sqlalchemy.exc.ProgrammingError :( ProgrammingError）無法調整類型'UUID'

Question

我的桌子是

   categories = table('categories',
                       Column('uuid', UUID(), default=uuid.uuid4,
                              primary_key=True,
                              unique=True, autoincrement=False),
                       Column('name', String),
                       Column('parent', String),
                       Column('created_on', sa.types.DateTime(timezone=True),
                              default=datetime.utcnow())
    )

當我嘗試插入數據時，我明白了

sqlalchemy.exc.ProgrammingError: (ProgrammingError) can't adapt type 'UUID' 'INSERT INTO categories (uuid, name, parent, created_on) VALUES (%(uuid)s, %(name)s, %(parent)s, %(created_on)s)' ({'created_on': datetime.datetime(2013, 3, 31, 4, 12, 26, 801940), 'name': 'Alcohol & Bars', 'parent': 'Food & Drink', 'uuid': UUID('860e5bae-b770-425f-8672-c15c49508a1f')}, {'created_on': datetime.datetime(2013, 3, 31, 4, 12, 26, 801940), 'name': 'Coffee & Tea', 'parent': 'Food & Drink', 'uuid': UUID('de6ad60e-a076-483d-90e9-93916c537583')},

然后我把我的桌子改成了

categories = table('categories',
                   Column('uuid', UUID(), default=str(uuid.uuid4()),
                          primary_key=True,
                          unique=True, autoincrement=False),
                   Column('name', String),
                   Column('parent', String),
                   Column('created_on', sa.types.DateTime(timezone=True),
                          default=datetime.utcnow())
)

然后我開始看到錯誤

sqlalchemy.exc.IntegrityError: (IntegrityError) duplicate key value violates unique constraint "categories_pkey"

    DETAIL:  Key (uuid)=(cb80a166-adce-4a6e-9e1a-c210d9b86732) already exists.
     'INSERT INTO categories (uuid, name, parent, created_on) VALUES (%(uuid)s, %(name)s, %(parent)s, %(created_on)s)' ({'created_on': datetime.datetime(2013, 3, 31, 4, 14, 22, 732107), 'name': 'Alcohol & Bars', 'parent': 'Food & Drink', 'uuid': 'cb80a166-adce-4a6e-9e1a-c210d9b86732'}, {'created_on': datetime.datetime(2013, 3, 31, 4, 14, 22, 732107), 'name': 'Coffee & Tea', 'parent': 'Food & Drink', 'uuid': 'cb80a166-adce-4a6e-9e1a-c210d9b86732'}, {'created_on': datetime.datetime(2013, 3, 31, 4, 14, 22, 732107), 'name': 'Dessert', 'parent': 'Food & Drink', 'uuid': 'cb80a166-adce-4a6e-9e1a-c210d9b86732'}, {'created_on': datetime.datetime(2013, 3, 31, 4, 14, 22, 732107), 'name': 'Fast Food', 'parent': 'Food & Drink', 'uuid': 'cb80a166-adce-4a6e-9e1a-c210d9b86732'}, {'created_on': datetime.datetime(2013, 3, 31, 4, 14, 22, 732107), 'name': 'Groceries', 'parent': 'Food & Drink', 'uuid': 'cb80a166-adce-4a6e-9e1a-c210d9b86732'}, {'created_on': datetime.datetime(2013, 3, 31, 4, 14, 22, 732107), 'name': 'Other', 'parent': 'Food & Drink', 'uuid': 'cb80a166-adce-4a6e-9e1a-c210d9b86732'}, {'created_on': datetime.datetime(2013, 3, 31, 4, 14, 22, 732107), 'name': 'Restaurants', 'parent': 'Food & Drink', 'uuid': 'cb80a166-adce-4a6e-9e1a-c210d9b86732'}, {'created_on': datetime.datetime(2013, 3, 31, 4, 14, 22, 732107), 'name': 'Snacks', 'parent': 'Food & Drink', 'uuid': 'cb80a166-adce-4a6e-9e1a-c210d9b86732'}  ... displaying 10 of 43 total bound parameter sets ...  {'created_on': datetime.datetime(2013, 3, 31, 4, 14, 22, 732107), 'name': 'Other', 'parent': 'Financial', 'uuid': 'cb80a166-adce-4a6e-9e1a-c210d9b86732'}, {'created_on': datetime.datetime(2013, 3, 31, 4, 14, 22, 732107), 'name': 'Tax Preparation', 'parent': 'Financial', 'uuid': 'cb80a166-adce-4a6e-9e1a-c210d9b86732'})

現在為什么uuid.uuid4()總會給出相同的值？ 我該如何解決這個問題？

謝謝

Answer 1

要使您的第一個代碼示例UUID(as_uuid=True) ，您需要設置UUID(as_uuid=True) （請參閱UUID上的文檔），否則DBAPI適配器需要一個字符串值。

您的第二個示例不起作用，因為default=str(uuid.uuid4())存儲一個字符串值，該值在定義表對象時生成一次，並且每次都使用（因此重復值異常）。 您需要在此處傳遞函數，因此每次插入行時都會對其進行求值：

default=lambda: str(uuid.uuid4())

同樣代表default=datetime.utcnow() ，它必須是default=datetime.utcnow 。 另一件事是主鍵不需要unique=True約束，因為它已經保證是唯一的。