从字符串转换日期和/或时间时转换失败

Question

我有这个问题：

set IDENTITY_INSERT dbo.OtherData1 ON


INSERT INTO OtherData1 (OtherDataID, EmployeeID, OtherDate, OType, OSubject, StatementNo, StatementDate, Info, OtherAs, FolderSerial)

    SELECT OtherDataID, EmployeeID, 
                 CONVERT(DATE, OtherDate, 103), 
                     OType, OSubject, StatementNo, 
                     CONVERT(DATE, StatementDate), Info,
                     CASE OtherAs
           WHEN  'f' THEN 1
              WHEN  's' THEN 2
              WHEN 't' THEN 3
              WHEN 'f' THEN 4
              WHEN 'p' THEN 5
              WHEN 'o' THEN 6
           ELSE NULL END
           , FolderSerial
    FROM OtherData

我执行它时遇到此错误：

Msg 241, Level 16, State 1, Line 5
Conversion failed when converting date and/or time from character string.

在转换之前，StatementDate，OtherDate的值采用此格式"31/1/1994"作为字符串

问题是什么？

编辑 ：

如果我添加这行代码：

CASE WHEN ISDATE(OtherDate) = 1 THEN 
  CONVERT(DATE, OtherDate, 103)
ELSE NULL END

我试过它并且它不起作用，我需要一些类似的东西来检查vaild是否执行转换，如果没有插入NULL值，我得到相同的错误消息

Answer 1

ISDATE将无法工作，因为您甚至无法使用CONVERT指定日期格式。 以下是一个非常精细的测试，将有效日期重新格式化为YYYYMMDD，ISDATE可以预测。

with otherdata(StatementDate) as (
select convert(varchar(10),'1/10/2011') union all
select '28/2/2911' union all
select '8/12/2011' union all
select '13/13/2011' union all
select '13/12/2011' union all
select '12/13/2011' union all
select '2/29/2011' union all
select '29/2/2011' union all
select '29/2/2012' union all
select '2011-02-01' union all
select '1/1/11' union all
select '1/1/99' union all
select '' union all
select null)

-- THE QUERY YOU NEED is below this line. The above virtually sets up a table
-- without having to physically create it
select
    statementdate,
    YYYYMMDDToTest,
    ISDate(YYYYMMDDToTest)
from otherdata
cross apply
       (
       select TheYear = case
       when not statementdate like '%[0-9]/%[0-9]/%[0-9][0-9]' then null
       when convert(int,replace(statementdate,'/','')) != replace(statementdate,'/','') then null
       when statementdate like '%[0-9]/%[0-9]/[0-9][0-9]' then
           case when RIGHT(statementdate,2) >=50
           then '19'+RIGHT(statementdate,2)
           else '20'+RIGHT(statementdate,2)
           end
       when statementdate like '%[0-9]/%[0-9]/[1-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]' then
           RIGHT(statementdate,4)
       end
       ) A
cross apply
       (
       select YYYYMMDDToTest = case
       when TheYear is not null then
           TheYear
           + -- month
           right(100+SUBSTRING(statementdate, charindex('/',statementdate) +1,
           charindex('/',statementdate,charindex('/',statementdate)+1)-
           charindex('/',statementdate)-1),2)
           + -- day
           right(100+LEFT(statementdate, charindex('/', StatementDate) -1),2)
       end
       ) B
WHERE ISDate(YYYYMMDDToTest) = 0

注释掉最后一行WHERE ISDate(YYYYMMDDToTest) = 0 ，看看它对每个日期的作用。

---

编辑

您可以将其转换为替换ISDATE的函数 - 但是对于SPECIFIC格式[d] d / [m] m / yyyy。

create function dbo.superIs103Date(@any varchar(50))
returns bit as begin
declare @theyear varchar(10)
set @TheYear = case
       when not @any like '%[0-9]/%[0-9]/%[0-9][0-9]' then null
       when convert(int,replace(@any,'/','')) != replace(@any,'/','') then null
       when @any like '%[0-9]/%[0-9]/[0-9][0-9]' then
           case when RIGHT(@any,2) >=50
           then '19'+RIGHT(@any,2)
           else '20'+RIGHT(@any,2)
           end
       when @any like '%[0-9]/%[0-9]/[1-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]' then
           RIGHT(@any,4)
       end
declare @YYYYMMDDToTest varchar(50)
set @YYYYMMDDToTest = case
       when @TheYear is not null then
           @TheYear
           + -- month
           right(100+SUBSTRING(@any, charindex('/',@any) +1,
           charindex('/',@any,charindex('/',@any)+1)-
           charindex('/',@any)-1),2)
           + -- day
           right(100+LEFT(@any, charindex('/', @any) -1),2)
       end
return ISDate(@YYYYMMDDToTest)
end
GO

-- example usage
select dbo.superIs103Date('33/1/1700')
-- returns 0

Answer 2

尝试使用103进行第二次转换

Answer 3

这不会得到所有可能的无效日期（例如2月30日），但可能会帮助您找到需要修复的日期。

SELECT StatementDate 
 FROM OtherData
 WHERE StatementDate NOT LIKE '[0-3][0-9]/[0-1][0-9]/[1-2][0-9][0-9][0-9]'
  AND  StatementDate NOT LIKE '[1-9]/[0-1][0-9]/[1-2][0-9][0-9][0-9]'
  AND  StatementDate NOT LIKE '[0-3][0-9]/[1-9]/[1-2][0-9][0-9][0-9]'
  AND  StatementDate NOT LIKE '[1-9]/[1-9]/[1-2][0-9][0-9][0-9]'