Spring，Tomcat 6和ANT Build Scripts：java.lang.ClassNotFoundException：org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener

Question

情况

我正在开发一个使用Spring框架的组web项目。 我们需要使用自定义ANT脚本来构建项目以用于持续集成。 目前，我正在尝试使用自定义ANT目标编译项目，但我一直遇到错误。

错误

摘要：

SEVERE: Error configuring application listener of class org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
    java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener

充分：

15-Feb-2011 9:47:36 PM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext listenerStart
SEVERE: Error configuring application listener of class org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
    at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1680)
    at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1526)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart(StandardContext.java:4148)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.start(StandardContext.java:4704)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:799)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:779)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:601)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployWAR(HostConfig.java:943)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployApps(HostConfig.java:563)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.check(HostConfig.java:1397)
    at sun.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor40.invoke(Unknown Source)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.modeler.BaseModelMBean.invoke(BaseModelMBean.java:297)
    at com.sun.jmx.interceptor.DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.invoke(DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.java:836)
    at com.sun.jmx.mbeanserver.JmxMBeanServer.invoke(JmxMBeanServer.java:761)
    at org.apache.catalina.manager.ManagerServlet.check(ManagerServlet.java:1500)
    at org.apache.catalina.manager.HTMLManagerServlet.doPost(HTMLManagerServlet.java:252)
    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:637)
    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:717)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:290)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
    at org.apache.catalina.filters.CsrfPreventionFilter.doFilter(CsrfPreventionFilter.java:186)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:233)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:191)
    at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:563)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:127)
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:102)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:109)
    at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:298)
    at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.process(Http11Processor.java:859)
    at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.process(Http11Protocol.java:588)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$Worker.run(JIoEndpoint.java:489)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:662)

构建脚本的相关部分

这是我们目前正在使用的构建脚本。 我们称之为“dist”目标。 已省略了无关的目标（test，doc，smoke-test，tomcat-start，tomcat-stop等）。

<!-- ******************************************************************* -->
<!-- * Project Home Directories                                        * -->
<!-- ******************************************************************* -->
<!-- * We should include most dependancy jars in the repository.       * -->
<!-- ******************************************************************* -->

<!-- Override this with "ant -Dconf.home=./conf.example deploy" -->
<property name="conf.home" value="${basedir}/conf/local" />

<!-- Load the build environment properties -->
<property file="${conf.home}/build.properties"/>

<!-- ******************************************************************* -->
<!-- * Classpath Parameters                                            * -->
<!-- ******************************************************************* -->
<!-- * The different classpaths that are used in the build process.    * -->
<!-- ******************************************************************* -->

<path id="log4j.classpath">
    <fileset dir="${log4j.home}" id="log4j.files" includes="log4j-1.2.8.jar"/>
</path>
<path id="dist.classpath">
    <pathelement location="${dist.home}"/>
</path>
<path id="bin.classpath">
    <pathelement location="${bin.home}"/>
</path>
<path id="json-simple.classpath">
    <fileset dir="${json-simple.home}" id="json-simple.files" includes="json_simple-1.1.jar"/>
</path>
<path id="cas.classpath">
    <fileset dir="${cas.home}">
        <include name="cas.jar"/>
        <include name="casclient.jar"/>
    </fileset>
</path>
<path id="jdbc.classpath">
    <fileset dir="${jdbc.home}" id="jdbc.files">
        <include name="mysql-connector*.jar"/>
    </fileset>
</path>
<path id="tomcat.classpath">
    <fileset dir="${tomcat.home}" id="tomcat.files">
        <include name="catalina-ant.jar"/>
        <include name="servlet-api.jar"/>
    </fileset>
</path>
<path id="ant-contrib.classpath">
    <fileset dir="${ant-contrib.home}" id="ant-contrib.files">
        <include name="ant-contrib-0.6.jar"/>
    </fileset>
</path>
<path id="sysUtil.classpath">
    <fileset dir="${sysUtil.home}" id="sysUtil.files">
        <include name="ca.usask.cs.sysUtil.jar"/>
    </fileset>
</path>
    <!-- TODO FIXME added by Dylan. Clean as necessary! -->
<path id="junit.classpath">
    <fileset dir="${junit.home}" id="junit.files">
        <include name="junit-4.8.2.jar"/>
    </fileset>
</path>
<path id="lib.classpath">
    <pathelement location="${lib.home}"/>
</path>
<path id="test.classpath">
    <pathelement location="${test.home}"/>
</path>
<path id="selenium.rc.classpath">
    <fileset dir="${selenium.rc.home}" id="selenium.rc.files">
        <include name="selenium-java-client-driver.jar"/>
    </fileset>
</path>
<path id="spring.classpath">
    <fileset dir="${spring.home}" id="spring.files">
        <include name="spring*.jar"/>
    </fileset>
</path>

<!-- ******************************************************************* -->
<!-- * Task Definitions                                                * -->
<!-- ******************************************************************* -->
<!-- * This area identifies the external ant tasks that we want to be  * -->
<!-- * able to use.  Of particular interest are the tomcat tasks,      * -->
<!-- * which can be used for automatic deployment, as well as the      * -->
<!-- * ant-contrib tasks which contain additional useful ant routines. * -->
<!-- ******************************************************************* -->

<taskdef name="tomcat-stop" classname="org.apache.catalina.ant.StopTask">
    <classpath refid="tomcat.classpath"/>
</taskdef>
<taskdef name="tomcat-start" classname="org.apache.catalina.ant.StartTask">
    <classpath refid="tomcat.classpath"/>
</taskdef>
<taskdef name="tomcat-deploy" classname="org.apache.catalina.ant.DeployTask">
    <classpath refid="tomcat.classpath"/>
</taskdef>
<taskdef name="tomcat-undeploy" classname="org.apache.catalina.ant.UndeployTask">
    <classpath refid="tomcat.classpath"/>
</taskdef>
<taskdef resource="net/sf/antcontrib/antcontrib.properties">
    <classpath refid="ant-contrib.classpath"/>
</taskdef>

<!-- ******************************************************************* -->
<!-- * Targets                                                         * -->
<!-- ******************************************************************* -->
<!-- * The meat of the ant build file, each target is an action that   * -->
<!-- * you want to be able to perform.                                 * -->
<!-- ******************************************************************* -->
<target name="clean"
    description="Removes the built classes." >
    <delete dir="${dist.home}" />
    <delete dir="${admin.home}" />
</target>

<target name="build"
    depends="clean"
            description="Builds class tree from sources." >
    <mkdir dir="${bin.home}"/>
    <javac source="1.6" debug="true" deprecation="true"
                    destdir="${bin.home}" fork="true" srcdir="${src.home}"
                                            includeantruntime="false">
        <classpath refid="tomcat.classpath"/>
        <classpath refid="cas.classpath"/>
        <classpath refid="log4j.classpath"/>
        <classpath refid="json-simple.classpath" />
        <classpath refid="sysUtil.classpath"/>
        <classpath refid="jdbc.classpath"/>
        <classpath refid="spring.classpath"/>
    </javac>
</target>

<target name="dist"
    depends="build"
    description="Creates war archive to deploy application" >
    <!-- Copy configuration files into classes dir (so they're in the classpath) -->
    <copy overwrite="yes" todir="${dist.home}/WEB-INF/classes">
        <fileset dir="${conf.home}" includes="application.properties" />
        <fileset dir="${conf.home}" includes="log4j.properties" />
    </copy>

<!-- Copy context.xml to META-INF -->
    <copy overwrite="yes" file="${conf.home}/context.xml" tofile="${dist.home}/META-INF/context.xml" />

<!-- Copy web.xml to WEB-INF -->
    <copy overwrite="yes" file="${conf.home}/web.xml" tofile="${dist.home}/WEB-INF/web.xml" />

<!-- Copy *some of the* libraries into lib dir -->
    <copy overwrite="yes" todir="${dist.home}/WEB-INF/lib">
        <fileset dir="${cas.home}" includes="**/*" />
        <fileset dir="${log4j.home}" includes="**/*" />
        <fileset dir="${json-simple.home}" includes="**/*" />
        <fileset dir="${sysUtil.home}" includes="**/*" />
        <fileset dir="${jdbc.home}" includes="**/*" />
        <fileset dir="${spring.home}" includes="**/*.jar" />
        <fileset dir="${lib.home}" includes="**/*.jar" />
    </copy>
    <!-- Copy web stuff into deploy root -->
    <copy overwrite="yes" todir="${dist.home}">
        <fileset dir="${basedir}/web" includes="**/*" />
    </copy>
    <jar destfile="${basedir}/${dist.name}.war" compress="true">
        <fileset dir="${dist.home}" />
    </jar>
</target>

更多信息

• 我们使用的是Spring 3.0.2
• 我们正在使用Tomcat 6.0
• 我们正在运行Mandriva 2010和Ubuntu 10
• 该项目在Netbeans中进行，是一个自由形式的webproject
• Tomcat正在使用“/bin/catalina.sh run”启动，以便我们可以轻松查看任何和所有输出，以便我们确信它正在运行，以便我们可以确保正确部署war文件。

编辑：/ WEB_INF / lib的内容存在以下文件：

• 公地DBCP-1.4.jar
• 共享记录-1.1.jar
• MySQL的连接器的Java-3.0.11稳定-bin.jar
• 的log4j-1.2.8.jar
• 公地DBCP-1.4-javadoc.jar
• 公地pool.jar
• 公地DBCP-1.4-sources.jar
• CGLIB-2.2.jar

存在以下文件夹，括号中的内容（因为我不知道如何做子列表，哈哈）

• ant-contrib-0.6 （ant-contrib-0.6.jar，antprof.jar）
• cas （casclient.jar，cas.jar）
• json-simple-1.1 （json_simple-1.1.jar）
• junit （junit-4.8.2.jar）
• log4j-1.2.8 （log4j-1.2.8.jar）
• selenium-rc （selenium-java-client-driver.jar，selenium-server.jar）
• spring （spring-aop-3.0.2.RELEASE.jar，spring-context-support-3.0.2.RELEASE.jar，spring-jdbc-3.0.2.RELEASE.jar，spring-test-3.0.2.RELEASE。 jar，spring-asm-3.0.2.RELEASE.jar，spring-core-3.0.2.RELEASE.jar，spring-jms-3.0.2.RELEASE.jar，spring-tx-3.0.2.RELEASE.jar， spring-aspects-3.0.2.RELEASE.jar，spring-expression-3.0.2.RELEASE.jar，spring-orm-3.0.2.RELEASE.jar，spring-web-3.0.2.RELEASE.jar，spring- beans-3.0.2.RELEASE.jar，spring-instrument-3.0.2.RELEASE.jar，spring-oxm-3.0.2.RELEASE.jar，spring-webmvc-3.0.2.RELEASE.jar，spring-context- 3.0.2.RELEASE.jar，spring-instrument-tomcat-3.0.2.RELEASE.jar，spring-struts-3.0.2.RELEASE.jar，spring-webmvc-portlet-3.0.2.RELEASE.jar）
• sysUtil （）
• tomcat-5 （catalina-ant.jar，servlet-api.jar）

那么，任何人都可以帮助我（我们）这个错误吗？ 几个小时我们一直在努力。

（TL; DR：Spring 3.0.5！Tomcat 6！通过ANT构建“java.lang.ClassNotFoundException：org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener”;怎么办？）

Answer 1

根据http://www.coderanch.com/t/510436/Tomcat/Sub-directory-web-inf-lib

按照惯例，webapp服务器可以从WEB-INF / lib目录中的jar加载类，而Tomcat使用自定义类加载器来实现这一点。 但是，正如Misha所说，它只在WEB-INF / lib目录中，而不在子目录中。

您不应该将jar文件放在WEB-INF/lib子文件夹中。

另外， catalina-ant.jar和servlet-api.jar由tomcat提供，不需要在war文件中添加它们，特别是当它们是旧版本时。

除非您在产品中运行测试，否则也不需要JUnit。