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即使它在依賴項中，Maven 也找不到 org.junit

[英]Maven doesn't find org.junit even though it's in the dependencies

 原文  2013-02-22 17:12:08  0   3    java/ maven/ junit4

問題描述

我想在我的小項目中添加一個測試（請注意，我從代碼中刪除了一些位並更改了包名，所以如果您看到任何關於此的錯誤，它可能不是這個 ;)）：

package my.pckg;


import static org.junit.Assert.*;

import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;


public class SignedRequestCallbackTest {


    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
    }

    @After
    public void tearDown() throws Exception {
    }

    @Test
    public void testCorrectSignedRequest() {
        assertTrue(false);
    }

}

（我也嘗試從 TestCase 擴展以刪除靜態導入，但它沒有幫助）

運行mvn test它向我顯示一個錯誤，它找不到 org.junit：

[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]                                                                         
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building Test Server 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.4.3:resources (default-resources) @ server ---
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (MacRoman actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] Copying 0 resource
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:2.3.2:compile (default-compile) @ server ---
[WARNING] File encoding has not been set, using platform encoding MacRoman, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] Compiling 9 source files to /Users/michael/Projects/fbmuc/server/target/classes
[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------------
[ERROR] COMPILATION ERROR : 
[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------------
[ERROR] ~/code/src/test/java/my/pckg/SignedRequestCallbackTest.java:[4,27] package org.junit does not exist
[ERROR] ~/code/src/test/java/my/pckg/SignedRequestCallbackTest.java:[6,16] package org.junit does not exist
[ERROR] ~/code/src/test/java/my/pckg/SignedRequestCallbackTest.java:[7,16] package org.junit does not exist
[ERROR] ~/code/src/test/java/my/pckg/SignedRequestCallbackTest.java:[8,16] package org.junit does not exist
[ERROR] ~/code/src/test/java/my/pckg/SignedRequestCallbackTest.java:[14,9] cannot find symbol
symbol  : class Before
location: class my.pckgSignedRequestCallbackTest
[ERROR] ~/code/src/test/java/my/pckg/SignedRequestCallbackTest.java:[18,9] cannot find symbol
symbol  : class After
location: class my.pckgSignedRequestCallbackTest
[ERROR] ~/code/src/test/java/my/pckg/SignedRequestCallbackTest.java:[22,9] cannot find symbol
symbol  : class Test
location: class my.pckgSignedRequestCallbackTest
[ERROR] ~/code/src/test/java/my/pckg/SignedRequestCallbackTest.java:[24,12] cannot find symbol
symbol  : method assertTrue(boolean)
location: class my.pckgSignedRequestCallbackTest
[INFO] 9 errors 
[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD FAILURE
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 2.161s
[INFO] Finished at: Fri Feb 22 18:02:37 CET 2013
[INFO] Final Memory: 8M/81M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-compiler-plugin:2.3.2:compile (default-compile) on project server: Compilation failure: Compilation failure:
[ERROR] ~/code/src/test/java/my/pckg/SignedRequestCallbackTest.java:[4,27] package org.junit does not exist
[ERROR] ~/code/src/test/java/my/pckg/SignedRequestCallbackTest.java:[4,4] static import only from classes and interfaces
[ERROR] ~/code/src/test/java/my/pckg/SignedRequestCallbackTest.java:[6,16] package org.junit does not exist
[ERROR] ~/code/src/test/java/my/pckg/SignedRequestCallbackTest.java:[7,16] package org.junit does not exist
[ERROR] ~/code/src/test/java/my/pckg/SignedRequestCallbackTest.java:[8,16] package org.junit does not exist
[ERROR] ~/code/src/test/java/my/pckg/SignedRequestCallbackTest.java:[14,9] cannot find symbol
[ERROR] symbol  : class Before
[ERROR] location: class my.pckgSignedRequestCallbackTest
[ERROR] ~/code/src/test/java/my/pckg/SignedRequestCallbackTest.java:[18,9] cannot find symbol
[ERROR] symbol  : class After
[ERROR] location: class my.pckgSignedRequestCallbackTest
[ERROR] ~/code/src/test/java/my/pckg/SignedRequestCallbackTest.java:[22,9] cannot find symbol
[ERROR] symbol  : class Test
[ERROR] location: class my.pckgSignedRequestCallbackTest
[ERROR] ~/code/src/test/java/my/pckg/SignedRequestCallbackTest.java:[24,12] cannot find symbol
[ERROR] symbol  : method assertTrue(boolean)
[ERROR] location: class my.pckgSignedRequestCallbackTest
[ERROR] -> [Help 1]
[ERROR] 
[ERROR] To see the full stack trace of the errors, re-run Maven with the -e switch.
[ERROR] Re-run Maven using the -X switch to enable full debug logging.
[ERROR] 
[ERROR] For more information about the errors and possible solutions, please read the following articles:
[ERROR] [Help 1] http://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/MAVEN/MojoFailureException

我的 pom.xml 看起來像這樣：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>server</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>TestServer</name>
    <description>Test</description>
    <build>
        <sourceDirectory>src</sourceDirectory>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.3.2</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.6</source>
                    <target>1.6</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <descriptorRefs>
                        <descriptorRef>jar-with-dependencies</descriptorRef>
                    </descriptorRefs>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
    <dependencies>
        <!-- Facebook library -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.restfb</groupId>
            <artifactId>restfb</artifactId>
            <version>1.6.11</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Gson: Java to Json conversion -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.google.code.gson</groupId>
            <artifactId>gson</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.2</version>
            <scope>compile</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Tigase server snapshot -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>tigase</groupId>
            <artifactId>tigase-server</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
            <version>1.7</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.11</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <repositories>
        <repository>
            <id>tigase</id>
            <name>Tigase repository</name>
            <url>http://maven.tigase.org</url>
        </repository>
        <repository>
            <id>tigase-snapshot</id>
            <name>Tigase repository</name>
            <url>http://build.xmpp-test.net/maven/</url>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>true</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </repository>
    </repositories>
</project>

mvn 依賴項：樹：

[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]                                                                         
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building Test Server 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-dependency-plugin:2.1:tree (default-cli) @ server ---
[INFO] my.pckg:server:jar:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] +- com.restfb:restfb:jar:1.6.11:compile
[INFO] +- com.google.code.gson:gson:jar:2.2.2:compile
[INFO] +- tigase:tigase-server:jar:5.2.0-SNAPSHOT:compile
[INFO] |  +- tigase:tigase-utils:jar:3.4.1-SNAPSHOT:compile
[INFO] |  \- tigase:tigase-xmltools:jar:3.4.3-SNAPSHOT:compile
[INFO] +- commons-codec:commons-codec:jar:1.7:compile
[INFO] \- junit:junit:jar:4.11:test
[INFO]    \- org.hamcrest:hamcrest-core:jar:1.3:test
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 2.240s
[INFO] Finished at: Fri Feb 22 18:07:55 CET 2013
[INFO] Final Memory: 5M/81M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

mvn 版本：

Apache Maven 3.0.3 (r1075438; 2011-02-28 18:31:09+0100)
Maven home: /usr/share/maven
Java version: 1.6.0_41, vendor: Apple Inc.
Java home: /System/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/1.6.0.jdk/Contents/Home
Default locale: de_CH, platform encoding: MacRoman
OS name: "mac os x", version: "10.8.2", arch: "x86_64", family: "mac"

請注意，我既不是 Java 專家，也不是 maven 專家，只是剛開始（尤其是 maven）。 從我從其他文章和問題中看到的情況來看，我應該在src/test/java進行我的src/test/java而在src/main/java我的“真實”代碼 - 我已經這樣做了。

我也刪除了整個 ~/.m2/ 文件夾，但它仍然無法正常工作。

我也確實運行了mvn test -X但它沒有幫助我。 如果我應該發布它，請告訴我。

3 個解決方案

解決方案1
 44 已采納  2013-02-22 17:29:06

除非有充分的理由，否則不應覆蓋 POM 的<build>元素中的<sourceDirectory>設置。 這個屬性決定了 Maven 在哪里尋找非測試代碼。 此屬性的默認值為src/main/java 。 <testSourceDirectory>屬性設置測試代碼的路徑（默認為src/test/java 。通過將<sourceDirectory>設置為簡單的src ，Maven 認為整個目錄包含主應用程序代碼。由於src目錄包含src/test/java ，然后 Maven 嘗試將您的測試代碼編譯為主應用程序的一部分。

這很重要，因為在編譯主應用程序時（在compile階段），Maven 會忽略test范圍的依賴項。 測試代碼在主編譯之后的單獨階段（ test-compile階段）中進行編譯。

因此，由於 Maven 嘗試將您的測試代碼編譯為主應用程序的一部分，因此它省略了junit依賴項，並且它們在類路徑中不可用。 這里的解決方案是簡單地不在 POM 中指定<sourceDirectory>元素。

解決方案2
 3  2015-10-23 06:27:59

默認情況下，maven 分別查看 java 和 test 類的這些文件夾 - src/main/java 和 src/test/java

當 src 與 source 下的測試類一起指定並且 pom.xml 中 junit 依賴的范圍被提及為 test - org.unit 將不會被 maven 找到。

解決方案3
 0  2020-01-24 10:23:20

只需將圖像放在@matts Answer 上，其他人就可以輕松糾正問題。

<sourceDirectory>src</sourceDirectory>

只需刪除或注釋pom.xml 中的這一行

<!--  <sourceDirectory>src</sourceDirectory> !-->

在此處輸入圖片說明

如需解釋，請查看@matt 的回答

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