PHP变量和极慢的MySQL查询

Question

我有以下PHP代码，这些代码从表单获取数据，而MySQL查询则需要15分钟以上才能完成。 它需要更快。 我想知道我是否忽略了使用PHP变量和MySQL查询的最佳实践，和/或查询结构本身是否造成了不可接受的时间长度。

该查询的基本目的是计算选民PK作为选票FK出现的次数，如果该计数超过预定义的数字（则根据最终结果计算得出的百分比），从选民表中选择相应的记录。 PHP条件语句，以及查询部分，用于过滤掉2004年以后的所有内容）。

选民表有100万行，而投票表有700万行，两个CountyEMSID键都已建立索引，但是我不允许更改表结构，并且永远只能从中读取数据，而永远不会写入数据。 关于如何加快速度的任何建议将不胜感激！

另外，很抱歉这篇文章：P

/* ========== GET VALUES ========== */
if (isset($_GET["StreetName"])) { $searchStreetName = $_GET["StreetName"]; } else { $searchStreetName = "%"; }
if (isset($_GET["City"])) { $searchCity = $_GET["City"]; } else { $searchCity = "%"; }
if (isset($_GET["Zip"])) { $searchZip = $_GET["Zip"]; } else { $searchZip = "%"; }
if (isset($_GET["DOBY"])) { $searchDOBY = $_GET["DOBY"]; } else { $searchDOBY = "%"; }
if (isset($_GET["DOBM"])) { $searchDOBM = $_GET["DOBM"]; } else { $searchDOBM = "%"; }
if (isset($_GET["DOBD"])) { $searchDOBD = $_GET["DOBD"]; } else { $searchDOBD = "%"; }
if (isset($_GET["Gender"])) { $searchGender = $_GET["Gender"]; } else { $searchGender = "%"; }
if (isset($_GET["Party"])) { $searchParty = $_GET["Party"]; } else { $searchParty = "%"; }
if (isset($_GET["ED"])) { $searchED = $_GET["ED"]; } else { $searchED = "%"; }
if (isset($_GET["AD"])) { $searchAD = $_GET["AD"]; } else { $searchAD = "%"; }
if (isset($_GET["CD"])) { $searchCD = $_GET["CD"]; } else { $searchCD = "%"; }
if (isset($_GET["CO"])) { $searchCO = $_GET["CO"]; } else { $searchCO = "%"; }
if (isset($_GET["SD"])) { $searchSD = $_GET["SD"]; } else { $searchSD = "%"; }
if (isset($_GET["CC"])) { $searchCC = $_GET["CC"]; } else { $searchCC = "%"; }
if (isset($_GET["VoterActivity"])) { $searchVoterActivity = (($_GET["VoterActivity"] / 100) * 18); } else { $searchVoterActivity = "0"; }

/* ========== GET DATA ========== */
$sql = "SELECT voters.*, COUNT(votes.CountyEMSID) AS 'activity'
FROM voters INNER JOIN votes ON voters.CountyEMSID = votes.CountyEMSID
WHERE voters.StreetName LIKE '$searchStreetName%'
AND voters.City LIKE '$searchCity%'
AND voters.Zip LIKE '$searchZip%'
AND voters.DOBY LIKE '%$searchDOBY'
AND voters.DOBM LIKE '%$searchDOBM'
AND voters.DOBD LIKE '%$searchDOBD'
AND voters.Gender LIKE '$searchGender%'
AND voters.Party LIKE '$searchParty%'
AND voters.ED LIKE '%$searchED'
AND voters.AD LIKE '%$searchAD'
AND voters.CD LIKE '%$searchCD'
AND voters.CO LIKE '%$searchCO'
AND voters.SD LIKE '%$searchSD'
AND voters.CC LIKE '%$searchCC'
AND votes.ElectionDateY >= 2004
AND (
votes.ElectionType = 'GE'
OR votes.ElectionType = 'PR'
OR votes.ElectionType = 'PP'
)
GROUP BY votes.CountyEMSID
HAVING COUNT(votes.CountyEMSID) >= '$searchVoterActivity'
ORDER BY voters.LastName, voters.FirstName, voters.DOBY, voters.DOBM, voters.DOBD ASC
LIMIT $start, $limit";

/* ========== CREATE TABLE ========== */
CREATE TABLE voters (
    CountyEMSID varchar(9) NOT NULL,
    LastName varchar(30) NOT NULL,
    FirstName varchar(30) NOT NULL,
    MiddleInitial varchar(1) NOT NULL,
    NameSuffix varchar(4) NOT NULL,
    HouseNumber varchar(10) NOT NULL,
    HouseNumberSuffix varchar(10) NOT NULL,
    ApartmentNumber varchar(15) NOT NULL,
    StreetName varchar(50) NOT NULL,
    City varchar(40) NOT NULL,
    Zip varchar(5) NOT NULL,
    ZipCode4 varchar(4) NOT NULL,
    MailingAddress1 varchar(50) NOT NULL,
    MailingAddress2 varchar(50) NOT NULL,
    MailingAddress3 varchar(50) NOT NULL,
    MailingAddress4 varchar(50) NOT NULL,
    DOBY varchar(4) NOT NULL,
    DOBM varchar(2) NOT NULL,
    DOBD varchar(2) NOT NULL,
    Gender varchar(1) NOT NULL,
    Party varchar(3) NOT NULL,
    Other varchar(30) NOT NULL,
    ED varchar(3) NOT NULL,
    AD varchar(2) NOT NULL,
    CD varchar(2) NOT NULL,
    CO varchar(2) NOT NULL,
    SD varchar(2) NOT NULL,
    CC varchar(2) NOT NULL,
    RegY varchar(4) NOT NULL,
    RegM varchar(2) NOT NULL,
    RegD varchar(2) NOT NULL,
    Status varchar(2) NOT NULL,
    VoterType varchar(1) NOT NULL,
    StatusChangeY varchar(4) NOT NULL,
    StatusChangeM varchar(2) NOT NULL,
    StatusChangeD varchar(2) NOT NULL,
    LastVoted varchar(4) NOT NULL,
    Telephone varchar(12) NOT NULL,
    KEY CountyEMSID (CountyEMSID)
)

/* ========== CREATE TABLE ========== */
CREATE TABLE votes (
    CountyEMSID varchar(9) NOT NULL,
    County varchar(2) NOT NULL,
    AD varchar(2) NOT NULL,
    ED varchar(3) NOT NULL,
    Party varchar(3) NOT NULL,
    ElectionDateY varchar(4) NOT NULL,
    ElectionDateM varchar(2) NOT NULL,
    ElectionDateD varchar(2) NOT NULL,
    ElectionType varchar(2) NOT NULL,
    VoterType varchar(1) NOT NULL,
    KEY CountyEMSID (CountyEMSID)
)

Answer 1

看起来很简单：您需要使用索引。 我看不到您的架构转储中。