使用nokogiri解析帶有嵌套循環的html樹

Question

嗨，我是nokogiri的新手，正在嘗試解析具有不同樹結構的HTML文檔。 關於如何進行解析的任何建議都很好。 我想捕獲此頁面上的所有文本。

<div class = "main"> Title</div>
<div class = "subTopic">
    <span = "highlight">Sub Topic</span>Stuff
</div>

<div class = "main"> Another Title</div>
<div class = "subTopic">
    <span class = "highlight">Sub Topic Title I</span>Stuff<br>
    <span class = "highlight">Sub Topic Title II</span>Stuff<br>
    <span class = "highlight">Sub Topic Title III</span>Stuff<br>
</div>  

我試過了，但是它只是把每個完整的數組都取出來了，我什至不知道如何進入“ Stuff”部分。

content = Nokogiri::HTML(open(@url))
content.css('div.main').each do |m|
    puts m .text
    content.css('div.subTopic').each do |s|
        puts s.text
        content.css('span.highlight').each do |h|
            puts h.text
        end
    end
end         

幫助將不勝感激。

Answer 1

這樣的事情將解析您的給定文檔結構：

數據

<div class="main"> Title</div>
<div class="subTopic">
    <span class="highlight">Sub Topic</span>Stuff
</div>

<div class = "main"> Another Title</div>
<div class = "subTopic">
    <span class = "highlight">Sub Topic Title I</span>Stuff<br>
    <span class = "highlight">Sub Topic Title II</span>Stuff<br>
    <span class = "highlight">Sub Topic Title III</span>Stuff<br>
</div>

碼：

require 'nokogiri'
require 'pp'

content = Nokogiri::HTML(File.read('text.txt'));

topics = content.css('div.main').map do |m|
    topic={}
    topic['title'] = m.text.strip
    topic['highlights'] = m.xpath('following-sibling::div[@class=\'subTopic\'][1]').css('span.highlight').map do |h|
      topic_highlight = {}
      topic_highlight['highlight'] = h.text.strip
      topic_highlight['text'] = h.xpath('following-sibling::text()[1]').text.strip
      topic_highlight
    end
    topic
end

pp topics

將打印：

[{"title"=>"Title",
  "highlights"=>[{"highlight"=>"Sub Topic", "text"=>"Stuff"}]},
 {"title"=>"Another Title",
  "highlights"=>
   [{"highlight"=>"Sub Topic Title I", "text"=>"Stuff"},
    {"highlight"=>"Sub Topic Title II", "text"=>"Stuff"},
    {"highlight"=>"Sub Topic Title III", "text"=>"Stuff"}]}]