![](/img/trans.png)
[英]How to Unit Test a custom JsonConverter in ASP.NET Web API?
[英]How can you unit test ASP.NET Web API routing?
我正在尝试编写一些单元测试,以确保将对Web API的请求路由到具有预期参数的预期API控制器操作。
我尝试使用HttpServer
类创建测试,但是从服务器获得500个响应,并且没有任何信息可以调试问题。
有没有一种方法可以为ASP.NET Web API网站的路由创建单元测试?
理想情况下,我想使用HttpClient
创建一个请求,并让服务器处理该请求,并将其通过预期的路由过程。
我写了一篇有关测试路线并做您所想做的事情的博客文章:
http://www.strathweb.com/2012/08/testing-routes-in-asp-net-web-api/
希望能帮助到你。
另一个优点是,我使用反射来提供操作方法-因此,您不必以强类型方式添加它们,而不是使用带有字符串的路由。 使用这种方法,如果您的操作名称发生更改,则测试不会编译,因此您可以轻松发现错误。
测试ASP.NET Web API应用程序路由的最佳方法是对端点进行集成测试。
这是您的ASP.NET Web API应用程序的简单集成测试示例。 这主要不是测试您的路线,而是无形地测试它们。 另外,我在这里使用XUnit,Autofac和Moq。
[Fact, NullCurrentPrincipal]
public async Task
Returns_200_And_Role_With_Key() {
// Arrange
Guid key1 = Guid.NewGuid(),
key2 = Guid.NewGuid(),
key3 = Guid.NewGuid(),
key4 = Guid.NewGuid();
var mockMemSrv = ServicesMockHelper
.GetInitialMembershipService();
mockMemSrv.Setup(ms => ms.GetRole(
It.Is<Guid>(k =>
k == key1 || k == key2 ||
k == key3 || k == key4
)
)
).Returns<Guid>(key => new Role {
Key = key, Name = "FooBar"
});
var config = IntegrationTestHelper
.GetInitialIntegrationTestConfig(GetInitialServices(mockMemSrv.Object));
using (var httpServer = new HttpServer(config))
using (var client = httpServer.ToHttpClient()) {
var request = HttpRequestMessageHelper
.ConstructRequest(
httpMethod: HttpMethod.Get,
uri: string.Format(
"https://localhost/{0}/{1}",
"api/roles",
key2.ToString()),
mediaType: "application/json",
username: Constants.ValidAdminUserName,
password: Constants.ValidAdminPassword);
// Act
var response = await client.SendAsync(request);
var role = await response.Content.ReadAsAsync<RoleDto>();
// Assert
Assert.Equal(key2, role.Key);
Assert.Equal("FooBar", role.Name);
}
}
我为此测试使用了一些外部帮助程序。 其中之一是NullCurrentPrincipalAttribute
。 由于测试将在Windows身份下运行,因此将使用该身份设置Thread.CurrentPrincipal
。 因此,如果您在应用程序中使用某种授权,则最好首先消除此授权:
public class NullCurrentPrincipalAttribute : BeforeAfterTestAttribute {
public override void Before(MethodInfo methodUnderTest) {
Thread.CurrentPrincipal = null;
}
}
然后,创建一个模拟MembershipService
。 这是特定于应用程序的设置。 因此,将针对您自己的实现进行更改。
GetInitialServices
为我创建了Autofac容器。
private static IContainer GetInitialServices(
IMembershipService memSrv) {
var builder = IntegrationTestHelper
.GetEmptyContainerBuilder();
builder.Register(c => memSrv)
.As<IMembershipService>()
.InstancePerApiRequest();
return builder.Build();
}
GetInitialIntegrationTestConfig
方法只是初始化我的配置。
internal static class IntegrationTestHelper {
internal static HttpConfiguration GetInitialIntegrationTestConfig() {
var config = new HttpConfiguration();
RouteConfig.RegisterRoutes(config.Routes);
WebAPIConfig.Configure(config);
return config;
}
internal static HttpConfiguration GetInitialIntegrationTestConfig(IContainer container) {
var config = GetInitialIntegrationTestConfig();
AutofacWebAPI.Initialize(config, container);
return config;
}
}
RouteConfig.RegisterRoutes
方法基本上注册了我的路由。 我还有一个扩展方法,可以在HttpServer
上创建HttpClient
。
internal static class HttpServerExtensions {
internal static HttpClient ToHttpClient(
this HttpServer httpServer) {
return new HttpClient(httpServer);
}
}
最后,我有一个名为HttpRequestMessageHelper
的静态类,该类具有一堆用于构造新HttpRequestMessage
实例的静态方法。
internal static class HttpRequestMessageHelper {
internal static HttpRequestMessage ConstructRequest(
HttpMethod httpMethod, string uri) {
return new HttpRequestMessage(httpMethod, uri);
}
internal static HttpRequestMessage ConstructRequest(
HttpMethod httpMethod, string uri, string mediaType) {
return ConstructRequest(
httpMethod,
uri,
new MediaTypeWithQualityHeaderValue(mediaType));
}
internal static HttpRequestMessage ConstructRequest(
HttpMethod httpMethod, string uri,
IEnumerable<string> mediaTypes) {
return ConstructRequest(
httpMethod,
uri,
mediaTypes.ToMediaTypeWithQualityHeaderValues());
}
internal static HttpRequestMessage ConstructRequest(
HttpMethod httpMethod, string uri, string mediaType,
string username, string password) {
return ConstructRequest(
httpMethod, uri, new[] { mediaType }, username, password);
}
internal static HttpRequestMessage ConstructRequest(
HttpMethod httpMethod, string uri,
IEnumerable<string> mediaTypes,
string username, string password) {
var request = ConstructRequest(httpMethod, uri, mediaTypes);
request.Headers.Authorization = new AuthenticationHeaderValue(
"Basic",
EncodeToBase64(
string.Format("{0}:{1}", username, password)));
return request;
}
// Private helpers
private static HttpRequestMessage ConstructRequest(
HttpMethod httpMethod, string uri,
MediaTypeWithQualityHeaderValue mediaType) {
return ConstructRequest(
httpMethod,
uri,
new[] { mediaType });
}
private static HttpRequestMessage ConstructRequest(
HttpMethod httpMethod, string uri,
IEnumerable<MediaTypeWithQualityHeaderValue> mediaTypes) {
var request = ConstructRequest(httpMethod, uri);
request.Headers.Accept.AddTo(mediaTypes);
return request;
}
private static string EncodeToBase64(string value) {
byte[] toEncodeAsBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(value);
return Convert.ToBase64String(toEncodeAsBytes);
}
}
我在我的应用程序中使用基本身份验证。 因此,此类具有一些使用Authentication标头构造HttpRequestMessege
方法。
最后,我做我的行为和断言来验证我需要的东西。 这可能是一个大材小用的示例,但我认为这将为您提供一个好主意。
这是有关HttpServer集成测试的精彩博客文章。 另外,这是有关在ASP.NET Web API中测试路由的另一篇好文章。
嗨,当您要测试路由时,主要目标是通过此测试测试GetRouteData(),以确保路由系统正确识别您的请求并选择了正确的路由。
[Theory]
[InlineData("http://localhost:5240/foo/route", "GET", false, null, null)]
[InlineData("http://localhost:5240/api/Cars/", "GET", true, "Cars", null)]
[InlineData("http://localhost:5240/api/Cars/123", "GET", true, "Cars", "123")]
public void DefaultRoute_Returns_Correct_RouteData(
string url, string method, bool shouldfound, string controller, string id)
{
//Arrange
var config = new HttpConfiguration();
WebApiConfig.Register(config);
var actionSelector = config.Services.GetActionSelector();
var controllerSelector = config.Services.GetHttpControllerSelector();
var request = new HttpRequestMessage(new HttpMethod(method), url);
config.EnsureInitialized();
//Act
var routeData = config.Routes.GetRouteData(request);
//Assert
// assert
Assert.Equal(shouldfound, routeData != null);
if (shouldfound)
{
Assert.Equal(controller, routeData.Values["controller"]);
Assert.Equal(id == null ? (object)RouteParameter.Optional : (object)id, routeData.
Values["id"]);
}
}
这很重要,但还不够,即使不检查是否选择了正确的路由并提取了正确的路由数据也不能确保选择了正确的控制器和操作,如果不重写默认的IHttpActionSelector和IHttpControllerSelector服务,这是一种方便的方法。与你自己的。
[Theory]
[InlineData("http://localhost:12345/api/Cars/123", "GET", typeof(CarsController), "GetCars")]
[InlineData("http://localhost:12345/api/Cars", "GET", typeof(CarsController), "GetCars")]
public void Ensure_Correct_Controller_and_Action_Selected(string url,string method,
Type controllerType,string actionName) {
//Arrange
var config = new HttpConfiguration();
WebApiConfig.Register(config);
var controllerSelector = config.Services.GetHttpControllerSelector();
var actionSelector = config.Services.GetActionSelector();
var request = new HttpRequestMessage(new HttpMethod(method),url);
config.EnsureInitialized();
var routeData = config.Routes.GetRouteData(request);
request.Properties[HttpPropertyKeys.HttpRouteDataKey] = routeData;
request.Properties[HttpPropertyKeys.HttpConfigurationKey] = config;
//Act
var ctrlDescriptor = controllerSelector.SelectController(request);
var ctrlContext = new HttpControllerContext(config, routeData, request)
{
ControllerDescriptor = ctrlDescriptor
};
var actionDescriptor = actionSelector.SelectAction(ctrlContext);
//Assert
Assert.NotNull(ctrlDescriptor);
Assert.Equal(controllerType, ctrlDescriptor.ControllerType);
Assert.Equal(actionName, actionDescriptor.ActionName);
}
}
声明:本站的技术帖子网页,遵循CC BY-SA 4.0协议,如果您需要转载,请注明本站网址或者原文地址。任何问题请咨询:yoyou2525@163.com.