C＃ - System.Windows.Forms.Clipboard.GetDataObject（）没有响应

Question

为什么System.Windows.Forms.Clipboard.GetDataObject()在从主线程调用System.Windows.Forms.Clipboard.Clear()之后从其他线程调用它并且在主线程停止之前返回？

我写了一个示例程序来解释我的问题：

public class ClipboardDemo
{
    [STAThread]
    public static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        Thread.CurrentThread.Name = "MAIN_THREAD";

        Thread clipboardViewerThread = new Thread(RunClipboardViewer);
        clipboardViewerThread.Name = "CLIPBOARD_VIEWER_THREAD";
        clipboardViewerThread.SetApartmentState(ApartmentState.STA);

        Thread clipboardClearerThread = new Thread(RunClipboardClearer);
        clipboardClearerThread.Name = "CLIPBOARD_CLEARER_THREAD";
        clipboardClearerThread.SetApartmentState(ApartmentState.STA);

        Console.WriteLine("Starting " + clipboardViewerThread.Name + ", expecting initial WM_DRAWCLIPBOARD message...");
        clipboardViewerThread.Start();
        Thread.Sleep(1000);

        Console.WriteLine("Clearing clipboard from " + clipboardClearerThread.Name + ", expecting WM_DRAWCLIPBOARD message...");
        clipboardClearerThread.Start();
        clipboardClearerThread.Join();

        Console.WriteLine("Clearing clipboard from " + Thread.CurrentThread.Name + ", expecting WM_DRAWCLIPBOARD message...");
        Clipboard.Clear();
        Thread.Sleep(1000);

        Application.Exit();
        Console.WriteLine("\t" + Thread.CurrentThread.Name + " stopped!");
    }

    private static void RunClipboardViewer()
    {
        ClipboardViewer viewer = new ClipboardViewer();
        viewer.ViewClipboard();
        viewer.Dispose();
    }

    private static void RunClipboardClearer()
    {
        Clipboard.Clear();
    }
}

internal class ClipboardViewer : NativeWindow, IDisposable
{
    private const int WM_CREATE = 0x0001;
    private const int WM_DRAWCLIPBOARD = 0x0308;
    private const int WM_CHANGECBCHAIN = 0x030D;

    private IntPtr nextViewer;

    public void ViewClipboard()
    {
        base.CreateHandle(new CreateParams());
        Application.Run();
    }

    public void Dispose()
    {
        Dispose(true);
        GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
    }

    protected override void WndProc(ref Message m)
    {
        base.WndProc(ref m);
        switch (m.Msg)
        {
            case WM_CREATE:
                nextViewer = User32Interop.SetClipboardViewer(base.Handle);
                break;
            case WM_DRAWCLIPBOARD:
                if (nextViewer != IntPtr.Zero)
                {
                    User32Interop.SendMessage(nextViewer, WM_DRAWCLIPBOARD, m.WParam, m.LParam);
                }
                Console.WriteLine("\tClipboard changed in " + Thread.CurrentThread.Name + ". Trying to receive data object...");
                Clipboard.GetDataObject();
                Console.WriteLine("\tData object received!");
                break;
            case WM_CHANGECBCHAIN:
                if (m.WParam == nextViewer)
                {
                    nextViewer = m.LParam;
                }
                else if (nextViewer != IntPtr.Zero)
                {
                    User32Interop.SendMessage(nextViewer, WM_CHANGECBCHAIN, m.WParam, m.LParam);
                }
                break;
        }
    }

    private void Dispose(bool disposing)
    {
        if (disposing)
        {
            User32Interop.ChangeClipboardChain(base.Handle, nextViewer);
        }
        base.DestroyHandle();
    }

    ~ClipboardViewer()
    {
        Dispose(false);
    }
}

internal static class User32Interop
{
    [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
    public static extern IntPtr SetClipboardViewer(IntPtr hWndNewViewer);

    [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
    public static extern IntPtr SendMessage(IntPtr hWnd, UInt32 Msg, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam);

    [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
    public static extern bool ChangeClipboardChain(IntPtr hWndRemove, IntPtr hWndNewNext);
}

格式化的输出是：

Starting CLIPBOARD_VIEWER_THREAD, expecting initial WM_DRAWCLIPBOARD message...
  Clipboard changed in CLIPBOARD_VIEWER_THREAD. Trying to receive data object...
  Data object received!

Clearing clipboard from CLIPBOARD_CLEARER_THREAD, expecting WM_DRAWCLIPBOARD message...
  Clipboard changed in CLIPBOARD_VIEWER_THREAD. Trying to receive data object...
  Data object received!

Clearing clipboard from MAIN_THREAD, expecting WM_DRAWCLIPBOARD message...
  Clipboard changed in CLIPBOARD_VIEWER_THREAD. Trying to receive data object...
  MAIN_THREAD stopped!
  Data object received!

正如您在最后三行中看到的那样， System.Windows.Forms.Clipboard.GetDataObject()在主线程停止时返回，但不是更早。 有这个问题的解决方案吗？

Answer 1

您正在做正确的事情，为工作线程选择STA并让它们泵出消息循环。 除了一个：你的主线程。 它只是意外泵送。 Thread.Join（）调用使CLR泵。 但Thread.Sleep（）不会泵。 您可以随意替换它并修复您的问题：

    var dummy = new AutoResetEvent(false);
    dummy.WaitOne(1000);

但这是一个黑客。 我意识到这只是一个测试应用程序，想想你的真实会是什么样子。