通過 Java 運行 cmd 命令

Question

我發現了幾個通過 Java 類運行 cmd 命令的代碼片段，但我無法理解。

這是打開cmd的代碼

public void excCommand(String new_dir){
    Runtime rt = Runtime.getRuntime();
    try {
        rt.exec(new String[]{"cmd.exe","/c","start"});

    } catch (IOException e) {
        // TODO Auto-generated catch block
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}

我找到了一些其他鏈接來添加其他命令，例如 cd http://www.coderanch.com/t/109753/Linux-UNIX/exec-command-cd-command-java

如何使用 Java 打開命令提示符並插入命令？

任何人都可以幫助我了解如何 cd 一個目錄，例如：

 cd C:\Program Files\Flowella

然后在該目錄上運行其他命令？

Answer 1

將進程從不同目錄運行到 Java 程序的工作目錄的一種方法是更改​​目錄，然后在同一命令行中運行該進程。 您可以通過讓cmd.exe運行命令行（例如cd some_directory && some_program ）來做到這一點。

以下示例更改為不同的目錄並從那里運行dir 。 誠然，我可以直接dir那個目錄而不需要cd到它，但這只是一個例子：

import java.io.*;

public class CmdTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        ProcessBuilder builder = new ProcessBuilder(
            "cmd.exe", "/c", "cd \"C:\\Program Files\\Microsoft SQL Server\" && dir");
        builder.redirectErrorStream(true);
        Process p = builder.start();
        BufferedReader r = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(p.getInputStream()));
        String line;
        while (true) {
            line = r.readLine();
            if (line == null) { break; }
            System.out.println(line);
        }
    }
}

另請注意，我正在使用ProcessBuilder來運行命令。 除此之外，這允許我通過調用redirectErrorStream(true)將進程的標准錯誤重定向到其標准輸出。 這樣做只給了我一個可供讀取的流。

這給了我機器上的以下輸出：

C:\Users\Luke\StackOverflow>java CmdTest
 Volume in drive C is Windows7
 Volume Serial Number is D8F0-C934

 Directory of C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server

29/07/2011  11:03    <DIR>          .
29/07/2011  11:03    <DIR>          ..
21/01/2011  20:37    <DIR>          100
21/01/2011  20:35    <DIR>          80
21/01/2011  20:35    <DIR>          90
21/01/2011  20:39    <DIR>          MSSQL10_50.SQLEXPRESS
               0 File(s)              0 bytes
               6 Dir(s)  209,496,424,448 bytes free

Answer 2

你可以試試這個： -

Process p = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(command);

Answer 3

如果要執行cd類的操作，請使用：

String[] command = {command_to_be_executed, arg1, arg2};
ProcessBuilder builder = new ProcessBuilder(command);
builder = builder.directory(new File("directory_location"));

例子：

String[] command = {"ls", "-al"};
ProcessBuilder builder = new ProcessBuilder(command);
builder = builder.directory(new File("/ngs/app/abc"));
Process p = builder.start();

將命令和所有參數拆分為字符串數組的單獨字符串很重要（否則ProcessBuilder API 將無法正確提供它們）。

Answer 4

這是一個更完整的命令行執行實現。

用法

executeCommand("ls");

輸出：

12/27/2017 11:18:11:732: ls
12/27/2017 11:18:11:820: build.gradle
12/27/2017 11:18:11:820: gradle
12/27/2017 11:18:11:820: gradlew
12/27/2017 11:18:11:820: gradlew.bat
12/27/2017 11:18:11:820: out
12/27/2017 11:18:11:820: settings.gradle
12/27/2017 11:18:11:820: src

代碼

private void executeCommand(String command) {
    try {
        log(command);
        Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(command);
        logOutput(process.getInputStream(), "");
        logOutput(process.getErrorStream(), "Error: ");
        process.waitFor();
    } catch (IOException | InterruptedException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}

private void logOutput(InputStream inputStream, String prefix) {
    new Thread(() -> {
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(inputStream, "UTF-8");
        while (scanner.hasNextLine()) {
            synchronized (this) {
                log(prefix + scanner.nextLine());
            }
        }
        scanner.close();
    }).start();
}

private static SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat("MM/dd/yyyy hh:mm:ss:SSS");

private synchronized void log(String message) {
    System.out.println(format.format(new Date()) + ": " + message);
}

Answer 5

我的例子（來自真實項目）

文件夾——文件。

zipFile，filesString — 字符串；

        final String command = "/bin/tar -xvf " + zipFile + " " + filesString;
        logger.info("Start unzipping: {}    into the folder {}", command, folder.getPath());
        final Runtime r = Runtime.getRuntime();
        final Process p = r.exec(command, null, folder);
        final int returnCode = p.waitFor();

        if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
            final BufferedReader is = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(p.getInputStream()));
            String line;
            while ((line = is.readLine()) != null) {
                logger.warn(line);
            }
            final BufferedReader is2 = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(p.getErrorStream()));
            while ((line = is2.readLine()) != null) {
                logger.warn(line);
            }
        }

Answer 6

最簡單的方法是使用Runtime.getRuntime.exec() 。

例如，要獲取 Windows 上默認瀏覽器的注冊表值：

String command = "REG QUERY HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\\http\\shell\\open\\command";
try
{
    Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(command);
} catch (IOException e)
{
    e.printStackTrace();
}

如有必要，然后使用Scanner獲取命令的輸出。

Scanner kb = new Scanner(process.getInputStream());

注意： \是String中的轉義字符，必須轉義才能正常工作（因此\\ ）。

---

但是，沒有名為cd的可執行文件，因為它不能在單獨的進程中實現。

當前工作目錄很重要的一種情況是執行外部進程（使用ProcessBuilder或Runtime.exec() ）。 在這些情況下，您可以明確指定用於新啟動進程的工作目錄。

最簡單的命令方式：

System.setProperty("user.dir", "C:\\Program Files\\Flowella");

Answer 7

嘗試這個：

Process runtime = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("cmd /c start notepad++.exe");

Answer 8

一旦獲得對 Process 的引用，就可以對其調用 getOutpuStream 以獲取 cmd 提示符的標准輸入。 然后，您可以使用 write 方法在流上發送任何命令，就像使用任何其他流一樣。

請注意，它是 process.getOutputStream() 連接到衍生進程上的標准輸入。 類似地，要獲取任何命令的輸出，您需要調用 getInputStream，然后將其作為任何其他輸入流讀取。

Answer 9

停止和禁用服務可以通過以下代碼完成：

static void sdService() {
    String[] cmd = {"cmd.exe", "/c", "net", "stop", "MSSQLSERVER"};
    try {           
        Process process = new ProcessBuilder(cmd).start();
        process.waitFor();      
        String line = null;
        BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(process.getInputStream()));
        while((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
            System.out.println(line);
        }
                            
        line = null;
        bufferedReader = null;
        Process p = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("sc config MSSQLSERVER start= disabled");
        p.waitFor();
        bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(p.getInputStream()));
        while((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
            System.out.println(line);
        }                   
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }                   
}

啟用和啟動服務可以通過以下代碼完成

static void esService() {
    String[] cmd = {"cmd.exe", "/c", "net", "start", "MSSQLSERVER"};
                    
    try {
        Process p = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("sc config MSSQLSERVER start= auto");
        //Process p = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("sc config MSSQLSERVER start= demand");
        p.waitFor();        
        String line = null;
        BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(p.getInputStream()));
        while((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
            System.out.println(line);
        }
                            
        line = null;
        bufferedReader = null;
        Process process = new ProcessBuilder(cmd).start();          
        process.waitFor();
        bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(process.getInputStream()));
        while((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
            System.out.println(line);
        }
                        
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }               
}

可以通過以下代碼從任何文件夾執行命令。

static void runFromSpecificFolder() {       
    try {
        ProcessBuilder processBuilder = new ProcessBuilder("cmd.exe", "/c", "cd \"C:\\Users\\himan\\Desktop\\Java_Test_Deployment\\jarfiles\" && dir");
        //processBuilder.directory(new File("C://Users//himan//Desktop//Java_Test_Deployment//jarfiles"));
        processBuilder.redirectErrorStream(true);
        Process p = processBuilder.start();
        p.waitFor();        
        String line = null;
        BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(p.getInputStream()));
        while((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
            System.out.println(line);
        }                
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }               
}
    
public static void main(String args[]) {
    sdService();
    runFromSpecificFolder();
    esService();
}

Answer 10

您不能以這種方式運行cd ，因為cd不是真正的程序； 它是命令行的內置部分，它所做的只是改變命令行的環境。 在子進程中運行它是沒有意義的，因為那時您正在更改該子進程的環境 - 但該子進程立即關閉，丟棄其環境。

要在您的實際 Java 程序中設置當前工作目錄，您應該編寫：

System.setProperty("user.dir", "C:\\Program Files\\Flowella");

Answer 11

public class Demo {
    public static void main(String args[]) throws IOException {

        Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("/Users/******/Library/Android/sdk/platform-tools/adb" + " shell dumpsys battery ");
        BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(process.getInputStream()));
        String line = null;
        while (true) {
            line = in.readLine();
            if (line == null) { break; }
            System.out.println(line);
        }
    }
}

Answer 12

最簡單和最短的方法是使用CmdTool庫。

new Cmd()
         .configuring(new WorkDir("C:/Program Files/Flowella"))
         .command("cmd.exe", "/c", "start")
         .execute();

您可以在此處找到更多示例。

Answer 13

從 java 執行 cmd 的方法之一！

public void executeCmd() {
    String anyCommand="your command";
    try {
        Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("cmd /c start cmd.exe /K " + anyCommand);

    } catch (IOException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}

Answer 14

這里的加法器是使用與號來批處理命令和正確的格式以使用 cd 更改驅動器。

public class CmdCommander {

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    //easyway to start native windows command prompt from Intellij

    /*
    Rules are:
    1.baseStart must be dual start
    2.first command must not have &.
    3.subsequent commands must be prepended with &
    4.drive change needs extra &
    5.use quotes at start and end of command batch
    */
    String startQuote = "\"";
    String endQuote = "\"";
    //String baseStart_not_taking_commands = " cmd  /K start ";
    String baseStart = " cmd  /K start cmd /K ";//dual start is must

    String first_command_chcp = " chcp 1251 ";
    String dirList = " &dir ";//& in front of commands after first command means enter
    //change drive....to yours
    String changeDir = " &cd &I: ";//extra & makes changing drive happen

    String javaLaunch = " &java ";//just another command
    String javaClass = " Encodes ";//parameter for java needs no &

    String javaCommand = javaLaunch + javaClass;
    //build batch command
    String totalCommand =
            baseStart +
                    startQuote +
                    first_command_chcp +
                    //javaCommand +
                    changeDir +
                    dirList +
                    endQuote;

    System.out.println(totalCommand);//prints into Intellij terminal
    runCmd(totalCommand);
    //Thread t = Thread.currentThread();
    //t.sleep(3000);
    System.out.println("loppu hep");//prints into Intellij terminal

}


public static void runCmd(String command) throws Exception {

    Runtime rt = Runtime.getRuntime();
    Process proc = rt.exec(command);


}

}