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以編程方式將列名稱傳遞給data.table

[英]passing column names to data.table programmatically

我希望能夠編寫一個函數,通過組在data.table中運行回歸,然后很好地組織結果。 以下是我想要做的一個示例:

require(data.table)
dtb = data.table(y=1:10, x=10:1, z=sample(1:10), weights=1:10, thedate=1:2)
models = c("y ~ x", "y ~ z")

res = lapply(models, function(f) {dtb[,as.list(coef(lm(f, weights=weights, data=.SD))),by=thedate]})

#do more stuff with res

我想將所有這些包裝成一個函數,因為#doe more stuff可能很長。 我面臨的問題是如何將各種名稱傳遞給data.table 例如,如何傳遞列名稱weights 我怎么通過thedate 我想象一個看起來像這樣的原型:

myfun = function(dtb, models, weights, dates)

讓我說清楚:將公式傳遞給我的函數不是問題。 如果weights我想用和列名描述日期, thedate被稱為然后我的功能可以簡單地是這樣的:

 myfun = function(dtb, models) {
res = lapply(models, function(f) {dtb[,as.list(coef(lm(f, weights=weights, data=.SD))),by=thedate]})

 #do more stuff with res
 }

但是,對應於thedateweights的列名稱是事先未知的。 我想將它們傳遞給我的函數:

#this will not work
myfun = function(dtb, models, w, d) {
res = lapply(models, function(f) {dtb[,as.list(coef(lm(f, weights=w, data=.SD))),by=d]})

 #do more stuff with res
 }

謝謝

這是一個依賴於長格式數據的解決方案(這對我來說更有意義,在這個cas中

library(reshape2)
dtlong <- data.table(melt(dtb, measure.var = c('x','z')))


foo <- function(f, d, by, w ){
  # get the name of the w argument (weights)
  w.char <- deparse(substitute(w))
  # convert `list(a,b)` to `c('a','b')`
  # obviously, this would have to change depending on how `by` was defined
  by <- unlist(lapply(as.list(as.list(match.call())[['by']])[-1], as.character))
  # create the call substituting the names as required
  .c <- substitute(as.list(coef(lm(f, data = .SD, weights = w), list(w = as.name(w.char)))))
  # actually perform the calculations
  d[,eval(.c), by = by]
}

foo(f= y~value, d= dtlong, by = list(variable, thedate), w = weights)

   variable thedate (Intercept)       value
1:        x       1   11.000000 -1.00000000
2:        x       2   11.000000 -1.00000000
3:        z       1    1.009595  0.89019190
4:        z       2    7.538462 -0.03846154

一種可能的方案:

fun = function(dtb, models, w_col_name, date_name) {
     res = lapply(models, function(f) {dtb[,as.list(coef(lm(f, weights=eval(parse(text=w_col_name)), data=.SD))),by=eval(parse(text=paste0("list(",date_name,")")))]})

}

你不能只添加(在匿名函數調用內):

 f <- as.formula(f) 

...作為dtb[,as.list(coef(lm(f, ...)之前的單獨一行dtb[,as.list(coef(lm(f, ...) ?這是將字符元素轉換為公式對象的常用方法。

> res = lapply(models, function(f) {f <- as.formula(f)
                 dtb[,as.list(coef(lm(f, weights=weights, data=.SD))),by=thedate]})
> 
> str(res)
List of 2
 $ :Classes ‘data.table’ and 'data.frame':  2 obs. of  3 variables:
  ..$ thedate    : int [1:2] 1 2
  ..$ (Intercept): num [1:2] 11 11
  ..$ x          : num [1:2] -1 -1
  ..- attr(*, ".internal.selfref")=<externalptr> 
 $ :Classes ‘data.table’ and 'data.frame':  2 obs. of  3 variables:
  ..$ thedate    : int [1:2] 1 2
  ..$ (Intercept): num [1:2] 6.27 11.7
  ..$ z          : num [1:2] 0.0633 -0.7995
  ..- attr(*, ".internal.selfref")=<externalptr> 

如果需要從組件名稱構建公式的字符版本,只需使用pastepaste0並傳遞給模型字符向量。 通過接收可測試示例提供的經過測試的代碼。

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