(model => model.DistrictId, new SelectList(ViewBag.Districts, "DistrictId", "DistrictName"), "--- Select ---")
                        @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.DistrictId)                                                
                    </div>
                </td>

为什么我们不能使用ViewBag填充可以使用Annotations验证的下拉列表。 它的代码行数较少。