php正則表達式匹配shorttags

Question

這很接近，但無法匹配連續的“屬性”：

$string = "single attribute [include file=\"bob.txt\"] multiple attributes [another prop=\"val\" attr=\"one\"] no attributes [tag] etc";
preg_match_all('/\[((\w+)((\s(\w+)="([^"]+)"))*)\]/', $string, $matches, PREG_SET_ORDER);
print '<pre>' . print_r($matches, TRUE) . '</pre>';

回饋以下內容：

Array
(
    [0] => Array
        (
            [0] => [include file="bob.txt"]
            [1] => include file="bob.txt"
            [2] => include
            [3] =>  file="bob.txt"
            [4] =>  file="bob.txt"
            [5] => file
            [6] => bob.txt
        )

    [1] => Array
        (
            [0] => [another prop="val" attr="one"]
            [1] => another prop="val" attr="one"
            [2] => another
            [3] =>  attr="one"
            [4] =>  attr="one"
            [5] => attr
            [6] => one
        )

    [2] => Array
        (
            [0] => [tag]
            [1] => tag
            [2] => tag
        )

)

其中[2]是標簽名稱，[5]是屬性名稱，[6]是屬性值。

失敗在第二個節點上 - 它捕獲attr="one"但不是prop="val"

TYIA。

（這僅用於有限的，受控制的用途 - 不是廣泛的分發 - 所以我不需要擔心單引號或轉義雙引號）

Answer 1

不幸的是，沒有辦法像這樣重復捕獲組。 就個人而言，我會使用preg_match匹配標簽本身（即刪除正則表達式中的所有額外括號），然后foreach匹配，然后您可以提取屬性。 像這樣的東西：

$string = "single attribute [include file=\"bob.txt\"] multiple attributes [another prop=\"val\" attr=\"one\"] no attributes [tag] etc";
preg_match_all('/\[\w+(?:\s\w+="[^"]+")*\]/', $string, $matches);
foreach($matches[0] as $m) {
    preg_match('/^\w+/', $m, $tagname); $tagname = $tagname[0];
    preg_match_all('/\s(\w+)="([^"]+)"/', $m, $attrs, PREG_SET_ORDER);
    // do something with $tagname and $attrs
}

請注意，如果您打算用某些內容替換標記，則應使用preg_replace_callback如下所示：

$string = "single attribute [include file=\"bob.txt\"] multiple attributes [another prop=\"val\" attr=\"one\"] no attributes [tag] etc";
$output = preg_replace_callback('/\[\w+(?:\s\w+="[^"]+")*\]/', $string, function($match) {
    preg_match('/^\w+/', $m, $tagname); $tagname = $tagname[0];
    preg_match_all('/\s(\w+)="([^"]+)"/', $m, $attrs, PREG_SET_ORDER);
    $result = // do something with $tagname and $attrs
    return $result;
});